plan
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French plan (“a ground-plot of a building”), from plan (“flat”), a later form of the vernacular plain, from Latin planus (“flat, plane”); see plain, plane.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plan (plural plans)
- A drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc.
- The plans for many important buildings were once publicly available.
- A set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal.
- He didn't really have a plan; he had a goal and a habit of control.
- 1980, John Lennon (lyrics and music), “Beautiful Boy (Darling Boy)”, in Double Fantasy:
- Life is what happens to you / While you're busy making other plans
- A two-dimensional drawing of a building as seen from above with obscuring or irrelevant details such as roof removed, or of a floor of a building, revealing the internal layout; as distinct from the elevation.
- Synonym: floor plan
- Seen in plan, the building had numerous passageways not apparent to visitors.
- A method; a way of procedure; a custom.
- 1815, William Wordsworth, Rob Roy's Grave:
- The simple plan, / That they should take who have the power, / And they should keep who can.
- A subscription to a service.
- a phone plan
- an Internet plan
Usage notes edit
- A plan ("set of intended actions") can be developed, executed, implemented, ignored, abandoned, scrapped, changed, etc.
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
- according to plan
- action plan
- American plan
- band plan
- battleplan
- birth plan
- body plan
- business plan
- Cadillac plan
- cafeteria plan
- Chequers plan
- contingency plan
- development plan
- dividend reinvestment plan
- escalation plan
- European plan
- flatplan
- flight plan
- floor plan
- floor plan lending
- game plan
- go to plan
- grid plan
- ground plan
- ground-plan
- installment plan
- Keogh plan
- lesson plan
- marketing plan
- Marshall Plan
- masterplan
- master plan
- modified American plan
- no battle plan survives contact with the enemy
- no battle plan survives first contact with the enemy
- no plan survives contact with the enemy
- no plan survives first contact with the enemy
- off-plan
- off the plan
- open floor plan
- open-plan
- open-plan kitchen
- party plan
- pension plan
- plan A
- plan B
- plan C
- plan chest
- plan of action
- price plan
- query plan
- rate plan
- retirement annuity plan
- sail-plan
- seating plan
- shareholder rights plan
- sounds like a plan
- title plan
- top-hat plan
- to plan
- track plan, trackplan
Descendants edit
- → Japanese: プラン (puran)
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Verb edit
plan (third-person singular simple present plans, present participle planning, simple past and past participle planned)
- (transitive) To design (a building, machine, etc.).
- The architect planned the building for the client.
- (transitive) To create a plan for.
- They jointly planned the project in phases, with good detail for the first month.
- (intransitive) To intend.
- He planned to go, but work intervened.
- 2013 August 10, “Can China clean up fast enough?”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:
- It has jailed environmental activists and is planning to limit the power of judicial oversight by handing a state-approved body a monopoly over bringing environmental lawsuits.
- (intransitive) To make a plan.
- They planned for the worst, bringing lots of emergency supplies.
Usage notes edit
- This is a catenative verb that takes the to infinitive. See Appendix:English catenative verbs.
Conjugation edit
infinitive | (to) plan | ||
---|---|---|---|
present tense | past tense | ||
1st-person singular | plan | planed | |
2nd-person singular | plan, planest† | planed, planedst† | |
3rd-person singular | plans, planeth† | planed | |
plural | plan | ||
subjunctive | plan | planed | |
imperative | plan | — | |
participles | planing | planed |
Derived terms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
Further reading edit
- “plan”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- “plan”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
Azerbaijani edit
Cyrillic | план | |
---|---|---|
Abjad | پلان |
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
plan (definite accusative planı, plural planlar)
Declension edit
Declension of plan | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | plan |
planlar | ||||||
definite accusative | planı |
planları | ||||||
dative | plana |
planlara | ||||||
locative | planda |
planlarda | ||||||
ablative | plandan |
planlardan | ||||||
definite genitive | planın |
planların |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “plan” in Obastan.com.
Danish edit
Etymology edit
From German Plan (“project, plan”), from French plan (“plan, map; plane”), from Latin plānus (“level, flat, even”), from plānus (“flat, even, level”), from Proto-Italic *plānos, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-no-s (“flattened”), from *pleh₂- (“flat”).
Noun edit
plan c (singular definite planen, plural indefinite planer)
Declension edit
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from French plan, from Middle French plant.
Noun edit
plan n (plural plannen, diminutive plannetje n)
- A set of intended actions, through which one expects to achieve a goal: plan, plot, scheme.
- A technical drawing.
- A detailed map of a relatively small area, such as a building or settlement.
- Synonym: plattegrond
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
plan
- inflection of plannen:
French edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From earlier plant, derived from the verb planter, or from Latin planus. Doublet of plant or plain, depending on which etymology is right.
