Wiktionary

ost

See also: Ost, OST, ôt, öst, øst, osť, -ost, and -osť

English edit

Noun edit

ost (plural osts)

  1. Obsolete form of oast.

References edit

Anagrams edit

Danish edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Danish oost, Old Norse ostr, from Proto-Germanic *jūstaz, *justaz.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈost/, [ˈɔ̝sd̥], [ˈɔ̽st]

Noun edit

ost c (singular definite osten, plural indefinite oste)

  1. cheese
Inflection edit
Declension of ost
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ost osten oste ostene
genitive osts ostens ostes ostenes
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Middle Low German ōst (“east”), from Proto-Germanic *austrą. Cognate of Danish øster, Danish øst.

Pronunciation edit

Adverb edit

ost

  1. (obsolete) east

Noun edit

ost

  1. (obsolete) east
Synonyms edit

Etymology 3 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

ost

  1. past participle of ose

Estonian edit

Noun edit

ost (genitive ostu, partitive ostu)

  1. purchase

Declension edit

Declension of ost (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative ost ostud
accusative nom.
gen. ostu
genitive ostude
partitive ostu oste
ostusid
illative ostu
ostusse 		ostudesse
ostesse
inessive ostus ostudes
ostes
elative ostust ostudest
ostest
allative ostule ostudele
ostele
adessive ostul ostudel
ostel
ablative ostult ostudelt
ostelt
translative ostuks ostudeks
osteks
terminative ostuni ostudeni
essive ostuna ostudena
abessive ostuta ostudeta
comitative ostuga ostudega

Further reading edit

  • “ost”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
  • “ost”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
  • ost in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

Faroese edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ost

  1. accusative singular of ostur

French edit

Etymology edit

From Middle French ost, from Old French ost, host, from Latin hostis. An archaic or literary term referring to an army from the Middle Ages, taken from Middle French (i.e. no longer reflecting a popularly inherited form). The modern pronunciation is based on the spelling, differing from the original one, which was /o/. Has survived as an inherited form in the dialects of the Picardy and Maine regions as o (“herd”).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ɔst/
  • Audio (CAN)(file)

Noun edit

ost m (plural osts)

  1. (archaic, literary) host, army

Related terms edit

Further reading edit

Icelandic edit

Noun edit

ost

  1. indefinite accusative singular of ostur

Latvian edit

 
Ost vīnu

Etymology edit

From *uosti, from Proto-Baltic *uod-ti, from *ōd-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (“to smell”). Cognates include Lithuanian úosti, Old Czech jadati (“to explore, to investigate”), Ancient Greek ὄζω (ózō, “to smell”), Latin odōr (“smell”), Albanian amë (“unpleasant smell”).[1]

Pronunciation edit

  This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Verb edit

ost (transitive or intransitive, 1st conjugation, present ožu, od, ož, past odu)

  1. to smell (to perceive an odor)
    ost cepeti ― to smell roast(ed meat)
    ost vīnu ― to smell the wine
    ost spirta smaku ― to smell the odor of alcohol
    strādājot virtuvē, visu laiku redzot, ožot ēdienu, it kā ēstgribas vairs nav ― working in a kitchen, seeing and smelling food all the time, it is as if one no longer had (= could feel) the desire to eat
  2. to smell, to sniff (to inhale air through the nose, usually several times, in order to try to perceive a smell)
    ost ēteri ― to smell ether
    ožamais spirts ― smelling salts, hartshorn (lit. smellable alcohol)
    divi cilvēki, piebāzuši pirkstu galus pie deguna, steidzīgi oda kaut ko baltu kā lauku vecenes šņaucamo tabaku ― two people, bringing the tips of their fingers to their noses, quickly smelled something white, like old women snuffing tobacco in the countryside
  3. (figuratively, colloquial) to smell (to sense, to find out)
    saimnieks jau dabūjis ost, ka tu citu vietu meklējoties ― the landowner has already managed to smell that you are looking for another place
  4. to smell, to stink (to have, to spread a bad, unpleasant smell)
    te ož pēc benzīna ― it smells like gasoline here
    ost pēc ķiplokiem, siļķēm, alus ― to smell like garlic, herring, beer
  5. to smell (to have, to spread a pleasant odor)
    ost pēc odekolona ― to smell like eau-de-cologne
    puķe jauki ož ― the flower smells nice
    nokāpj gravā; ož pēc valgmes un pērnajām lapām ― he goes down the ravine; (there) it smells like dampness and last year's leaves
  6. (figuratively, colloquial) to smell (to suggest, make think of something, usually unpleasant)
    tas jau oda pēc fašisma ― that smelled like fascism

