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Terms edit

Greek English
αδυνατός  weak, clitic
αλληλοπαθής  reciprocal ~reflexive
αναφορικός  relative
αόριστος  indefinite
αυτοπαθής  reflexive
δεικτικός  demonstrative
δυνατός  strong, emphatic
ερωτηματικός  interrogative
κτητικός  possessive
οριστικός  definite
προσωπικός  personal

List edit

Greek English
αλλήλους  each other, one another reciprocal, reflexive
αλλήλων  each other, one another reciprocal, reflexive
άλλος  -η -ο else more, different indefinite
άλλος  -η -ο other indefinite
αμφότεροι  -ες -α both el και οι δύο = both
απατός  -η -ο only
αυτός  -η -ο he, she, it personal el = αύτος
αυτός  -η -ο this demonstrative el = αύτος
δαύτος  cf αύτος
δείνα  +art so and so, such and such indefinite (specific)
δικός  +ppp my own possessive (emphatic)
εαυ 
εαυτού  self reflexive ο εαυτόυ μου=myself
εαυτόυ  myself, yourself, himself τούτος ο εαυτόυ μου/σου/του
εγώ , εμένα … I personal (emphatic)
εγώ , εσύ … I personal (emphatic)
εδικός  el δικός
είδος 
έκαστος  each
εκείνος  -η -ο en|that}} demonstrative
ελόγου μου  I myself
εμάς 
εμένα 
εμείς 
ένα 
ένας  εσένα, εσείς, εσάς someone, an indefinite (specific)
ένας , μία/μια, ένα someone, an indefinite
ένιοι 
εσάς 
εσένα 
εσείς 
εσύ  personal
ετούτος  τούτος
ήτις  οποία (kath)
ίδιος  -α -ο myself, itslef definite/intensive
ίδιος  -α -ο the same, identical definite/intensive
ίντα  τι (Crete
κάθε  each, every
καθέν  καθένα
καθένας  καθεμία καθεμιά καθένα each, each one, every one, no one, nobody indefinite/universal
καθείς  any, anyone, no, no one καθένας
καθετί  everything, each thing
καθόλου  any, none at all
καμία  -ιά
καμμία  -ιά
κάμποσος  -η -ο a fair number
κάνα  el κανένα
κάνας 
κανένα 
κανένας  κανείς καμιά, καμία κανένα κάνα
κανμία 
κάποιος  -α -ο someone, somebody
κάτι  some, something
κατιτί  something
κείνος  εκείνος
με  μου, μας me my σου του
μένα 
μερικοί  -ές -ά some
μηδείς 
μηδεμία 
μία  μια
μόνος  -η -ο on his/my/its own μόνος του, μόνη μου, μόνο του
οίος  lit
οιοσδήποτε  οποιοσδήποτε lit
ολόκληρος  -α -ο whole
όλος  all
όπερ 
όποιος  -α -ο
οποίος  -α -ο who, which, that
οποιοσδήποτε  anybody, anone whatever οποιαδήποτε οποιοδήποτε
οπού 
οπόσος 
οσεσδήποτε 
οσηδήποτε 
όσος  -η -ο however many/much, those who, as much as, as many as
οσοσδήποτε  any amount whatever of
όστις 
ό,τι  that which, what
ότι 
ο,τιδήποτε  anything whatever
ότινος 
ότου 
ουδείς  κανείς/κανένας
ούτος 
παν  everything, everyone
πάντες  everything, everyone
πας  πασα παν
πασαένας 
ποιος  -α -ο who, which
πόσος  -η -ο how much, how many
πότερος 
που  who, whom, that
σε  σου, σας you, your
σένα  εσένα
σεις 
συ 
τ' 
τάδε  +art so and so, such and such δείνα
τάδες 
ταμπάχανο 
τέτοιος  -α -ο such a
τι  τ' what
τιν 
τίνος  -ων origin/ownership gen for ποιος
τίποτα  inv anything, nothing
τίποτε  inv anything, nothing
τοιούτος 
τόσος  -η -ο so, as; so much, so many
τοσούτος 
τουθόπερ 
τούτος  -η -ο this one
τση 
τσοι 
υμέτερος 


The sources shown under Bibliography were used to classify the Greek pronouns listed here, only where there is a substantial difference between souces are they identified by superscript reference.

