-eo

See also: Appendix:Variations of "eo"

Italian

Etymology 1

From Latin -eus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /e.o/
• Hyphenation: -e‧o

Suffix

-eo m (feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee)

1. Used to form adjectives referring to the qualities of the root noun; -en, -eous, -ean

Usage notes

• Terms formed with this suffix are stressed on the antepenultimate (penultimate if the sequence eo is interpreted as vowel + glide).
• The suffix is attached to the stem of a noun indicating a material or substance to express material composition:

Examples:

ferro (“iron”) → ferreo (“made of iron”)

argento (“silver”) → argenteo (“made of silver”)

acqua (“water”) → acqueo (“made of water, watery”)

• When the root is a proper noun, the adjective indicates relation:

Examples:

Cesare (“Caesar”) → cesareo (“Caesarean, of or pertaining to Julius Caesar”)

Medici → mediceo (“of or pertaining to the Medici family”)

• In some cases, adjectives descending from Latin exhibit fossilized characteristics which are otherwise lost in the root noun:

Examples:

corpo (“body”) → corporeo (“bodily, corporeal”) (cfr. Latin corpor-, oblique stem of corpus)

legno (“wood”) → ligneo (“wooden, made from wood”) (cfr. Latin lignum)

oro (“gold”) → aureo (“golden, made of gold”) (cfr. Latin aurum)

Ercole (“Hercules”) → erculeo (“Herculean, pertaining to Hercules”) (cfr. Latin Herculēs)

Etymology 2

From Latin -aeus, from Ancient Greek -αῖος (-aîos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛ.o/
• Rhymes: -ɛo
• Hyphenation: -è‧o

Suffix

-eo m (feminine -ea, masculine plural -ei, feminine plural -ee)

1. Used to form adjectives and nouns expressing relation to the root noun; -an, -ean

Usage notes

• The suffix is attached to place names to derive adjectives expressing a relationship of origin or relation, and to create ethnonyms:

Examples:

Etna → etneo (“of or pertaining to mount Etna; person from or inhabitant of the Etna region”)

Ragusa (city in Croatia) → raguseo (“of or pertaining to the city of Ragusa; person from or inhabitant of Ragusa”)

• If the root is a proper noun, the adjective indicates correlation:

Euclide (“Euclid”) → euclideo (“Euclidean, pertaining to Euclid”)

Augusto (“Augustus”) → augusteo (“Augustan, pertaining to emperor Augustus or his time”)

• It can also form adjectives related to body parts:

carotide (“carotid”) → carotideo (“pertaining to a carotid”)

faringe (“pharynx”) → faringeo (“pharyngeal, pertaining to the pharynx”)

Derived terms

Italian terms suffixed with -eo

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Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /e.oː/, [eoː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /e.o/, [eo] (stressed on the antepenult)

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *-ēō, from verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti (stative suffix).

Suffix

-eō (present infinitive -ēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stem

2. Forms stative verbs from adjectives.

Conjugation

Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	-eō	-ēs	-et	-ēmus	-ētis	-ent
	imperfect	-ēbam	-ēbās	-ēbat	-ēbāmus	-ēbātis	-ēbant
	future	-ēbō	-ēbis	-ēbit	-ēbimus	-ēbitis	-ēbunt
	perfect	-uī	-uistī	-uit	-uimus	-uistis	-uērunt, -uēre
	pluperfect	-ueram	-uerās	-uerat	-uerāmus	-uerātis	-uerant
	future perfect	-uerō	-ueris	-uerit	-uerimus	-ueritis	-uerint
	sigmatic future1	-ō, ēssō	-is, ēssis	-it, ēssit	-imus, ēssimus	-itis, ēssitis	-int, ēssint
passive	present	-eor	-ēris, -ēre	-ētur	-ēmur	-ēminī	-entur
	imperfect	-ēbar	-ēbāris, -ēbāre	-ēbātur	-ēbāmur	-ēbāminī	-ēbantur
	future	-ēbor	-ēberis, -ēbere	-ēbitur	-ēbimur	-ēbiminī	-ēbuntur
	perfect	-itus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	-itus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	-itus + future active indicative of sum
	sigmatic future1	-or, ēssor	-eris, ēsseris	-itur, ēssitur	—	—	—
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	-eam	-eās	-eat	-eāmus	-eātis	-eant
	imperfect	-ērem	-ērēs	-ēret	-ērēmus	-ērētis	-ērent
	perfect	-uerim	-uerīs	-uerit	-uerīmus	-uerītis	-uerint
	pluperfect	-uissem	-uissēs	-uisset	-uissēmus	-uissētis	-uissent
	sigmatic aorist1	-im, ēssim	-īs, ēssīs	-īt, ēssīt	-īmus, ēssīmus	-ītis, ēssītis	-int, ēssint
passive	present	-ear	-eāris, -eāre	-eātur	-eāmur	-eāminī	-eantur
	imperfect	-ērer	-ērēris, -ērēre	-ērētur	-ērēmur	-ērēminī	-ērentur
	perfect	-itus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	-itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	-ē	—	—	-ēte	—
	future	—	-ētō	-ētō	—	-ētōte	-entō
passive	present	—	-ēre	—	—	-ēminī	—
	future	—	-ētor	-ētor	—	—	-entor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		-ēre	-uisse	-itūrum esse	-ērī	-itum esse	-itum īrī
participles		-ēns	—	-itūrus	—	-itus	-endus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		-endī	-endō	-endum	-endō	-itum	-itū

