-eo

See also: Appendix:Variations of "eo"

Italian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin -eus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /e.o/ (stress falls on the preceding syllable)
• Hyphenation: -e‧o

Suffix

-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee)

1. used to form adjectives referring to the qualities of the root noun; -en, -eous, -ean
   1. used to form adjectives from materials or substances, indicating material composition:

      ‎ferro (“iron”) + ‎-eo → ‎ferreo (“made of iron”)

      ‎argento (“silver”) + ‎-eo → ‎argenteo (“made of silver”)

      ‎acqua (“water”) + ‎-eo → ‎acqueo (“made of water, watery”)

   2. used to form relational adjectives from proper nouns:

      ‎Cesare (“Caesar”) + ‎-eo → ‎cesareo (“Caesarean, of or pertaining to Julius Caesar”)

      ‎Medici + ‎-eo → ‎mediceo (“of or pertaining to the Medici family”)

Usage notes

• Some adjectives in -eo are borrowed directly from Latin and exhibit fossilized characteristics which are otherwise lost in the root noun:
  • corpo (“body”) → corporeo (“bodily, corporeal”) (cfr. Latin corpor-, oblique stem of corpus)
  • legno (“wood”) → ligneo (“wooden, made from wood”) (cfr. Latin lignum)
  • oro (“gold”) → aureo (“golden, made of gold”) (cfr. Latin aurum)
  • Ercole (“Hercules”) → erculeo (“Herculean, pertaining to Hercules”) (cfr. Latin Herculēs)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin -aeus, from Ancient Greek -αῖος (-aîos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.o/
• Rhymes: -ɛo
• Hyphenation: -è‧o

Suffix

-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee) -eo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -ei, feminine -ea)

1. used to form adjectives and nouns expressing relation to the root noun; -an, -ean
   1. forming ethnonyms from place names:

      ‎Etna + ‎-eo → ‎etneo (“of or pertaining to mount Etna; person from or inhabitant of the Etna region”)

      ‎Ragusa (city in Croatia) + ‎-eo → ‎raguseo (“of or pertaining to the city of Ragusa; person from or inhabitant of Ragusa”)

   2. forming relational adjectives from proper nouns:

      ‎Euclide (“Euclid”) + ‎-eo → ‎euclideo (“Euclidean, pertaining to Euclid”)

      ‎Augusto (“Augustus”) + ‎-eo → ‎augusteo (“Augustan, pertaining to emperor Augustus or his time”)

   3. forming relational adjectives from body parts:

      ‎carotide (“carotid”) + ‎-eo → ‎carotideo (“pertaining to a carotid”)

      ‎faringe (“pharynx”) + ‎-eo → ‎faringeo (“pharyngeal, pertaining to the pharynx”)

Derived terms

Italian terms suffixed with -eo

acqueo

adenoideo

argenteo

aureo

cesareo

corporeo

Cotroneo

eracleo

eracliteo

erculeo

eritreo

etneo

euclideo

ferreo

fosforeo

glenoideo

igneo

irideo

ligneo

mediceo

nerveo

nettareo

pericleo

popliteo

sanguineo

sasseo

scultoreo

sfingeo

terreo

virgineo

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [e.oː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [e.o] (stressed on the antepenult)

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti

Proto-Indo-European *-yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yetider.

Proto-Italic *-ēō

Latin -eō

From Proto-Italic *-ēō, from earlier *-ējō, from verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti (stative suffix) in which the first person singular always ended in *-éh₁yoh₂.

Suffix

-eō (present infinitive -ēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stems

2. Forms stative verbs from adjectives.

   ‎clārus (“clear”) + ‎-eo → ‎clāreō (“to be clear”)

   ‎frīgus (“cold”) + ‎-eo → ‎frīgeō (“to be cold”)

Conjugation

   Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	-eō		-ēs		-et		-ēmus		-ētis		-ent
	imperfect	-ēbam		-ēbās		-ēbat		-ēbāmus		-ēbātis		-ēbant
	future	-ēbō		-ēbis		-ēbit		-ēbimus		-ēbitis		-ēbunt
	perfect	-uī		-uistī		-uit		-uimus		-uistis		-uērunt, -uēre
	pluperfect	-ueram		-uerās		-uerat		-uerāmus		-uerātis		-uerant
	future perfect	-uerō		-ueris		-uerit		-uerimus		-ueritis		-uerint
	sigmatic future1	-ēssō		-ēssis		-ēssit		-ēssimus		-ēssitis		-ēssint
passive	present	-eor		-ēris, -ēre		-ētur		-ēmur		-ēminī		-entur
	imperfect	-ēbar		-ēbāris, -ēbāre		-ēbātur		-ēbāmur		-ēbāminī		-ēbantur
	future	-ēbor		-ēberis, -ēbere		-ēbitur		-ēbimur		-ēbiminī		-ēbuntur
	perfect	-itus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	-itus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	-itus + future active indicative of sum
	sigmatic future1	-ēssor		-ēsseris		-ēssitur		—		—		—
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	-eam		-eās		-eat		-eāmus		-eātis		-eant
	imperfect	-ērem		-ērēs		-ēret		-ērēmus		-ērētis		-ērent
	perfect	-uerim		-uerīs		-uerit		-uerīmus		-uerītis		-uerint
	pluperfect	-uissem		-uissēs		-uisset		-uissēmus		-uissētis		-uissent
	sigmatic aorist1	-ēssim		-ēssīs		-ēssīt		-ēssīmus		-ēssītis		-ēssint
passive	present	-ear		-eāris, -eāre		-eātur		-eāmur		-eāminī		-eantur
	imperfect	-ērer		-ērēris, -ērēre		-ērētur		-ērēmur		-ērēminī		-ērentur
	perfect	-itus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	-itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		-ē		—		—		-ēte		—
	future	—		-ētō		-ētō		—		-ētōte		-entō
passive	present	—		-ēre		—		—		-ēminī		—
	future	—		-ētor		-ētor		—		—		-entor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		-ēre			-ērī			-ēns			—
future		-itūrum esse			-itum īrī			-itūrus			-endus
perfect		-uisse			-itum esse			—			-itus
future perfect		—			-itum fore			—			—
perfect potential		-itūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		-endī		-endō		-endum		-endō		-itum		-itū