Contrastive pronouns edit

These contrast one person or thing with another.(ref 2)

  • άλλος -η -ο (állos -i -o, other)
    • Άλλο βιβλίο έχετε;Állo vivlío échete?Have you got another book?
    • Δώσε μου το άλλο βιβλίο.Dóse mou to állo vivlío.Give me the other book.
    • Δώσε μου άλλα τρία βιβλία.Dóse mou álla tría vivlía.Give me three more books.
    • Δώσε μου τρία άλλα βιβλία.Dóse mou tría álla vivlía.Give me three different books.
    • Δώσε μου τα άλλα βιβλία.Dóse mou ta álla vivlía.Give me the other books.
    • Ο άνθρωπος που ήρθε ήταν άλλος.O ánthropos pou írthe ítan állos.The man who came was someone else.
    • Δεν υπάρχει κανένας άλλος.Den ypárchei kanénas állos.There is no one else.

Correlative pronouns (Συσχετικές αντωνυμιές) edit

These pronouns, which correspond with a previous pronoun (indefinite, demonstrative, relative, interrogative).[1]


Definite pronouns (Οριστικές αντωνυμιές) edit

These pronouns further define a noun or pronoun[2][1], they are sometimes referred to as "intensive pronouns"[3]


Demonstrative pronouns (Δεικτικές αντωνυμιές) edit

Sometimes known as a quantitative pronoun[3] τόσος -η -ο (tósos -i -o, so much, as many)


Indefinite pronouns (αόριστες αντωνυμιές) edit

  • άλλος -η -ο has contrastive(ref 2) properties.
  • κανείς, καμιά, καθένα/κάνα (kaneís, kamiá, kathéna/kána) a more formal alternative to κανένας (kanénas).
  • κανένας, καμιά, καθένα/κάνα and its more formal alternative κανείς (kaneís) can be classified as non-specific(ref 2).
    • Δεν υπάρχει κανένας άλλος.Den ypárchei kanénas állos.There is no one else.
  • κάτι — also classified as specific(ref 2), this pronoun is indeclinable and has a stylistic alternative to κατιτί (katití).
  • κατιτί — also classified as assertive(ref 2) this pronoun is indeclinable and is used as a stylistic alternative to κάτι (káti).
  • τίποτα and its less common alternative τίποτε (típote) these indeclinable ppronouns can be classified as non-specific(ref 2).

Interrogative pronouns (Ερωτηματικές αντωνυμιές) edit


Personal pronouns (Προσωπικές αντωνυμιές) edit

Strong or emphatic (δυνατός)
Weak or clitic (αδυνατός)

Possessive pronouns (Κτητικές αντωνυμιές) edit

Emphatic[3]

Reflexive pronouns (Αυτοπαθείς αντωνυμιές) edit


Relative pronouns (Αναφορικές αντωνυμιές) edit

Also known as correlative[3]

Can be further classified[1]:

Indefinite
Very indefinite
Quantitative

Quantifiers edit

xxx[3]


Determiner edit

This pronoun is sometimes classified as a determiner.[3]


Bibliography edit

  1. Tsiotsiou-Moore, Maria (2002) A Basic Grammar of Modern Greek, Thessaloniki: University Studio Press
  2. Holton, David, Mackridge, Peter, Philippaki-Warburton, Irene (1997) Greek: A Comprehensive Grammar of the Modern Language, London: Routledge
  3. Triandaphyllidis, Manolis A, translated by: Burke, John B (2002) Concise Modern Greek Grammar [Μικρή Νεοελληνική Γραμματική], Thessaloniki: Institute of Modern Greek Studies
  4. Holton, David, Mackridge, Peter, Philippaki-Warburton, Irene (2004) Greek: An Essential Grammar of the Modern Language, London: Routledge

Emphatic or strong forms edit

Clitic or weak forms edit

Possessive pronouns edit

Reflexive pronouns edit

Definite pronouns edit

Demonstrative pronouns edit

Relative pronouns edit

Interrogative pronouns edit

Indefinite pronouns edit

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  2. ^ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named tsiot
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named holt