Wiktionary

糞

See also: 粪
糞 U+7CDE, 糞
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CDE
← 糝
[U+7CDD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 糟 →
[U+7CDF]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

糞 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+11, 17 strokes, cangjie input 火木田廿金 (FDWTC), four-corner 90801, composition ⿱米異)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 912, character 26
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 27102
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1339, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3158, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+7CDE

Chinese edit

trad. 糞
simp. 粪
alternative forms
 
𨤝
𥻔
𥽒
𨤘
𥻰
𨤝
𥻔
𥽒
𨤘
𥻰
𥻪
𡐢
𥼇
𥼈
𥹻
𢍨
𥻎
𤲲
𡊅 partial
𡊄 partial

Glyph origin edit

Characters in the same phonetic series (糞) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
糞 *pɯns
瀵 *pɯns, *pʰɯns

Oracle bone: pictogram (象形) : 3 dots + 𠀠 + 廾 + optional 帚 (zhǒu).

Small seal: pictogram (象形) : 釆 + 𠦒 + 廾.

The current glyph is from the small seal script.

Etymology edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brun (“excrement”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan བྲུན (brun, “dung”).

Pronunciation edit

Note:
  • pùn - vernacular;
  • hùn - literary.
Rime
Character 糞
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 文 (59)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方問切
Baxter pjunH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pɨunH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/piunH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/piuənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/punH/
Li
Rong 		/piuənH/
Wang
Li 		/pĭuənH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/pi̯uənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fèn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		fan3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 糞
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fèn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pjunH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*p[u]r-s/
English manure, dirt

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 糞
Reading # 1/1
No. 3197
Phonetic
component 		糞
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		糞
Old
Chinese 		/*pɯns/

Definitions edit

糞

  1. excrement; faeces; dung
  2. manure
  3. (literary, or in compounds) to apply manure to
  4. (literary, or in compounds) to clear away

Synonyms edit

  • (excrement):
Dialectal synonyms of 屎 (“faeces”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 糞, 屎, 糞便, 大便, 大恭
Mandarin Beijing 屎, 大外, 㞎㞎 childish
Taiwan 大便, 屎
Harbin 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Yantai (Muping) 屎
Jinan 屎, 大糞, 㞎㞎 childish
Luoyang 屎, 屎㞎㞎 childish
Wanrong 屎
Xi'an 屎
Yinchuan 屎
Lanzhou 屎
Xining 大便
Ürümqi 屎
Wuhan 㞎㞎, 屎, 大糞, 糞, 糟兒 slang, 米田共 argot
Chengdu 屎, 屎㞎衣兒, 㞎㞎 childish, 屎㞎㞎 childish
Guiyang 屎, 㞎㞎 childish, 屎㞎兒 childish
Liuzhou 屎, 癟, 大便
Xuzhou 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Yangzhou 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Nanjing 屎
Malaysia 屎, 大便
Singapore 屎, 大便
Cantonese Guangzhou 屎, 茄
Hong Kong 屎, 茄, 大便, 米田共 slang, 便便 childish, 唔唔 childish, 臭臭 childish, 坺坺 childish
Macau 屎
Zhuhai (Doumen) 屎, 茄
Dongguan 屎
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 屎
Penang (Guangfu) 屎
Singapore (Guangfu) 屎
Gan Nanchang 屎
Lichuan 屎
Pingxiang 屎
Hakka Meixian 屎, 大糞
Yudu 屎
Kuching (Hepo) 屎
Huizhou Jixi 屎, 練 childish
Jin Taiyuan 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Northern Min Jian'ou 屎
Eastern Min Fuzhou 屎
Southern Min Xiamen 屎
Quanzhou 屎
Zhangzhou 屎
Tainan 屎, 大便 GT
Penang (Hokkien) 屎
Singapore (Hokkien) 屎
Manila (Hokkien) 屎
Chaozhou 屎
Singapore (Teochew) 屎
Leizhou 屎
Haikou 屎
Singapore (Hainanese) 屎
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 屎
Wu Shanghai 惡, 大解 dated
Shanghai (Chongming) 惡
Suzhou 惡
Danyang 屎
Hangzhou 惡
Ningbo 惡
Wenzhou 惡
Jinhua 惡
Xiang Changsha 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Loudi 屎, 㞎㞎 childish
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)
  • (to apply manure to):

See also edit

Compounds edit

Descendants edit

  • → Vietnamese: phân

References edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

糞

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

Readings edit

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
糞
くそ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
屎

From Old Japanese,[1] in turn from Proto-Japonic *kuso.

Cognate with 臭い (kusai, “stinky, smelly”), 腐る (kusaru, “to rot, to become stinky”).[1]

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

糞(くそ) • (kuso) 

  1. (colloquial) feces, excrement
  2. (by extension) shit, crap, garbage, trash
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
Idioms edit

Interjection edit

糞(くそ) • (kuso) 

  1. (often vulgar) shit, crap
Usage notes edit
  • This is not considered as profane as the English glosses. For instance, a child of five using the Japanese interjection kuso would be unremarkable, whereas it would be very socially inappropriate for a child of five to use the English interjection shit.

Prefix edit

糞(くそ) • (kuso-) 

  1. (derogatory) pejorative prefix
    糞(くそ)爺(じじ)い
    kusojijī
    damn geezer

Suffix edit

糞(くそ) • (-kuso) 

  1. crappy, for shit: a derogatory emphasizing suffix.
    下手(へた)糞(くそ)
    hetakuso
    crappy (bad at something), to be shit at doing something
    襤褸(ぼろ)糞(くそ)
    borokuso
    broken down for shit, raggedy-ass

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
糞
ふん
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

/pun/ → /fun/

From Middle Chinese 糞 (MC pjunH).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

糞(ふん) or 糞(フン) • (fun) 

  1. droppings, dung
    ふれあい動(どう)物(ぶつ)園(えん)のモルモットが受(う)けるストレスを糞(ふん)中(ちゅう)コルチコステロンによって推(すい)定(てい)する試(こころ)み
    fureai dōbutsuen no morumotto ga ukeru sutoresu o funchū koruchikosuteron ni yotte suitei suru kokoromi
    Non-invasive monitoring of stress via fecal corticosterone levels in guinea pigs on public display
Usage notes edit
  • This noun specifically refers to the excrement of non-human animals; for human excrement, the term 大便 (daiben) is used.
  • This term may be spelled as フン due to the complexity of the kanji 糞.

Etymology 3 edit

Kanji in this term
糞
ばば
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
屎

Appears to derive from baby talk.[1][2] Compare English poopoo and Mandarin 㞎㞎 (bǎba).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

糞(ばば) • (baba) 

  1. (childish) poopoo, poop, dookie
  2. (childish) something unclean
Derived terms edit

References edit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja edit

糞 (eumhun 똥 분 (ttong bun))

  1. Hanja form? of 분 (“dung”).

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

糞: Hán Nôm readings: phẩn, phân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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