Wiktionary

योग

See also: युग

Hindi edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Sanskrit योग (yóga), from युनक्ति (yunákti, “to yoke”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm.

Pronunciation edit

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /joːɡ/
  • (Yoga) (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /joː.ɡɑː/, [joː.ɡäː], /joː.ɡᵊ/
  • Rhymes: -oːɡ

Noun edit

योग • (yog) m (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism)

  1. yoga (discipline aiming to train the consciousness)
    मैं प्रतिदिन प्रातः योग करता हूँ।
    ma͠i pratidin prātaḥ yog kartā hū̃.
    I do yoga every morning.
    अमृत योग ― amŕt yog ― "Immortal Yoga"; kind of yoga
    • Manish Verma (2017) योग से जीवन को स्वस्थ बनाएं [yog se jīvan ko svasth banāẽ]
      भारतीय दर्शन में योग एक अति महत्वपूर्ण शब्द है।
      bhārtīya darśan mẽ yog ek ati mahatvapūrṇ śabd hai.
      In the Indian context, yoga is a very important word.
    1. meditation
      Synonym: ध्यान (dhyān)
    2. oneness with Brahma; enlightenment
  2. use, utilization
    Synonyms: उपयोग (upyog), प्रयोग (prayog), इस्तेमाल (istemāl)
    1. benefit
      Synonym: लाभ (lābh)
  3. combination, mixture
    Synonyms: जोड़ (joṛ), मेल (mel), संयोग (sañyog), मिलन (milan)
  4. (mathematics) total, sum
    ४ और ३ का योग ७ है। ― 4 aur 3 kā yog 7 hai. ― 4 + 3 = 7
    Synonym: जोड़ (joṛ)
  5. method, way, path
    ज्ञान योग ― jñān yog ― path to knowledge; concept in Advaita Vedanta school of Hinduism
  6. contribution, help
  7. (astrology) auspicious occasion

Declension edit

Declension of योग (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct योग
yog 		योग
yog
oblique योग
yog 		योगों
yogõ
vocative योग
yog 		योगो
yogo

Derived terms edit

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Alternative scripts

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-European *yówgos, from *yewg- (“to yoke, harness, join”). Compare the verbal root युनक्ति (yunákti, “to yoke”), युग (yugá) (< *yugóm), योगस् (yógas) (< *yéwgos). Cognate with English yoke.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

योग • (yóga) stem, m (Vedic yáuga)

  1. the act of yoking, joining, attaching, harnessing, putting to (of horses)
    • RV 10.39.12c
      आ तेन यातं मनसो जवीयसा रथं यं वां रभवश्चक्रुरश्विना |
      यस्य योगे दुहिता जायते दिव उभे अहनीसुदिने विवस्वतः ||
      ā́ téna yātam mánaso jávīyasā rátʰaṃ yáṃ vām r̥bʰávaś cakrúr aśvinā |
      yásya yóge duhitā́ jā́yate divá ubʰé áhanī sudíne vivásvataḥ ||
      Come on that Chariot which the Rbhus wrought for you, the Chariot, Asvins, that is speedier than thought,
      At harnessing whereof Heaven's Daughter springs to birth, and from Vivasvan come auspicious Night and Day.
  2. yoke, team, vehicle, conveyance
  3. employment, use, application, performance
  4. equipping or arraying (of an army)
  5. fixing (of an arrow on the bow-string)
  6. putting on (of armour)
  7. remedy, cure
  8. means, expedient, device, way, manner, method
  9. supernatural means, charm, incantation, magical art
  10. trick, stratagem, fraud, deceit (compare yoga-nanda)
  11. undertaking, business, work
  12. acquisition, gain, profit, wealth, property
  13. occasion, opportunity
  14. any junction, union, combination, contact with (+instrumental with or without सह (sahá), or compound)
    योगम् (yogam) एति (eti) — to agree, consent, acquiesce in anything
  15. mixing of various materials, mixture
  16. partaking of, possessing (instrumental or compound)
  17. connection, relation (योगात् (yogāt), योगेन (yógena) and योगतस् (yóga-tas) at the end of a compound: in consequence of, on account of, by reason of, according to, through)
  18. putting together, arrangement, disposition, regular succession
  19. fitting together, fitness, propriety, suitability
    योगेन (yógena) and योगतस् (yóga-tas) — suitably, fitly, duly, in the right manner
  20. exertion, endeavour, zeal, diligence, industry, care, attention
    योगतस् (yóga-tas) — strenuously, assiduously
    पूर्णेन योगेन (pūrṇena yogena) — with all one's powers, with overflowing zeal
  21. yoga: application or concentration of the thoughts, abstract contemplation, meditation, (especially) self-concentration, abstract meditation and mental abstraction practised as a system
  22. any simple act or rite conducive to yoga or abstract meditation
  23. Yoga personified (as the son of Dharma and Kriya)
  24. a follower of the yoga system
  25. (in samkhya) the union of soul with matter (one of the 10 मूलिकअर्था (mūlika-arthā)s or radical facts)
  26. (with पाशुपत (pāśupata)s) the union of the individual soul with the universal soul
  27. (with पाञ्चरात्र (pāñcarātra)s) devotion, pious seeking after God
  28. (with जैन (jaina)s) contact or mixing with the outer world
  29. (astronomy) conjunction, lucky conjuncture
  30. (astronomy) a constellation, asterism (these, with the moon, are called चान्द्रयोगाः (cāndra-yogāḥ) and are 13 in number; without the moon they are called खयोगाः (kha-yogāḥ), or नाभसयोगाः (nābhasa-yogāḥ))
  31. (astronomy) the leading or principal star of a lunar asterism
  32. (astronomy) name of a variable division of time (during which the joint motion in longitude of the sun and moon amounts to 13 degrees 20 minutes; there are 27 such yogas beginning with विष्कम्भ (viṣkambha) and ending with वैधृति (vaidhṛti))
  33. (arithmetic) addition, sum, total
  34. (grammar) the connection of words together, syntactical dependence of a word, construction (at the end of a compound = dependent on, ruled by)
  35. (grammar) a combined or concentrated grammatical rule or aphorism
  36. the connection of a word with its root, original or etymological meaning (as opposed to रूढि (rūḍhi))
  37. violator of confidence, spy
  38. name of a scholiast or commentator on the परमार्थसार (paramārthasāra)

Declension edit

Masculine a-stem declension of योग (yóga)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative योगः
yógaḥ 		योगौ / योगा¹
yógau / yógā¹ 		योगाः / योगासः¹
yógāḥ / yógāsaḥ¹
Vocative योग
yóga 		योगौ / योगा¹
yógau / yógā¹ 		योगाः / योगासः¹
yógāḥ / yógāsaḥ¹
Accusative योगम्
yógam 		योगौ / योगा¹
yógau / yógā¹ 		योगान्
yógān
Instrumental योगेन
yógena 		योगाभ्याम्
yógābhyām 		योगैः / योगेभिः¹
yógaiḥ / yógebhiḥ¹
Dative योगाय
yógāya 		योगाभ्याम्
yógābhyām 		योगेभ्यः
yógebhyaḥ
Ablative योगात्
yógāt 		योगाभ्याम्
yógābhyām 		योगेभ्यः
yógebhyaḥ
Genitive योगस्य
yógasya 		योगयोः
yógayoḥ 		योगानाम्
yógānām
Locative योगे
yóge 		योगयोः
yógayoḥ 		योगेषु
yógeṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  • Monier Williams (1899) “योग”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 856/2.
  • Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 417
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