film
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English filme, from Old English filmen (“film, membrane, thin skin, foreskin”), from Proto-Germanic *filminją (“thin skin, membrane”) (compare Proto-Germanic *felma- (“skin, hide”)), from Proto-Indo-European *pél-mo- (“membrane”), from *pel- (“to cover, skin”). Cognate with Old Frisian filmene (“thin skin, human skin”), Dutch vel (“sheet, skin”), German Fell (“skin, hide, fur”), Swedish fjäll (“fur blanket, cloth, scale”), Norwegian fille (“rag, cloth”), Lithuanian plėvē (“membrane, scab”), Russian плева́ (plevá, “membrane”), Ancient Greek πέλμα (pélma, “sole of the foot”). More at fell. Sense of a thin coat of something is 1577, extended by 1845 to the coating of chemical gel on photographic plates. By 1895 this also meant the coating plus the paper or celluloid.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film (countable and uncountable, plural films)
- A thin layer of some substance; a pellicle; a membranous covering, causing opacity.
- a clear plastic film for wrapping food
- 1712 (date written), Alexander Pope, “Messiah. A Sacred Eclogue, in Imitation of Virgil’s Pollio.”, in The Works of Alexander Pope Esq. […], London: […] J[ohn] and P[aul] Knapton, H. Lintot, J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, and S. Draper, published 1751, OCLC 1006960022, lines 39–40, page 40:
- He from thick films ſhall purge the viſual ray, / And on the ſightleſs eye-ball pour the day: […]
- (photography) A medium used to capture images in a camera.
- (uncountable) A visual art form that consists of a sequence of still images preserved on a recording medium to give the illusion of motion; movies generally.
- 2014 March 3, Zoe Alderton, “‘Snapewives’ and ‘Snapeism’: A Fiction-Based Religion within the Harry Potter Fandom”, in Religions[1], volume 5, number 1, MDPI, DOI: , pages 219-257:
- Despite personal schisms and differences in spiritual experience, there is a very coherent theology of Snape shared between the wives. To examine this manifestation of religious fandom, I will first discuss the canon scepticism and anti-Rowling sentiment that helps to contextualise the wider belief in Snape as a character who extends beyond book and film.
- A slender thread, such as that of a cobweb.
- c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene iv]:
- Her whip of cricket's bone, the lash of film.
SynonymsEdit
- (motion picture): movie
Derived termsEdit
- action film
- adult film
- art film
- blood film
- blue film
- bold film
- buddy film
- Carry On film
- cine film
- ciné film
- cling film
- cult film
- disaster film
- dry film thickness
- exploitation film
- feature film
- file film
- film at 11
- film at eleven
- film badge
- film badge holder
- film blanc
- film crew
- film director
- film horse
- film industry
- film library
- film maker
- film making
- film out
- film projector
- film punctuation
- film school
- film set
- film speed
- film star
- film stock
- film strip
- film studies
- film-craft
- film-goer
- film-maker
- film-set
- filmic
- filmmaker
- filmmaking
- filmography
- filmology
- filmy
- genre film
- horror film
- image film
- Langmuir-Blodgett film
- on film
- package film
- pink film
- popcorn film
- portmanteau film
- road film
- short film
- silent film
- slasher film
- snuff film
- soap film
- sound film
- stag film
- tentpole film
- theatrical film
- thesis film
- thin film
- thin-film
- thin-film interference
- thin-film transistor
- war film
- λ/4 film
DescendantsEdit
- → Arabic: فِلْم (film)
- → Catalan: film
- → Crimean Tatar: film
- → French: film (see there for further descendants)
- → Galician: filme
- → German: Film
- → Hindi: फ़िल्म (film)
- → Hungarian: film
- → Italian: film
- → Japanese: フィルム (firumu)
- → Lao: ຟີມ (fīm)
- → Norman: film
- → Polish: film
- → Portuguese: filme
- → Punjabi: ਫ਼ਿਲਮ (filam)
- → Russian: фильм (filʹm) (see there for further descendants)
- → Scottish Gaelic: film
- → Serbo-Croatian: фи̏лм / fȉlm
- → Spanish: filme
- → Thai: ฟิล์ม (fim)
- → Urdu: فلم (film)
- → Welsh: ffilm
- → Chinese: 菲林 (fēilín)
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
VerbEdit
film (third-person singular simple present films, present participle filming, simple past and past participle filmed)
- (transitive, intransitive) To record (activity, or a motion picture) on photographic film.
- A Hollywood studio was filming on location in NYC.
- I tried to film the UFO as it passed overhead.
- 2021 June 30, Tim Dunn, “How we made... Secrets of the London Underground”, in RAIL, number 934, pages 49-50:
- It was truly one of the most horrific filming experiences of my career there, contrasting neatly with some of the best of my career - filming in various off-limits storerooms at LTM's Acton Depot.
