-es

§EtymologyEdit

From Middle English -es, from Old English -as. More at -s.

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. Used to form the regular plural of nouns
   1. that end in "(t)ch" (only when pronounced as IPA^(key): [tʃ]) — glitch → glitches
   2. that end in "(j)j" — hajj → hajjes
   3. that end in "(s)s" — bus → buses
   4. that end in "x" — box → boxes
   5. that end in "(z)z" — waltz → waltzes
   6. that end in "o" — tomato → tomatoes
   7. that end in "sh" — ash → ashes

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. Used to form the third person singular present of verbs
   1. that end in "(t)ch" (only when pronounced as IPA^(key): [tʃ]) — impeach → impeaches
   2. that end in "(s)s" — miss → misses
   3. that end in "x" — tax → taxes
   4. that end in "(z)z" — fizz → fizzes
   5. that end in "o" — go → goes
   6. that end in "sh" — wish → wishes

§EtymologyEdit

From Middle Dutch -esse, borrowed from Northern Old French -esse, from Late Latin -issa (as in abbātissa (“abbess”)).^[1]

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. Creates the female form of persons or occupations, as English -ess

   zanger (“singer, songster”) → zangeres (“female singer; songstress, singeress”)

§Derived termsEdit

§ReferencesEdit

1. ^ A. van Loey, "Schönfeld's Historische Grammatica van het Nederlands", Zutphen, 8. druk, 1970, ISBN 90-03-21170-1; § 180

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. belonging to. (Ending for genitive correlatives.)

§Derived termsEdit

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. alternative form of -s. Used to form the genitive of many nouns.

§See alsoEdit

• -es-

§PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ɛʃ/

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. (adjective suffix) Added to a noun to form an adjective meaning "having something, a quality".

   kert (“garden”) → kertes (“something with a garden, having a garden”)

2. (noun suffix) Added to a noun to form an occupation or a collective noun.

   perec (“pretzel”) → pereces (“someone who sells pretzels”)

   meggy (“morello, sour cherry”) → meggyes (“cherry orchard”)

3. (number suffix) Added to an ordinal number to form a digit or figure.

   egy (“one”) → egyes (“the digit or figure 1”)

§Usage notesEdit

• (all senses) Harmonic variants:

  -s is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.

  -os is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant

  -as is added to other back vowel words ending in a consonant

  -es is added to unrounded front vowel words ending in a consonant

  -ös is added to rounded front vowel words ending in a consonant

§Derived termsEdit

§See alsoEdit

• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

§PronunciationEdit

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /-eːs/

§SuffixEdit

-ēs f (genitive -is); third declension

1. used to form an abstract noun from a verb root or conceived root form

§Usage notesEdit

The suffix -ēs is added to a verb to create a third-declension feminine abstract noun.

Examples:

sēdēs (“seat”), from sedeō (“I sit”)

caedēs (“slaughter”), from caedō (“I kill, cut”)

§InflectionEdit

Third declension i-stem.

§SynonymsEdit

• -or, -us

§Derived termsEdit

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. Possessive marker, indicating than an object belongs to the noun
2. Used in formation of adverbs, originally from the genitive of masc and neut nouns, but later added also to fem nouns by analogy

   dæges (“days”, adv)

   nihtes (“nights”, adv)

§DescendantsEdit

• English: 's, -s

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. forms the 2^nd-person singular present indicative of 2^nd and 3^rd conjugation verbs
2. forms the 2^nd-person singular present subjunctive of 1^st conjugation verbs
3. forms the 2^nd-person singular negative imperative of 1^st conjugation verbs

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. forms the plural of nouns and adjectives ending in -r, -z, stressed -s and of some ending in -n

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. Suffix indicating the plural of nouns and adjectives ending in certain consonants (most often -l, -r, -n, -d, -z, -j, -s, -x, -ch, with some exceptions).
2. Suffix indicating the second-person singular present indicative of -er and -ir verbs.
3. Suffix indicating the second-person singular present subjunctive of -ar verbs

§See alsoEdit

• -s
• -as
• Rules for pluralizing nouns and adjectives in Spanish (Royal Academy's Diccionario de dudas, en español)

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. Suffix used for marking the passive voice of verbs. This variant is used for the present passive of those verbs of the second and fourth conjugations (weak and strong -er verbs respectively) that have stems ending in s. Other verbs normally take only -s. However, until the middle decades of the 20th century (approximately) it was rule to use -es with all -er verbs, which today is considered archaic. This use may occasionally appear in more modern texts (certain phrases). läsa (“to read”) → läses (“is read”), låsa (“to lock”) → låses (“is locked”)
2. -ese; making a nationality from the name of a country

§Derived termsEdit

§See alsoEdit

• -s

§PronunciationEdit

• IPA^(key): /ɛs/

§SuffixEdit

-es

1. Used to form nouns meaning the female equivalent of.

   athro (“(male) teacher”) → athrawes (“female teacher”)

   cadno (“fox”) → cadnawes (“vixen”)

§Derived termsEdit