Noun edit
plan m (plural plans)
- map (schematic maps of streets, subways, etc.)
- un plan du métro ― a subway map
- plane (flat surface)
- un plan incliné ― an inclined plane
- (geometry) plane
- (film) shot
- plan
- Synonym: projet
- Quels sont tes plans pour cet été?
- What are your plans for this summer?
- (slang, dated) a small case inserted in the rectum in order to hide one's valuables from a full-body search
Derived terms edit
- bâtir des plans sur la comète
- bon plan
- de premier plan
- faire des plans sur la comète
- gros plan
- laisser en plan
- plan A
- plan américain
- plan B
- plan comptable
- plan cul
- plan de cuisson
- plan de faille
- plan de niveau
- plan de travail
- plan de vol
- plan directeur
- plan d’accès
- plan d’action
- plan d’eau
- plan d’épargne
- plan d’épargne
- plan d’urgence
- plan fixe
- plan incliné
- plan rapproché
- plan-séquence
- planification
- planifier
- premier plan
- tirer des plans sur la comète
- tirer son plan
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Latin plānus. Doublet of plain, which was inherited, and piano.
Adjective edit
plan (feminine plane, masculine plural plans, feminine plural planes)
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “plan”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Friulian edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
plan
Related terms edit
See also edit
Noun edit
plan m (plural plans)
German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German plān, from Latin plānus.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
plan (strong nominative masculine singular planer, comparative planer, superlative am plansten)
- (technical) planar, flat, level, smooth
- Synonym: eben
- (archaic) plain, forthright
- 1887, Otto Gradenwitz, Die Ungültigkeit obligatorischer Rechtsgeschäfte, Berlin: Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, page 108:
- [Zur Auslegung von Dig. 16, 1, 8, 2] Ferner muss man wohl sagen, dass eine so plane Wahrheit, wie die, dass im Falle des Betruges keine Intercession vorliege, nicht erst von Marcellus entdeckt worden sein kann, und dass daher nicht erst Marcellus in seinen Noten den Julianus dahin zu corrigiren brauchte; dass die Betrügerin nicht intercedirt hat, das wusste auch Julianus!
- [Regarding the interpretation of Dig. 16, 1, 8, 2] One must say furthermore fittingly that such a plain truth like that in the case of fraud there is no intercession cannot have been discovered only by Marcellus, and that hence Marcellus did not have to correct Julianus in his notes; that the fraudstress has not interceded, this was already known to Julianus!
Declension edit
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist plan | sie ist plan | es ist plan | sie sind plan | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | planer | plane | planes | plane |
genitive | planen | planer | planen | planer | |
dative | planem | planer | planem | planen | |
accusative | planen | plane | planes | plane | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der plane | die plane | das plane | die planen |
genitive | des planen | der planen | des planen | der planen | |
dative | dem planen | der planen | dem planen | den planen | |
accusative | den planen | die plane | das plane | die planen | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein planer | eine plane | ein planes | (keine) planen |
genitive | eines planen | einer planen | eines planen | (keiner) planen | |
dative | einem planen | einer planen | einem planen | (keinen) planen | |
accusative | einen planen | eine plane | ein planes | (keine) planen |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist planer | sie ist planer | es ist planer | sie sind planer | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | planerer | planere | planeres | planere |
genitive | planeren | planerer | planeren | planerer | |
dative | planerem | planerer | planerem | planeren | |
accusative | planeren | planere | planeres | planere | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der planere | die planere | das planere | die planeren |
genitive | des planeren | der planeren | des planeren | der planeren | |
dative | dem planeren | der planeren | dem planeren | den planeren | |
accusative | den planeren | die planere | das planere | die planeren | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein planerer | eine planere | ein planeres | (keine) planeren |
genitive | eines planeren | einer planeren | eines planeren | (keiner) planeren | |
dative | einem planeren | einer planeren | einem planeren | (keinen) planeren | |
accusative | einen planeren | eine planere | ein planeres | (keine) planeren |
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist am plansten | sie ist am plansten | es ist am plansten | sie sind am plansten | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | planster | planste | planstes | planste |
genitive | plansten | planster | plansten | planster | |
dative | planstem | planster | planstem | plansten | |
accusative | plansten | planste | planstes | planste | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der planste | die planste | das planste | die plansten |
genitive | des plansten | der plansten | des plansten | der plansten | |
dative | dem plansten | der plansten | dem plansten | den plansten | |
accusative | den plansten | die planste | das planste | die plansten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein planster | eine planste | ein planstes | (keine) plansten |
genitive | eines plansten | einer plansten | eines plansten | (keiner) plansten | |
dative | einem plansten | einer plansten | einem plansten | (keinen) plansten | |
accusative | einen plansten | eine planste | ein planstes | (keine) plansten |
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch plan, from French plan (“a ground-plot of a building”), from plan (“flat”), a later form of the vernacular plain, from Latin planus (“flat, plane”). Doublet of pelan.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plan
- plan, a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal.
