Italian

edit

Etymology 1

edit

Borrowed from Latin -eus.

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /e.o/ (stress falls on the preceding syllable)
  • Hyphenation: -e‧o

Suffix

edit

-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee)

  1. used to form adjectives referring to the qualities of the root noun; -en, -eous, -ean
    1. used to form adjectives from materials or substances, indicating material composition:
      ferro (iron) + ‎-eo → ‎ferreo (made of iron)
      argento (silver) + ‎-eo → ‎argenteo (made of silver)
      acqua (water) + ‎-eo → ‎acqueo (made of water, watery)
    2. used to form relational adjectives from proper nouns:
      Cesare (Caesar) + ‎-eo → ‎cesareo (Caesarean, of or pertaining to Julius Caesar)
      Medici + ‎-eo → ‎mediceo (of or pertaining to the Medici family)
Usage notes
edit
  • Some adjectives in -eo are borrowed directly from Latin and exhibit fossilized characteristics which are otherwise lost in the root noun:
    • corpo (body)corporeo (bodily, corporeal) (cfr. Latin corpor-, oblique stem of corpus)
    • legno (wood)ligneo (wooden, made from wood) (cfr. Latin lignum)
    • oro (gold)aureo (golden, made of gold) (cfr. Latin aurum)
    • Ercole (Hercules)erculeo (Herculean, pertaining to Hercules) (cfr. Latin Herculēs)

Etymology 2

edit

Borrowed from Latin -aeus, from Ancient Greek -αῖος (-aîos).

Pronunciation

edit
  • IPA(key): /ˈɛ.o/
  • Rhymes: -ɛo
  • Hyphenation: -è‧o

Suffix

edit

-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee) -eo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ei, feminine -ea)

  1. used to form adjectives and nouns expressing relation to the root noun; -an, -ean
    1. forming ethnonyms from place names:
      Etna + ‎-eo → ‎etneo (of or pertaining to mount Etna; person from or inhabitant of the Etna region)
      Ragusa (city in Croatia) + ‎-eo → ‎raguseo (of or pertaining to the city of Ragusa; person from or inhabitant of Ragusa)
    2. forming relational adjectives from proper nouns:
      Euclide (Euclid) + ‎-eo → ‎euclideo (Euclidean, pertaining to Euclid)
      Augusto (Augustus) + ‎-eo → ‎augusteo (Augustan, pertaining to emperor Augustus or his time)
    3. forming relational adjectives from body parts:
      carotide (carotid) + ‎-eo → ‎carotideo (pertaining to a carotid)
      faringe (pharynx) + ‎-eo → ‎faringeo (pharyngeal, pertaining to the pharynx)

Derived terms

edit

Latin

edit

Pronunciation

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Proto-Italic *-ēō, from earlier *-ējō, from verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti (stative suffix) in which the first person singular always ended in *-éh₁yoh₂.

Suffix

edit

-eō (present infinitive -ēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stem

  1. Forms stative verbs from adjectives.
    clārus (clear) + ‎-eo → ‎clār (to be clear)
    frīgus (cold) + ‎-eo → ‎frīg (to be cold)
Conjugation
edit
   Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -eō -ēs -et -ēmus -ētis -ent
imperfect -ēbam -ēbās -ēbat -ēbāmus -ēbātis -ēbant
future -ēbō -ēbis -ēbit -ēbimus -ēbitis -ēbunt
perfect -uī -uistī -uit -uimus -uistis -uērunt,
-uēre
pluperfect -ueram -uerās -uerat -uerāmus -uerātis -uerant
future perfect -uerō -ueris -uerit -uerimus -ueritis -uerint
sigmatic future1 ,
ēssō
-is,
ēssis
-it,
ēssit
-imus,
ēssimus
-itis,
ēssitis
-int,
ēssint
passive present -eor -ēris,
-ēre
-ētur -ēmur -ēminī -entur
imperfect -ēbar -ēbāris,
-ēbāre
-ēbātur -ēbāmur -ēbāminī -ēbantur
future -ēbor -ēberis,
-ēbere
-ēbitur -ēbimur -ēbiminī -ēbuntur
perfect -itus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect -itus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect -itus + future active indicative of sum
sigmatic future1 -or,
ēssor
-eris,
ēsseris
-itur,
ēssitur
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -eam -eās -eat -eāmus -eātis -eant
imperfect -ērem -ērēs -ēret -ērēmus -ērētis -ērent
perfect -uerim -uerīs -uerit -uerīmus -uerītis -uerint
pluperfect -uissem -uissēs -uisset -uissēmus -uissētis -uissent
sigmatic aorist1 -im,
ēssim
-īs,
ēssīs
-īt,
ēssīt
-īmus,
ēssīmus
-ītis,
ēssītis
-int,
ēssint
passive present -ear -eāris,
-eāre
-eātur -eāmur -eāminī -eantur
imperfect -ērer -ērēris,
-ērēre
-ērētur -ērēmur -ērēminī -ērentur
perfect -itus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect -itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -ēte
future -ētō -ētō -ētōte -entō
passive present -ēre -ēminī
future -ētor -ētor -entor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives -ēre -uisse -itūrum esse -ērī -itum esse -itum īrī
participles -ēns -itūrus -itus -endus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
-endī -endō -endum -endō -itum -itū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.

