婿
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Translingual edit
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Han character edit
婿 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 女弓人月 (VNOB), four-corner 47427, composition ⿰女胥)
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 266, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6470
- Dae Jaweon: page 533, character 16
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1069, character 14
- Unihan data for U+5A7F
Chinese edit
| trad. | 婿 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 婿 | |
| alternative forms | 壻 聓 聟 | |
Glyph origin edit
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋeːs) : semantic 女 + phonetic 胥 (OC *sŋa, *sŋaʔ).
Attested in Qin materials as ⿰士咠, which is of semantic 士 + phonetic 咠 (OC *ʔsib, *sʰib); the phonetic part is later conflated into 胥 (Li, 2022).
Etymology edit
Reminiscent of Proto-South-Bahnaric *saːj (“to marry; spouse”) (Schuessler, 2007).
The Standard Mandarin pronunciation xù is due to rounding assimilation in the word 女婿 (nǚxu), which generalized to the character reading (Zhou, 1997).
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
婿
Synonyms edit
Compounds edit
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
Readings edit
Etymology 1 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 婿 |
| むこ Grade: S |
| kun’yomi |
| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 壻 聟 |
*/moko/ → *⟨muko1⟩ → */mukʷo/*⟨mo(1)ko1⟩ → */mʷokʷo/[1] → /muko/
Found in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE with the ideographic spelling 聟.[2]
Although the reading muko is not confirmed in Old Japanese documents, the presence of cognate words suggests that this may be from Proto-Japonic *moko (cognate with Okinawan 婿 (mūku), Kunigami 婿 (mufu), Miyako 婿 (muku) and the moko below). This would be the a result of a phonological change, whereby non-final */o/ in Proto-Japonic nouns shifted to become /u/ in Central Old Japanese.
In regard to the derivation, there are some theories proposed, however many of them are associated with the verbs 向かう (mukau, “to go towards”) and 迎える (mukaeru, “to receive”), both derived from 向く (muku, “to turn toward”), from Proto-Japonic *muk-, from the idea of "the facing party, the other person (of a pair)"; see also 向こう (mukō, “the other side, the facing side”). Theories to explain this inconsistency in the proto-forms have not been published yet.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- a husband who has entered his wife's house
- a son-in-law
- a groom, bridegroom (man who is about to get married)
Antonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- 婿養子 (muko yōshi)
- 入り婿 (irimuko)
- 花婿 (hanamuko)
- 娘婿 (musumemuko)
Further reading edit
- Entry at Gogen-Allguide (in Japanese)
Etymology 2 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 婿 |
| もこ Grade: S |
| irregular |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 聟 |
*/moko/ → ⟨mo(1)ko1⟩ → */mʷokʷo/ → /moko/
From other Old Japanese dialects besides Central Old Japanese, with a conserved */o/ as ⟨o1⟩.
Possibly cognate or otherwise related with Old Japanese もこ (mo1ko1, “companion, fellow”).
Noun edit
- (dialectal, Tōhoku, Northern Kantō, Niigata, Nagano, Chūgoku, etc.) Nonstandard form of むこ (muko) above
- 898–901, Shinsen Jikyō:
Etymology 3 edit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 婿 |
| せい Grade: S |
| kan’on |
| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 壻 |
From Middle Chinese 婿 (MC sejH).
Affix edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Frellesvig, B. & Whitman, J. (2008) "The Vowels of Proto-Japanese", Proto-Japanese: Issues and Prospects. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co.
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean edit
Hanja edit
婿 • (seo) (hangeul 서, revised seo, McCune–Reischauer sŏ)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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