- Synonym: rencana
Alternative forms edit
- pelan (Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore)
Further reading edit
- “plan” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Kashubian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plan m inan
- plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal)
Derived terms edit
- planowac impf, zaplanowac pf
Further reading edit
- Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “plan”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[4], volume 2, page 425
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology edit
From German Plan (“project, plan”), from French plan (“plan, map; plane”), from Latin plānus (“level, flat, even”), from plānus (“flat, even, level”), from Proto-Italic *plānos, from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-no-s (“flattened”), from *pleh₂- (“flat”).
Noun edit
plan m (definite singular planen, indefinite plural planer, definite plural planene)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “plan” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From German Plan, from Latin plānum.
Noun edit
plan n (definite singular planet, indefinite plural plan, definite plural plana)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
plan m (definite singular planen, indefinite plural planar, definite plural planane)
- a plan
- Kva er planen din? ― What's your plan?
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Adjective edit
plan (neuter plant, definite singular and plural plane, comparative planare, indefinite superlative planast, definite superlative planaste)
References edit
- “plan” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Occitan edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plan m (plural plans)
Adjective edit
plan m (feminine singular plana, masculine plural plans, feminine plural planas)
Adverb edit
plan
Further reading edit
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French plan.[1][2] Sense 1 is a semantic loan from English plan and German Plan.[3] First attested in the 19th century.[4]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plan m inan
- plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal) [+ żeby (past tense/infinitive) = to do what]
- Synonym: zamysł
- plan (series of actions to be performed in a particular order and at a particular time)
- plan (design of a creation)
- plan (a drawing showing technical details of a building, machine, etc., with unwanted details omitted, and often using symbols rather than detailed drawing to represent doors, valves, etc)
- plane (place of objects or people in a painting, drawing, theatrical stage or landscape, which is distinguished by the distance from the observer)
- (film) shot (range of view of the camera, resulting from its distance from the object being filmed)
- (film) location; set (place where a movie is filmed)
- all elements of the content or form of a work that have been distinguished as a result of its analysis and contrasted with the others (Is there an English equivalent to this definition?)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- planować impf, zaplanować pf
- usunąć na drugi plan pf, usuwać na drugi plan impf
- wysunąć na pierwszy plan pf, wysuwać na pierwszy plan impf
- zejść na dalszy plan pf, schodzić na dalszy plan impf
- związać plany pf, wiązać plany impf
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
Trivia edit
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), plan is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 21 times in scientific texts, 81 times in news, 163 times in essays, 11 times in fiction, and 16 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 292 times, making it the 175th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[5]
References edit
- ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “plan”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language][1] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “plan I”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “plan II”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
- ^ Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “plan”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861[2]
- ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “plan”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language][3] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 372
Further reading edit
- plan in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- plan in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “plan”, in Słownik języka polskiego[6] (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 220
Romanian edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French plan, from Latin planus.
Noun edit
plan n (plural planuri)
Declension edit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) plan | planul | (niște) planuri | planurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) plan | planului | (unor) planuri | planurilor |
vocative | planule | planurilor |
Adjective edit
plan m or n (feminine singular plană, masculine plural plani, feminine and neuter plural plane)
Declension edit
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plȃn m (Cyrillic spelling пла̑н)
Declension edit
Silesian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plan m inan
- plan (a set of intended actions, usually mutually related, through which one expects to achieve a goal)
Further reading edit
- plan in silling.org
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
From plano.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plan m (plural planes)
- plan
- scheme (systematic plan of future action)
- intention
- (colloquial) mood
- Vamos en plan rómantico.
- We’re going in a romantic mood.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Basque: plan
Further reading edit
- “plan”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
plan (comparative planare, superlative planast)
- plane (flat)
- en plan yta
- a flat surface
- plane (level)
- Kulan rullar, så golvet är inte helt plant
- The marble rolls, so the floor isn't completely level
Declension edit
Inflection of plan | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | plan | planare | planast |
Neuter singular | plant | planare | planast |
Plural | plana | planare | planast |
Masculine plural3 | plane | planare | planast |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | plane | planare | planaste |
All | plana | planare | planaste |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Noun edit
plan n
- (mathematics) a plane; flat surface.
