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-e

See also: Appendix:Variations of "e"

Contents

CzechEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Used to form adverbs from adjectives.
    jednoduše‎ ― simply (from jednoduchý)

See alsoEdit

DutchEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From various suffixes of the Middle Dutch [Term?] adjective inflection.

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Used to create the inflected form of an adjective, which is used after a definite determiner, or before masculine and feminine nouns in general.

Etymology 2Edit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. suffix indicating the female form of occupations or inhabitants of countries
Dutch words suffixed with -e


Etymology 3Edit

From Middle Dutch -e, from Old Dutch -i, from Proto-Germanic *-į̄.

SuffixEdit

-e f

  1. (archaic) Used to form abstract nouns from adjectives; the nouns express the quality of the adjective.
    koud ‎(“cold”) → koude ‎(“the cold”)
SynonymsEdit

Etymology 4Edit

From Middle Dutch -e, the ending of the first and third person singular subjunctive.

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. (archaic) Used to form the singular subjunctive of a verb.

EsperantoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From the Latin and Italian adverbial suffix -e (as in bene "well"), perhaps reinforced by the Russian adverbial -e found after a palatalized consonant.

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. -ly; used to form adverbs.
    bona ‎(“good”) → bone ‎(“well”)
    unu ‎(“one”) → unue ‎(“firstly”)
  2. -e is the ending for correlatives of place

Derived termsEdit

Terms derived from -e

EstonianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *-ek and Proto-Finnic *-eh. Cognate to Finnish -e.

SuffixEdit

-e ‎(genitive -e, partitive -et)

  1. Derives nouns from verbs.
    katma "to cover" → kate "cover"
    astuma "to step" → aste "a step"
    võtma "to take" → võte "trick", "mode", "way"
    mõtlema "to think" → mõte "thought"

Derived termsEdit

Estonian words suffixed with -e


FinnishEdit

PronunciationEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Finnic *-ek and Proto-Finnic *-eh.

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Used for forming nouns from verbs or adjectives.
    ottaa ‎(“to take (hold of)”) → ote ‎(“grip”)
    paha ‎(“bad, evil”) → pahe ‎(“vice”)
    ääntää ‎(“to pronounce, enunciate”) → äänne ‎(“sound (in phonetics)”)

DeclensionEdit

Inflection of -e (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative -e -eet
genitive -een -eiden
-eitten
partitive -etta -eita
illative -eeseen -eisiin
-eihin
singular plural
nominative -e -eet
accusative nom. -e -eet
gen. -een
genitive -een -eiden
-eitten
partitive -etta -eita
inessive -eessa -eissa
elative -eesta -eista
illative -eeseen -eisiin
-eihin
adessive -eella -eilla
ablative -eelta -eilta
allative -eelle -eille
essive -eena -eina
translative -eeksi -eiksi
instructive — -ein
abessive -eetta -eitta
comitative — -eineen
Inflection of -e (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation)
nominative -e -eet
genitive -een -eiden
-eitten
partitive -että -eitä
illative -eeseen -eisiin
-eihin
singular plural
nominative -e -eet
accusative nom. -e -eet
gen. -een
genitive -een -eiden
-eitten
partitive -että -eitä
inessive -eessä -eissä
elative -eestä -eistä
illative -eeseen -eisiin
-eihin
adessive -eellä -eillä
ablative -eeltä -eiltä
allative -eelle -eille
essive -eenä -einä
translative -eeksi -eiksi
instructive — -ein
abessive -eettä -eittä
comitative — -eineen