Derived terms
edit

Etymology 2

edit

From Proto-Italic *-eō, from causative/frequentative verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (causative suffix) in which the first person singular ended in *-éyoh₂.

Suffix

edit

-eō (present infinitive -ēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stem

  1. (no longer productive) Forms causative verbs from primary (third conjugation and some fourth conjugation) verbs.
Conjugation
edit
   Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -eō -ēs -et -ēmus -ētis -ent
imperfect -ēbam -ēbās -ēbat -ēbāmus -ēbātis -ēbant
future -ēbō -ēbis -ēbit -ēbimus -ēbitis -ēbunt
perfect -uī -uistī -uit -uimus -uistis -uērunt,
-uēre
pluperfect -ueram -uerās -uerat -uerāmus -uerātis -uerant
future perfect -uerō -ueris -uerit -uerimus -ueritis -uerint
sigmatic future1 ,
ēssō
-is,
ēssis
-it,
ēssit
-imus,
ēssimus
-itis,
ēssitis
-int,
ēssint
passive present -eor -ēris,
-ēre
-ētur -ēmur -ēminī -entur
imperfect -ēbar -ēbāris,
-ēbāre
-ēbātur -ēbāmur -ēbāminī -ēbantur
future -ēbor -ēberis,
-ēbere
-ēbitur -ēbimur -ēbiminī -ēbuntur
perfect -itus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect -itus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect -itus + future active indicative of sum
sigmatic future1 -or,
ēssor
-eris,
ēsseris
-itur,
ēssitur
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -eam -eās -eat -eāmus -eātis -eant
imperfect -ērem -ērēs -ēret -ērēmus -ērētis -ērent
perfect -uerim -uerīs -uerit -uerīmus -uerītis -uerint
pluperfect -uissem -uissēs -uisset -uissēmus -uissētis -uissent
sigmatic aorist1 -im,
ēssim
-īs,
ēssīs
-īt,
ēssīt
-īmus,
ēssīmus
-ītis,
ēssītis
-int,
ēssint
passive present -ear -eāris,
-eāre
-eātur -eāmur -eāminī -eantur
imperfect -ērer -ērēris,
-ērēre
-ērētur -ērēmur -ērēminī -ērentur
perfect -itus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect -itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present -ēte
future -ētō -ētō -ētōte -entō
passive present -ēre -ēminī
future -ētor -ētor -entor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives -ēre -uisse -itūrum esse -ērī -itum esse -itum īrī
participles -ēns -itūrus -itus -endus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
-endī -endō -endum -endō -itum -itū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.

Etymology 3

edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix

edit

-eō

  1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of -eus

References

edit

Spanish

edit

Etymology 1

edit

From Latin -eus.

Suffix

edit

-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -eos, feminine plural -eas)

  1. -eous; forms adjectives meaning resembling or having characteristics of the related term
edit

Etymology 2

edit

Suffix

edit

-eo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -eos)

  1. forms nouns from verbs suffixed with -ear, means 'action and effect'
Derived terms
edit

Further reading

edit