- an airplane / aeroplane
- Synonym: flygplan
- a plane; level of existence
- astralplan ― astral plane
Declension edit
Declension of plan | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | plan | planet | plan | planen |
Genitive | plans | planets | plans | planens |
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
plan c
- a plan (planned actions)
- Jag har en plan
- I have a plan
- a delimited, relatively level and flat area (like a delimited plane) (often used for sports, but also more general); a field, a rink, a yard, etc.
- Fotbollsspelarna sprang ut på planen
- The soccer players ran out onto the field
- ishockeyplan
- ice hockey rink (also called a rink)
- gårdsplan
- courtyard
- a plan (drawing outlining a building, apartment, or the like, often more or less map-like)
Declension edit
Declension of plan | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | plan | planen | planer | planerna |
Genitive | plans | planens | planers | planernas |
Derived terms edit
- affärsplan
- amorteringsplan
- anfallsplan
- angreppsplan
- attentatsplan
- avbetalningsplan
- avvecklingsplan
- behandlingsplan
- bemanningsplan
- beredskapsplan
- besparingsplan
- betalningsplan
- bevarandeplan
- byggnadsplan
- byggplan
- detaljplan
- evakueringsplan
- expansionsplan
- exploateringsplan
- femårsplan
- finansieringsplan
- finansplan
- flerårsplan
- flyktplan
- framtidsplan
- fredsplan
- fusionsplan
- fyraårsplan
- fälttågsplan
- färdplan
- fördelningsplan
- förvaltningsplan
- generalplan
- grundplan
- handlingsplan
- investeringsplan
- jämställdhetsplan
- katastrofplan
- krigsplan
- krisplan
- kursplan
- likabehandlingsplan
- långtidsplan
- läroplan
- nybyggnadsplan
- ombyggnadsplan
- organisationsplan
- perspektivplan
- pilotplan
- planera
- planering
- planlägga
- principplan
- produktionsplan
- projektplan
- rationaliseringsplan
- regeringsplan
- regionplan
- regleringsplan
- rekonstruktionsplan
- reservplan
- resplan
- reträttplan
- räddningsplan
- saneringsplan
- situationsplan
- sparplan
- spelplan
- stadsplan
- stridsplan
- strukturplan
- studieplan
- tidsplan
- timplan
- trafikplan
- treårsplan
- träningsplan
- undervisningsplan
- ursprungsplan
- utbildningsplan
- utbyggnadsplan
- utrymningsplan
- utvecklingsplan
- utvidgningsplan
- verksamhetsplan
- vinstplan
- vårdplan
- vägplan
- åtgärdsplan
- översiktsplan
References edit
Turkish edit
Alternative forms edit
- plân (superseded)
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish پلان (plân), from French plan.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plan (definite accusative planı, plural planlar)
- plan
- plan yapmak ― to plan, to make a plan
Declension edit
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | plan | |
Definite accusative | planı | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | plan | planlar |
Definite accusative | planı | planları |
Dative | plana | planlara |
Locative | planda | planlarda |
Ablative | plandan | planlardan |
Genitive | planın | planların |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “plan”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
Volapük edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
plan (nominative plural plans)
Declension edit
Derived terms edit
- barberaplan (cf. barber)
- besäplanam
- besäplanan
- besäplanön (transitive verb)
- bimiplanam
- bimiplanan
- bimiplanön
- bimüliplanam
- boragaplan (cf. borag)
- boragaplans
- deplanamatim
- deplanot
- deplanotastafädil
- dämabaplan
- fesülaplan
- frutaplan
- gerumaplan (cf. gerum)
- hiplan
- hiplanik
- jadaplan
- jiplan
- jiplanik
- klätaplan
- klätaplanavul
- komenaplan
- kölümipolaplan
- labiataplan (cf. labiat)
- lebränaplan
- lelaplan (cf. lel)
- ligumaplan (cf. ligum)
- lindigotaplan
- lirisdaplan (cf. lirisd)
- lumaplan
- marädaplan
- maäntaplan
- melaplan
- niminulüdamaplan
- nümfeadaplan (cf. nümfead)
- papilionaplan (cf. papilion)
- planabid
- planagnob
- planam
- planamaläd
- planaskretot
- planavaet
- planavanik
- planavik
- planaviko
- planavön
- planem
- planibrid
- planibridan
- planibridöp
- planibridöp se sid
- planidabridöp
- planihibridan
- planijibridan
- planik
- planil
- planön
- platen, Platanus
- primulaplan (cf. primul)
- pronimplan
- rabarbaplan (cf. rabarb)
- rabarbaplanavul
- ridiplanam
- rosadaplan
- rutadaplan
- rutadaplans
- rüdafloraplan
- safranakrokileplanän
- sanaplan
- sidaplan
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