Conjugation edit

conjugation of ost
INDICATIVE (īstenības izteiksme) IMPERATIVE
(pavēles izteiksme)
Present
(tagadne) 		Past
(pagātne) 		Future
(nākotne)
1st pers. sg. es ožu odu odīšu —
2nd pers. sg. tu od odi odīsi od
3rd pers. sg. viņš, viņa ož oda odīs lai ož
1st pers. pl. mēs ožam odām odīsim odīsim
2nd pers. pl. jūs ožat odāt odīsiet,
odīsit 		odiet
3rd pers. pl. viņi, viņas ož oda odīs lai ož
RENARRATIVE (atstāstījuma izteiksme) PARTICIPLES (divdabji)
Present ožot Present Active 1 (Adj.) odošs
Past esot odis Present Active 2 (Adv.) ozdams
Future odīšot Present Active 3 (Adv.) ožot
Imperative lai ožot Present Active 4 (Obj.) ožam
CONDITIONAL (vēlējuma izteiksme) Past Active odis
Present ostu Present Passive ožams
Past būtu odis Past Passive osts
DEBITIVE (vajadzības izteiksme) NOMINAL FORMS
Indicative (būt) jāož Infinitive (nenoteiksme) ost
Conjunctive 1 esot jāož Negative Infinitive neost
Conjunctive 2 jāožot Verbal noun ošana

Synonyms edit

Derived terms edit

prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:

Related terms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “ost”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Middle French edit

Etymology edit

From Old French ost, from Latin hostis.

Noun edit

ost m or f (plural osts)

  1. army

Descendants edit

  • French: ost

References edit

  • ost on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

Norwegian Bokmål edit

 
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology edit

From Danish ost, from Old Norse ostr.

Pronunciation edit

IPA(key): /ust/

Noun edit

ost m (definite singular osten, indefinite plural oster, definite plural ostene)

  1. cheese

Derived terms edit

References edit

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

 
Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse ostr, from Proto-Germanic *justaz.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ost/, /ust/
  • Hyphenation: òst

Noun edit

ost m (definite singular osten, indefinite plural ostar, definite plural ostane)

  1. cheese

Derived terms edit

References edit

Old English edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-West Germanic *ōst.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ōst m

  1. knot in a tree

Declension edit

Declension of ost (strong a-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative ōst ōstas
accusative ōst ōstas
genitive ōstes ōsta
dative ōste ōstum

Old French edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Latin hostis, hostem.

Noun edit

ost m or f

  1. army (armed military force)

Usage notes edit

  • Has a regular declension as both a masculine and a feminine noun
    nominative singular oz, oblique plural oz, nominative plural ost when masculine
    nominative singular ost, oblique plural oz, nominative plural oz when feminine
  • see Appendix:Old French nouns

Descendants edit

  • Middle French: ost
    • French: ost (archaic)

Papiamentu edit

Etymology edit

From Dutch oost.

Adjective edit

ost

  1. east

Romanian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from German Osten.

Noun edit

ost n (plural osturi)

  1. (dated) east

Declension edit

Declension of ost
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) ost ostul (niște) osturi osturile
genitive/dative (unui) ost ostului (unor) osturi osturilor
vocative ostule osturilor

Romansch edit

Etymology edit

From a Germanic language.

Noun edit

ost m (plural osts)

  1. east

Synonyms edit

Antonyms edit

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Slovene edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ostь.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ọ̑st f

  1. sharp tip

Inflection edit

 
 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, i-stem, long mixed accent
nom. sing. óst
gen. sing. ostí
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		óst ostí ostí
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		ostí ostí ostí
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		ôsti ostéma ostém
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		óst ostí ostí
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		ôsti ostéh ostéh
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		ostjó ostéma ostmí

Further reading edit

  • “ost”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Swedish edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Swedish oster, from Old Norse ostr, from Proto-Germanic *justaz, from Proto-Indo-European *yaus-, *yūs-.

Noun edit

ost c

  1. cheese
Declension edit
Declension of ost 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ost osten ostar ostarna
Genitive osts ostens ostars ostarnas
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Alternative forms edit

Adverb edit

ost (not comparable)

  1. east
    Kotka ligger ost om Helsingfors.
    Kotka lies east of Helsinki.

Noun edit

ost c (uncountable)

  1. east
Related terms edit

See also edit

  • (compass points) vädersträck;
nordväst norr
nord 		nordost
nordöst
väster
väst 		  öster
öst
ost
sydväst söder
syd 		sydost
sydöst


References edit

Anagrams edit

Tocharian B edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Tocharian *wɔstä, maybe from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂s-tu-; compare Ancient Greek ἄστυ (ástu, “town”) and Sanskrit वास्तु (vāstu). Compare Tocharian A waṣt.

Noun edit

ost m (gen. s. ostantse, obl. s. ost, nom. pl. ostwa)

  1. house

Usage notes edit

Often found in the phrases ostmeṃ lät- (lit. “leave home”), meaning “to become a (Buddhist) monk”, and ostmeṃ ltu, “Buddhist monk”. This term reflects the Sanskrit equivalent प्रव्रज्य (pravrajya​, “go forth”). Note that a similar expression, probably a calque, is also found in Chinese 出家 (chūjiā, “renounce the family to become a Buddhist monk or nun”).

Vilamovian edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

ost m

  1. bough, branch
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