擬

See also: 儗 and 拟

擬 U+64EC, 擬 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-64EC ← 擫 [U+64EB] CJK Unified Ideographs 擭 → [U+64ED]

Contents

Translingual

Han character

擬 (radical 64, 手+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 手心大人 (QPKO), four-corner 5708₁, composition ⿰扌疑)

Related characters

• 拟 (Simplified Chinese)

References

• KangXi: page 460, character 17
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12870
• Dae Jaweon: page 809, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1975, character 4
• Unihan data for U+64EC

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Chinese

trad.		擬
simp.		拟

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (疑) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
礙	*ŋɯːs
儗	*ŋɯːs, *hŋɯːs, *ŋɯʔ, *ŋɯs
懝	*ŋɯːs, *ŋɯɡ
譺	*ŋrɯːs, *ŋɯʔ, *ŋɯs
癡	*ŋ̊ʰl'ɯ
疑	*ŋɯ
嶷	*ŋɯ, *ŋɯɡ
觺	*ŋɯ
擬	*ŋɯʔ
薿	*ŋɯʔ, *ŋɯɡ
凝	*ŋrɯŋ, *ŋrɯŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋɯʔ): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 疑 (OC *ŋɯ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): nǐ (ni³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ji⁵, ji⁴
• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): ngi³
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): gí

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngi²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: nǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˇ
    • Wade–Giles: nih³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nii
    • Tongyong Pinyin: nǐ
    • IPA ^(key): /ni˨˩˦/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ji⁵, ji⁴
    • Yale: yíh, yìh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ji⁵, ji⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yi⁵, yi⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /jiː˩˧/, /jiː˨˩/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ngi³
    • IPA: /ɲi˧˩/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gí
    • Tâi-lô: gí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gie
    • IPA (Xiamen): /gi˥˧/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /gi˥˥˦/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /gi˥˧/
    • IPA (Taipei): /gi˥˧/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /gi˦˩/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngi²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngí
    • IPA ^(key): /ŋi⁵²/

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• Middle Chinese: /ŋɨ^X/▼

Rime
Character	擬
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	魚紀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɨX/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɨX/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋieX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɨX/
Li Rong	/ŋiəX/
Wang Li	/ŋĭəX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yǐ

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ](r)əʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋɯʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	擬
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ ngiX ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ](r)əʔ/ (< uvular)
English	estimate, calculate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	擬
Reading #	1/1
No.	14897
Phonetic component	疑
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	擬
Old Chinese	/*ŋɯʔ/

Definitions

擬

1. to draft
2. to intend; to plan; to propose

Compounds

• 不擬／不拟
• 仿擬／仿拟
• 准擬／准拟
• 原擬／原拟
• 如擬／如拟
• 懸擬／悬拟
• 摹擬／摹拟
• 擬人／拟人 (nǐrén)
• 擬人化／拟人化 (nǐrénhuà)
• 擬人法／拟人法
• 擬作／拟作
• 擬具／拟具
• 擬古／拟古
• 擬妥／拟妥
• 擬定／拟定 (nǐdìng)
• 擬就／拟就

• 擬稿／拟稿 (nǐgǎo)
• 擬經／拟经
• 擬聲詞／拟声词 (nǐshēngcí)
• 擬規畫圓／拟规画圆
• 擬訂／拟订 (nǐdìng)
• 擬設／拟设
• 擬請／拟请
• 擬議／拟议 (nǐyì)
• 擬辦／拟办
• 擬音／拟音 (nǐyīn)
• 擬題／拟题
• 構擬／构拟 (gòunǐ)
• 模擬／模拟 (mónǐ)
• 模擬器／模拟器 (mónǐqì)
• 模擬投票／模拟投票

• 模擬演習／模拟演习
• 模擬考試／模拟考试
• 比擬／比拟 (bǐnǐ)
• 準擬／准拟
• 滿擬／满拟
• 無可比擬／无可比拟 (wúkěbǐnǐ)
• 研擬／研拟 (yánnǐ)
• 草擬／草拟 (cǎonǐ)
• 虛擬／虚拟 (xūnǐ)
• 虛擬主機／虚拟主机
• 虛擬實境／虚拟实境
• 虛擬樣品／虚拟样品
• 虛擬空間／虚拟空间 (xūnǐ kōngjiān)
• 虛擬站／虚拟站
• 虛擬診所／虚拟诊所

References

• “擬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

擬

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: ご (go)
• Kan-on: ぎ (gi, Jōyō)
• Kun: まがい (magai, 擬); もどき (modoki, 擬き); なぞらえる (nazoraeru, 擬える); はかる (hakaru, 擬る)

Compounds

• 擬 (ぎ)薬 (やく) (giyaku, “placebo”)

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Korean

Hanja

擬 • (ui) (hangeul 의, revised ui, McCune–Reischauer ŭi, Yale uy)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

擬 (nghĩ, nghỉ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.