擬
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Translingual
editHan character
edit擬 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 手心大人 (QPKO), four-corner 57081, composition ⿰扌疑)
Related characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 460, character 17
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12870
- Dae Jaweon: page 809, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1975, character 4
- Unihan data for U+64EC
Chinese
edittrad. | 擬 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 拟 | |
alternative forms | 儗/拟 |
Glyph origin
editPhono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ŋɯʔ) : semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 疑 (OC *ŋɯ).
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngī
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6gni
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: nǐ
- Wade–Giles: ni3
- Yale: nǐ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nii
- Palladius: ни (ni)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ni²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ji5 / ji4
- Yale: yíh / yìh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji5 / ji4
- Guangdong Romanization: yi5 / yi4
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː¹³/, /jiː²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ngei4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ᵑɡei²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngí
- Hakka Romanization System: ngiˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngi3
- Sinological IPA: /ŋi³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngī
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋi³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: ngiX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ](r)əʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋɯʔ/
Definitions
edit擬
- to compare
- to imitate; to copy; to emulate; to mimic
- to plan; to propose
- to draft; to devise; to draw up
- to presuppose; to hypothesise; to assert
Synonyms
edit- (to compare):
- (to imitate):
- (to plan):
- 作計/作计 (zuòjì) (literary)
- 打算 (dǎsuàn)
- 拍算 (phah-sǹg) (Hokkien, Teochew)
- 拍達/拍达 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 按算 (Hokkien)
- 派胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 準備/准备 (zhǔnbèi)
- 營為/营为 (Hokkien)
- 盤算/盘算
- 策劃/策划 (cèhuà)
- 策動/策动 (cèdòng)
- 算 (suàn)
- 算打 (sáung-dā) (Eastern Min)
- 算計/算计 (suànjì)
- 籌劃/筹划 (chóuhuà)
- 考慮/考虑 (kǎolǜ)
- 規/规 (literary, or in compounds)
- 規劃/规划 (guīhuà)
- 計劃/计划 (jìhuà)
- 計算/计算 (jìsuàn)
- 設/设 (shè)
- 設施/设施 (shèshī) (literary)
- 試圖/试图 (shìtú)
- 謀劃/谋划 (móuhuà)
- (to draft):
- (to presuppose):
- 估計/估计 (gūjì)
- 估量
- 假定 (jiǎdìng)
- 假想 (jiǎxiǎng)
- 假設/假设 (jiǎshè)
- 商量 (shāngliàng) (Classical Chinese)
- 嫌 (xián) (literary, or in compounds)
- 忖度 (cǔnduó) (literary)
- 思裁 (sīcái) (literary)
- 想象 (xiǎngxiàng)
- 懸/悬 (xuán) (literary, or in compounds)
- 懸想/悬想 (xuánxiǎng)
- 懷疑/怀疑 (huáiyí)
- 打估 (Southern Pinghua)
- 推想 (tuīxiǎng)
- 推測/推测 (tuīcè)
- 掠算 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 揣度 (formal)
- 母量 (mu3 liong) (Gan)
- 派胚 (Hokkien)
- 測/测 (cè) (literary, or in compounds)
- 測估/测估 (cègū)
- 測度/测度 (cèduó)
- 測算/测算 (cèsuàn)
- 猜 (cāi)
- 猜度 (cāiduó)
- 猜想 (cāixiǎng)
- 猜摸 (cāimo)
- 猜料 (cāiliào)
- 猜測/猜测 (cāicè)
- 猜詳/猜详 (cāixiáng)
- 算 (suàn)
- 算計/算计 (suànjì)
- 約摸/约摸 (yuēmo)
- 臭疑 (Hokkien)
- 臭青疑 (Hokkien)
- 虛擬/虚拟 (xūnǐ)
- 要約/要约 (iau3 ieh4) (Jin)
- 設/设 (shè)
- 設想/设想 (shèxiǎng)
- 跋胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 辦胚/办胚 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
- 阿合 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
- 青疑 (Hokkien)
- 預計/预计 (yùjì)
Compounds
edit- 不擬/不拟
- 仿擬/仿拟
- 准擬
- 原擬/原拟
- 如擬/如拟
- 懸擬/悬拟
- 摹擬/摹拟 (mónǐ)
- 擬人/拟人 (nǐrén)
- 擬人化/拟人化 (nǐrénhuà)
- 擬人法/拟人法
- 擬作/拟作
- 擬具/拟具
- 擬古/拟古 (nǐgǔ)
- 擬合/拟合 (nǐhé)
- 擬妥/拟妥
- 擬定/拟定 (nǐdìng)
- 擬就/拟就
- 擬核/拟核 (nǐhé)
- 擬稿/拟稿 (nǐgǎo)
- 擬經/拟经
- 擬聲詞/拟声词 (nǐshēngcí)
- 擬規畫圓/拟规画圆
- 擬訂/拟订 (nǐdìng)
- 擬設/拟设
- 擬請/拟请
- 擬議/拟议 (nǐyì)
- 擬辦/拟办
- 擬音/拟音 (nǐyīn)
- 擬題/拟题
- 構擬/构拟 (gòunǐ)
- 模擬/模拟 (mónǐ)
- 模擬器/模拟器 (mónǐqì)
- 模擬投票/模拟投票
- 模擬演習/模拟演习
- 模擬考試/模拟考试
- 比擬/比拟 (bǐnǐ)
- 準擬/准拟 (zhǔnnǐ)
- 滿擬/满拟
- 無可比擬/无可比拟 (wúkěbǐnǐ)
- 研擬/研拟 (yánnǐ)
- 草擬/草拟 (cǎonǐ)
- 虛擬/虚拟 (xūnǐ)
- 虛擬主機/虚拟主机
- 虛擬實境/虚拟实境
- 虛擬樣品/虚拟样品
- 虛擬空間/虚拟空间 (xūnǐ kōngjiān)
- 虛擬站/虚拟站
- 虛擬診所/虚拟诊所
References
edit- “擬”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
editKanji
edit擬
- mimic, imitate
- guess, suspect
- pseudo-, mock-
Readings
edit- Go-on: ご (go)
- Kan-on: ぎ (gi, Jōyō)
- Kun: まがい (magai, 擬); もどく (modoku, 擬く); なぞらえる (nazoraeru, 擬える); はかる (hakaru, 擬る)
Compounds
editKorean
editEtymology
editFrom Middle Chinese 擬 (MC ngiX).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean ᅌᅴᆼ〯 (Yale: ngǔy) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 의 (uy) (Yale: uy) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ɰi]
- Phonetic hangul: [의]
Hanja
editCompounds
editCompounds
- 모의 (模擬, moui, “imitation; simulation”)
- 의성 (擬聲, uiseong, “imitation sound”)
- 의성어 (擬聲語, uiseong'eo, “onomatopoeia”)
- 의태어 (擬態語, uitaeeo, “ideophone”)
- 의인 (擬人, uiin, “personification”)
- 의인화 (擬人化, uiinhwa, “anthropomorphization”)
References
edit- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
editHan character
edit擬: Hán Nôm readings: nghĩ, nghỉ
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ご
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ぎ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading まがい
- Japanese kanji with kun reading もど・く
- Japanese kanji with kun reading なぞら・える
- Japanese kanji with kun reading はか・る
- Korean terms derived from Middle Chinese
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