- (transitive, intransitive) To visually record (activity, or a motion picture) in general, with or without sound.
- (transitive) To cover or become covered with a thin skin or pellicle.
- c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act III, scene iv], line 146:
- It will but skin and film the ulcerous place.
- 2012, Nathan Archer, Valhalla:
- Her legs folded under her, and her eyes filmed over.
TranslationsEdit
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AnagramsEdit
AfrikaansEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Dutch film, from English film, or borrowed from English film.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film (plural films)
AlbanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French film, from English film.
NounEdit
film m (indefinite plural filma, definite singular filmi, definite plural filmat)
DeclensionEdit
AzerbaijaniEdit
Cyrillic | филм | |
---|---|---|
Perso-Arabic | فیلم |
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film (definite accusative filmi, plural filmlər)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of film | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | film |
filmlər | ||||||
definite accusative | filmi |
filmləri | ||||||
dative | filmə |
filmlərə | ||||||
locative | filmdə |
filmlərdə | ||||||
ablative | filmdən |
filmlərdən | ||||||
definite genitive | filmin |
filmlərin |
CatalanEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film m (plural films)
- film (a movie)
- Synonym: pel·lícula
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “film” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Crimean TatarEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
film
- film (clarification of this definition is needed)
DeclensionEdit
nominative | film |
---|---|
genitive | filmniñ |
dative | filmge |
accusative | filmni |
locative | filmde |
ablative | filmden |
ReferencesEdit
CzechEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film m inan
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
DanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film c (singular definite filmen, plural indefinite film)
- a movie, a film, motion picture
- film; a thin layer
- plural indefinite of film
InflectionEdit
Derived termsEdit
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film m (plural films, diminutive filmpje n)
- A film, thin layer or membrane; especially the physical medium film.
- A film production, movie
- (uncountable) The movie sector, cinema.
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
EstonianEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
film (genitive filmi, partitive filmi)
- film (motion picture)
- photographic film
DeclensionEdit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | film | filmid |
genitive | filmi | filmide |
partitive | filmi | filme / filmisid |
illative | filmi / filmisse | filmidesse / filmesse |
inessive | filmis | filmides / filmes |
elative | filmist | filmidest / filmest |
allative | filmile | filmidele / filmele |
adessive | filmil | filmidel / filmel |
ablative | filmilt | filmidelt / filmelt |
translative | filmiks | filmideks / filmeks |
terminative | filmini | filmideni |
essive | filmina | filmidena |
abessive | filmita | filmideta |
comitative | filmiga | filmidega |
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film m (plural films)
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “film”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
GermanEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
VerbEdit
film
HungarianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from English film.[1]
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film (countable and uncountable, plural filmek)
- (photography) film (a medium used to capture images in a camera)
- film, movie, motion picture, picture (a recorded sequence of images displayed on a screen at a rate sufficiently fast to create the appearance of motion)
- film, cinematic art, cinema, cinematography (the art of making films and movies)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | film | filmek |
accusative | filmet | filmeket |
dative | filmnek | filmeknek |
instrumental | filmmel | filmekkel |
causal-final | filmért | filmekért |
translative | filmmé | filmekké |
terminative | filmig | filmekig |
essive-formal | filmként | filmekként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | filmben | filmekben |
superessive | filmen | filmeken |
adessive | filmnél | filmeknél |
illative | filmbe | filmekbe |
sublative | filmre | filmekre |
allative | filmhez | filmekhez |
elative | filmből | filmekből |
delative | filmről | filmekről |
ablative | filmtől | filmektől |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
filmé | filmeké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
filméi | filmekéi |
Possessive forms of film | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | filmem | filmjeim |
2nd person sing. | filmed | filmjeid |
3rd person sing. | filmje | filmjei |
1st person plural | filmünk | filmjeink |
2nd person plural | filmetek | filmjeitek |
3rd person plural | filmjük | filmjeik |
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Tótfalusi, István. Idegenszó-tár: Idegen szavak értelmező és etimológiai szótára (’A Storehouse of Foreign Words: an explanatory and etymological dictionary of foreign words’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2005. →ISBN
Further readingEdit
- film in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
IndonesianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From earlier pilem, from Dutch film, from English film.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film (first-person possessive filmku, second-person possessive filmmu, third-person possessive filmnya)
- film,
- a thin layer of some substance; a pellicle; a membranous covering, causing opacity.
- (photography) a medium used to capture images in a camera.
- a movie, a motion picture, a recorded sequence of images displayed on a screen at a rate sufficiently fast to create the appearance of motion.