¹At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been").

Derived terms

• -ēscō

Latin terms suffixed with -eo

Etymology 2

From Proto-Italic *-eō, from causative / frequentative verbs with Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti (causative suffix).

Suffix

-eō (present infinitive -ēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stem

2. (no longer productive) Forms causative verbs from primary (third conjugation and some fourth conjugation) verbs.

Conjugation

Conjugation of -eō (second conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	-eō	-ēs	-et	-ēmus	-ētis	-ent
	imperfect	-ēbam	-ēbās	-ēbat	-ēbāmus	-ēbātis	-ēbant
	future	-ēbō	-ēbis	-ēbit	-ēbimus	-ēbitis	-ēbunt
	perfect	-uī	-uistī	-uit	-uimus	-uistis	-uērunt, -uēre
	pluperfect	-ueram	-uerās	-uerat	-uerāmus	-uerātis	-uerant
	future perfect	-uerō	-ueris	-uerit	-uerimus	-ueritis	-uerint
	sigmatic future1	-ō, ēssō	-is, ēssis	-it, ēssit	-imus, ēssimus	-itis, ēssitis	-int, ēssint
passive	present	-eor	-ēris, -ēre	-ētur	-ēmur	-ēminī	-entur
	imperfect	-ēbar	-ēbāris, -ēbāre	-ēbātur	-ēbāmur	-ēbāminī	-ēbantur
	future	-ēbor	-ēberis, -ēbere	-ēbitur	-ēbimur	-ēbiminī	-ēbuntur
	perfect	-itus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	-itus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	-itus + future active indicative of sum
	sigmatic future1	-or, ēssor	-eris, ēsseris	-itur, ēssitur	—	—	—
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	-eam	-eās	-eat	-eāmus	-eātis	-eant
	imperfect	-ērem	-ērēs	-ēret	-ērēmus	-ērētis	-ērent
	perfect	-uerim	-uerīs	-uerit	-uerīmus	-uerītis	-uerint
	pluperfect	-uissem	-uissēs	-uisset	-uissēmus	-uissētis	-uissent
	sigmatic aorist1	-im, ēssim	-īs, ēssīs	-īt, ēssīt	-īmus, ēssīmus	-ītis, ēssītis	-int, ēssint
passive	present	-ear	-eāris, -eāre	-eātur	-eāmur	-eāminī	-eantur
	imperfect	-ērer	-ērēris, -ērēre	-ērētur	-ērēmur	-ērēminī	-ērentur
	perfect	-itus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	-itus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	-ē	—	—	-ēte	—
	future	—	-ētō	-ētō	—	-ētōte	-entō
passive	present	—	-ēre	—	—	-ēminī	—
	future	—	-ētor	-ētor	—	—	-entor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		-ēre	-uisse	-itūrum esse	-ērī	-itum esse	-itum īrī
participles		-ēns	—	-itūrus	—	-itus	-endus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		-endī	-endō	-endum	-endō	-itum	-itū

¹At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to"). It is also attested as having a rare sigmatic future passive indicative form ("will have been").

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Suffix

-eō

1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of -eus

References

• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN

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Spanish

Etymology 1

From Latin -eus.

Suffix

-eo (feminine -ea, masculine plural -eos, feminine plural -eas)

1. -eous; Used to form adjectives meaning resembling or having characteristics of the related term.

Related terms

• -áceo
• -áneo
• -io

Etymology 2

Suffix

-eo m (plural -eos)

1. Used to create nouns from verbs suffixed with -ear, means 'action and effect'.

Derived terms

Spanish terms suffixed with -eo

Further reading

• “-eo”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014