¹At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.

Derived terms

• -ēscō

Latin terms suffixed with -eo

aegreo

albeo

ardeo

audeo

calleo

calveo

caneo

clareo

claudeo

flacceo

flaveo

floreo

fraceo

frigeo

lacteo

misereo

nigreo

polleo

putreo

salveo

-esco

sordeo

-turio

Etymology 2

From Proto-Italic *-eō, from causative/frequentative verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (causative suffix) in which the first person singular ended in *-éyoh₂.

Suffix

-eō (present infinitive -ēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stems

2. (no longer productive) Forms causative verbs from primary (third conjugation and some fourth conjugation) verbs.

Conjugation

   Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	-eō		-ēs		-et		-ēmus		-ētis		-ent
	imperfect	-ēbam		-ēbās		-ēbat		-ēbāmus		-ēbātis		-ēbant
	future	-ēbō		-ēbis		-ēbit		-ēbimus		-ēbitis		-ēbunt
	perfect	-uī		-uistī		-uit		-uimus		-uistis		-uērunt, -uēre
	pluperfect	-ueram		-uerās		-uerat		-uerāmus		-uerātis		-uerant
	future perfect	-uerō		-ueris		-uerit		-uerimus		-ueritis		-uerint
	sigmatic future1	-ēssō		-ēssis		-ēssit		-ēssimus		-ēssitis		-ēssint
passive	present	-eor		-ēris, -ēre		-ētur		-ēmur		-ēminī		-entur
	imperfect	-ēbar		-ēbāris, -ēbāre		-ēbātur		-ēbāmur		-ēbāminī		-ēbantur
	future	-ēbor		-ēberis, -ēbere		-ēbitur		-ēbimur		-ēbiminī		-ēbuntur
	perfect	-itus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	-itus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	-itus + future active indicative of sum
	sigmatic future1	-ēssor		-ēsseris		-ēssitur		—		—		—
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	-eam		-eās		-eat		-eāmus		-eātis		-eant
	imperfect	-ērem		-ērēs		-ēret		-ērēmus		-ērētis		-ērent
	perfect	-uerim		-uerīs		-uerit		-uerīmus		-uerītis		-uerint
	pluperfect	-uissem		-uissēs		-uisset		-uissēmus		-uissētis		-uissent
	sigmatic aorist1	-ēssim		-ēssīs		-ēssīt		-ēssīmus		-ēssītis		-ēssint
passive	present	-ear		-eāris, -eāre		-eātur		-eāmur		-eāminī		-eantur
	imperfect	-ērer		-ērēris, -ērēre		-ērētur		-ērēmur		-ērēminī		-ērentur
	perfect	-itus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	-itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		-ē		—		—		-ēte		—
	future	—		-ētō		-ētō		—		-ētōte		-entō
passive	present	—		-ēre		—		—		-ēminī		—
	future	—		-ētor		-ētor		—		—		-entor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		-ēre			-ērī			-ēns			—
future		-itūrum esse			-itum īrī			-itūrus			-endus
perfect		-uisse			-itum esse			—			-itus
future perfect		—			-itum fore			—			—
perfect potential		-itūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		-endī		-endō		-endum		-endō		-itum		-itū

¹At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been"), which is not attested in the plural for any verb.

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix

-eō

1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of -eus

References

• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

Spanish

Etymology 1

From Latin -eus.

Suffix

-eo (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -ea, masculine plural -eos, feminine plural -eas)

1. -eous; forms adjectives meaning resembling or having characteristics of the related term

Related terms

• -áceo
• -áneo
• -io

Etymology 2

Suffix

-eo m (noun-forming suffix, plural -eos)

1. forms nouns from verbs suffixed with -ear, meaning 'action and effect'

Derived terms

Spanish terms suffixed with -eo

bandurreo

cadereo

colegueo

crasheo

cuckeo

mariconeo

mayoreo

móreo

palanqueo

papeleo

parotídeo

parpadeo

politiqueo

rejoneo

salseo

shippeo

terruqueo

tiburoneo

torneo

zigzagueo

Further reading

• “-eo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2024 December 10