Derived termsEdit

Finnish words suffixed with -e


See alsoEdit

FrenchEdit

SuffixEdit

-e f

  1. Used to form the feminine of adjectives.
    fort + -e → forte

GermanEdit

PronunciationEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. used to form nouns from adjectives, sometimes with umlaut of the root vowel; the nouns express the quality of the adjective
    stark ‎(“strong”) → Stärke ‎(“strength”)
  2. used to form the plural of some nouns, sometimes with umlaut of the root vowel
    Laut ‎(“sound”) → Laute ‎(“sounds”)
    Baum ‎(“tree”) → Bäume ‎(“trees”)
  3. used to form the dative of masculine and neuter nouns ending in a stressed syllable (dated except in certain fixed phrases)
    das Haus ‎(“house”) → dem Hause / dem Haus
  4. used to form the 1st person singular present indicative and subjunctive of a verb
    gehen (geh + en) → ich gehe (geh + e) / ich geh
  5. used to form the 3rd person singular present subjunctive of a verb
    gehen → er gehe
  6. used to form the 1st and 3rd person singular past subjunctive of a verb
    gehen → ich ginge, er ginge (ging + e)
  7. (collquial) contraction of du after 2nd person singular forms of a verb
    haben → haste (hast du)

HungarianEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Alternative formsEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. whether, if
    Nem tudom, voltál-e már Budapesten.‎ ― I don't know if you've ever been in Budapest.
  2. Suffix for tag (yes/no) questions.
    1857, János Arany, A walesi bárdok (The Bards of Wales)
    Van-e ott folyó és földje jó?‎ ― Is there a river and is its land good?
    Legelőin fű kövér‎ ― Are the grasses rich on its meadows?
    Használt-e a megöntözés:‎ ― Was the watering useful (i.e. to the meadows):
    A pártos honfivér?‎ ― The rebel's blood?
Usage notesEdit

Always written with a hyphen. Used in tag (yes/no) questions, but not all such questions use -e: in most cases a question is indicated only by emphasis and question mark. Always attached to the main word (usually the verb) of the predicate of the phrase.

Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. (possessive suffix) his, her, its (third-person singular, single possession}}
    élet ‎(“life”) → az élete ‎(“his/her/its life”)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative -e —
accusative -ét —
dative -ének —
instrumental -ével —
causal-final -éért —
translative -évé —
terminative -éig —
essive-formal -eként —
essive-modal -éül —
inessive -ében —
superessive -én —
adessive -énél —
illative -ébe —
sublative -ére —
allative -éhez —
elative -éből —
delative -éről —
ablative -étől —
Usage notesEdit
  • (possessive suffix) Variants:
    -a is added to back vowel words ending in a consonant
    -e is added to front vowel words ending in a consonant
    -ja is added to back vowel words ending in a consonant or a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
    -je is added to front vowel words ending in a consonant or a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.

See alsoEdit

IdoEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Esperanto -e, from Latin -ē.

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. -ly; used to form suffixes

Usage notesEdit

Any adjective can be converted into an adverb by swapping the -a suffix by -e.

IrishEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Alternative form of -ne (used after -nn in pronouns)

ItalianEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Used with a stem to form the third-person present of regular -ere verbs and those -ire verbs that don't take "isco"

JapaneseEdit

RomanizationEdit

-e

  1. rōmaji reading of え

LatinEdit

Etymology 1Edit

This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology Scriptorium.

PronunciationEdit

SuffixEdit

-ē ‎(comparative -ius, superlative -issimē)

  1. -ly; used to form adverbs from adjectives.
Usage notesEdit

The suffix -e is usually added to a first/second-declension adjective stem to form an adverb of manner.

Examples:
clare ‎(“famously, clearly”), from clarus ‎(“famous, clear”)
pulchre ‎(“beautifully”), from pulcher ‎(“beautiful”)
SynonymsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

A regularly declined form of -us.

PronunciationEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. vocative masculine singular of -us

See alsoEdit

Latin words suffixed with -e


LatvianEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Used to derive feminine nouns from masculine nouns (like English -ess).
  2. Used to form (feminine) nouns from verb stems (e.g, iestādīt → iestāde, skatīt → skate).

SynonymsEdit

Related termsEdit

Femine suffixes that include -e:

Derived termsEdit

Latvian words suffixed with -e


MaquiritariEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Adverbalizing suffix for verbs which results in a participle form; it is always accompanied by the prefix t- and an indicator referring to one of the arguments of the verb (w-, n-, or ∅-)
  2. Marker of circumstantial subordination of movement which indicates the reason for the movement described by the main verb

ReferencesEdit

  • Cáceres, Natalia. Grammaire Fonctionelle-Typologique du Ye'kwana.