Alternative formsEdit
- filem (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)
Affixed termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “film” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
ItalianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Unadapted borrowing from English film.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film m (invariable)
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
Further readingEdit
- film in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
NormanEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
film m (plural films)
Norwegian BokmålEdit
NounEdit
film m (definite singular filmen, indefinite plural filmer, definite plural filmene)
- a film (for taking photographs in a camera)
- a film (thin material, layer or coating)
- a film, movie (cinematic production)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
VerbEdit
film
- imperative of filme
ReferencesEdit
- “film” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian NynorskEdit
NounEdit
film m (definite singular filmen, indefinite plural filmar, definite plural filmane)
- a film (for taking photographs in a camera)
- a film (thin material, layer or coating)
- a film, movie (cinematic production)
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “film” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film m inan (diminutive filmik)
- film, movie, motion picture
- film (medium used to capture images in a camera)
DeclensionEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
PortugueseEdit
NounEdit
film m (plural filmes)
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French film or German Film, from English film.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film n (plural filme)
DeclensionEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Romanian vocabulary. In: Haspelmath, M. & Tadmor, U. (eds.) World Loanword Database. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.
Scottish GaelicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From English film, from Middle English filme, from Old English filmen (“film, membrane, thin skin, foreskin”), from Proto-Germanic *filminją (“thin skin, membrane”), from Proto-Indo-European *pél-mo- (“membrane”), from *pel- (“to cover, skin”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film m (genitive singular film, plural filmichean)
MutationEdit
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
film | fhilm |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Serbo-CroatianEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
fȉlm m (Cyrillic spelling фи̏лм)
- film (photography)
- film (motion picture)
DeclensionEdit
SlovakEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film m (genitive singular filmu, nominative plural filmy, genitive plural filmov, declension pattern of dub)
- photographic film
- movie, motion picture
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- film in Slovak dictionaries at slovnik.juls.savba.sk
SpanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film m (plural films)
- Alternative spelling of filme (film, motion picture)
Further readingEdit
- “film”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
SwedishEdit
PronunciationEdit
audio (file)
NounEdit
film c
DeclensionEdit
Declension of film | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | film | filmen | filmer | filmerna |
Genitive | films | filmens | filmers | filmernas |
Related termsEdit
- barnfilm
- dokumentärfilm
- filma
- filmaffisch
- filmarbetare
- filmare
- filmarkiv
- filmateljé
- filmatisera
- filmatisering
- filmatisk
- filmbearbetning
- filmbild
- filmbolag
- filmbranschen
- filmcensur
- filmdebut
- filmduk
- filmepisod
- filmfars
- filmfestival
- filmfotograf
- filmföreställning
- filmförevisning
- filmgala
- filmhistoria
- filmhistorisk
- filmhjälte
- filmidol
- filmindustri
- filminspelning
- filmintresse
- filmintresserad
- filmisk
- filmkamera
- filmkanal
- filmkarriär
- filmkassett
- filmklipp
- filmklubb
- filmkomedi
- filmkomiker
- filmkonst
- filmkontrakt
- filmkritik
- filmkritiker
- filmkrönika
- filmkunskap
- filmkännare
- filmmakare
- filmmanus
- filmmanuskript
- filmmogul
- filmmusik
- filmning
- filmografi
- filmotek
- filmpolitik
- filmpolitiker
- filmpolitisk
- filmpremiär
- filmpris
- filmproducent
- filmproduktion
- filmprojekt
- filmprojektor
- filmrecensent
- filmrecension
- filmregi
- filmregissör
- filmremsa
- filmroll
- filmrulle
- filmrättigheter
- filmsal
- filmsamling
- filmsammanhang
- filmscen
- filmsekvens
- filmskapare
- filmskådespelare
- filmskådespelerska
- filmskådis
- filmsnutt
- filmstjärna
- filmstjärneleende
- filmstudio
- filmsuccé
- filmsvit
- filmsynopsis
- filmteam
- filmteknik
- filmterm
- filmtitel
- filmupptagning
- filmvamp
- filmversion
- filmvetenskap
- filmvisning
- filmvärld
- filmvåld
- filmälskare
- färgfilm
- kortfilm
- långfilm
- mastodontfilm
- oljefilm
- spelfilm
- stumfilm
ReferencesEdit
TurkishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French film, from English film.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
film (definite accusative filmi, plural filmler)
DeclensionEdit
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | film | |
Definite accusative | filmi | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | film | filmler |
Definite accusative | filmi | filmleri |
Dative | filme | filmlere |
Locative | filmde | filmlerde |
Ablative | filmden | filmlerden |
Genitive | filmin | filmlerin |
Derived termsEdit
- " streç film" — Light, transparent plastic film used as a wrapping for food etc. —"clingfilm", Saran Wrap (US)
UzbekEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Russian фильм (filʹm), from English film.
NounEdit
film (plural filmlar)