Middle DutchEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Dutch -i, from Proto-Germanic *-į̄.

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Used to form abstract nouns from adjectives, mostly those expressing physical properties.

Usage notesEdit

This suffix originally triggered umlaut of the root vowel. This is seen in some words (kelde, from cout), but not in others (coude).

SynonymsEdit

Derived termsEdit

Category Middle Dutch words suffixed with -e not found


DescendantsEdit

  • Dutch: -e

Old EnglishEdit

EtymologyEdit

From West Germanic *-ā, from Proto-Germanic *-ê, which survives otherwise only in Gothic (and possibly Old Norse).

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. forming adverbs from adjectives; -ly

Derived termsEdit

Old English words suffixed with -e


Old FrenchEdit

EtymologyEdit

Latin -a.

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. used to form feminine forms of nouns and adjectives

DescendantsEdit

  • Middle French: -e
    • French: -e

RomanianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Latin -ae ‎(“first-declension ending”)

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. (plural) -s (feminine/neuter)
Usage notesEdit
  • This form of the plural is indefinite, and used for feminine nouns in the nominative/accusative and genitive/dative cases which end in -ă, and some neuter nouns (with may or may not take plural -uri):
  • mame, from mamă, fem.
  • vise (also visuri), from vis, neut.
Alternative formsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

From Latin -e ‎(“second-declension vocative ending”)

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Vocative singular (masculine/neuter)
Oh!
Usage notesEdit
  • This suffixed used with masculine and neuter definite nouns in -l and -ul:
bărbatule!, from bărbatul, masc.
tatăle!, from tatăl, masc.
visule!, from visul, neut.
  • This suffix is absorbed in masculine and neuter definite nouns in -le:
fratele!, from fratele, masc.
numele!, from numele, neut.
Related termsEdit

Etymology 3Edit

From Latin -ere, the ending of the present active infinitive form of third conjugation verbs. Cognate with Spanish -er, Italian -ere, etc.

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. A suffix forming infinitives of many verbs.
Related termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Serbo-CroatianEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Slavic *-ę.

SuffixEdit

-e (Cyrillic spelling -е)

  1. Suffix appended to words to create a neuter noun, usually denoting a young animal, plant, place name or is used as a collective noun.
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
DeclensionEdit
Nouns denoting inanimate objects
singular plural
nominative -e -eta
genitive -ta -etā
dative -etu -etima
accusative -e -eta
vocative -e -eta
locative -etu -etima
instrumental -etom -etima
Nouns denoting animate objects
singular plural
nominative -e -ad
genitive -ta -adi
dative -etu -adi
accusative -e -ad
vocative -e -adi
locative -etu -adi
instrumental -etom -ađu / -adi

Etymology 2Edit

SuffixEdit

-e (Cyrillic spelling -е)

  1. Suffix appended to the truncated stem (up to the second syllable) of a proper name to create a masculine or feminine hypocoristic.
    Katarína — Káte
    Màrija — Máre
    Jȕrāj — Júre
    Màtija — Máte

Etymology 3Edit

From Proto-Slavic *-e, from Proto-Indo-European *-e, not a desinence per se but a thematic vowel in e-grade.

SuffixEdit

-e (Cyrillic spelling -е)

  1. Suffix appended to the nominal stem to create vocative singular. Used for masculine and neuter a-stems.
    vȗk — vȗče (vocative singular)

See alsoEdit

SwedishEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. Conjugates verbs into the subjunctive mood (archaic except for the past subjunctive of vara: vore)
  2. Marker of definiteness on past participles ending in -ad
  3. Marker of plural on past participles ending in -ad
  4. Marker of definiteness on superlatives ending in -ast
  5. Marker of definiteness on adjectives describing nouns with masculine semantic gender (sex)

TurkishEdit

SuffixEdit

-e

  1. to (puts the word into the dative case)

Alternative formsEdit

TzotzilEdit

CliticEdit

-e

  1. Phrase-final clitic used when an article precedes a word.
    ti vinike - the man

ReferencesEdit

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Last edited on 9 August 2016, at 18:15