猿
|
Translingual edit
Stroke order | |||
Han character edit
猿 (Kangxi radical 94, 犬+10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大竹土口女 (KHGRV), four-corner 44232, composition ⿰犭袁)
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 716, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20584
- Dae Jaweon: page 1128, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1361, character 15
- Unihan data for U+733F
Chinese edit
simp. and trad. |
猿 | |
---|---|---|
2nd round simp. | 𤝌 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin edit
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɢʷan): semantic 犭 + phonetic 袁 (OC *ɢʷan).
Etymology edit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b/g-woj-n (“monkey”).
Alternatively, the root may be Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *swaaʔ (“monkey”) (Schuessler, 2007); compare also Proto-Mon-Khmer *kwaɲ ~ kwaaɲʔ.
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
猿
Compounds edit
- 人猿
- 人猿泰山
- 人猿科
- 元謀猿人/元谋猿人
- 吼猿
- 巨猿
- 心猿意馬/心猿意马 (xīnyuányìmǎ)
- 意馬心猿/意马心猿
- 拉瑪猿/拉玛猿
- 檻猿籠鳥/槛猿笼鸟
- 狐媚猿攀
- 猿人 (yuánrén)
- 猿狖
- 猿猴 (yuánhóu)
- 猿猴取月
- 猿科
- 猿穴壞山/猿穴坏山
- 猿腸寸斷/猿肠寸断
- 猿臂
- 猿鶴沙蟲/猿鹤沙虫
- 猿鶴蟲沙/猿鹤虫沙
- 白猿
- 白猿傳/白猿传
- 窮猿失木/穷猿失木
- 窮猿奔林/穷猿奔林
- 窮猿投林/穷猿投林
- 籠鳥檻猿/笼鸟槛猿
- 縱放心猿/纵放心猿
- 藍田猿人/蓝田猿人
- 虎體猿臂/虎体猿臂 (hǔ tǐ yuán bì)
- 虛引猿泣/虚引猿泣
- 蟲沙猿鶴/虫沙猿鹤
- 調弓號猿/调弓号猿
- 豹頭猿臂/豹头猿臂 (bàotóuyuánbì)
- 長臂猿/长臂猿 (chángbìyuán)
- 類人猿/类人猿 (lèirényuán)
See also edit
- 猴 (hóu)
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
Readings edit
- Go-on: おん (on)←をん (won, historical)
- Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)←ゑん (wen, historical)
- Kun: さる (saru, 猿, Jōyō); まし (mashi, 猿); ましら (mashira, 猿ら)
- Nanori: さ (sa); さる (saru); さわ (sawa)
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term |
---|
猿 |
さる Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.
Ultimate derivation possibly borrowed from Ainu サロ (saro, “monkey”, from サㇻ (sar, “a tail”) + オ (o, “to bear, to wear, to carry”)).[1]
The kanji is from Chinese 猿 (yuán, “ape”). Compare Japanese 猪 (inoshishi, “boar”) from Chinese 猪 (zhū, “pig”) and Japanese 豚 (buta, “pig”) from Chinese 豚 (tún, “suckling pig”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
- a monkey (primate)
- 1079, Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (page 10 (back))
- 猕猴 二字合訓佐流
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1079, Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (page 10 (back))
- Short for 日本猿 (Nihonzaru, “Japanese macaque”).
- (loosely) an ape (animal)
- 1988 July 30 [1984 July 25], Fujiko F. Fujio, “世界名作童話第3巻 うらしま太郎”, in ポストの中の明日 [Post-Mid-Tomorrow] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 2), 10th edition, volume 2 (fiction), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 117:
- 地球は、サルのわく星になっていましたとさ。
- Chikyū wa, saru no wakusei ni natte imashita to sa.
- Meanwhile, Earth became the Planet of the Apes.
- 地球は、サルのわく星になっていましたとさ。
Usage notes edit
As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as サル.
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Yami: sazo
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term |
---|
猿 |
まし Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, used phonetically to spell the sound /masi/.
Ultimate derivation unknown.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
Usage notes edit
This form seems to be used less often than mashira below.
Etymology 3 edit
Kanji in this term |
---|
猿 |
ましら Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Derived from earlier mashi form above. Found in texts from the early 1900s, possibly earlier. Appears to be mashi + the pluralizing and genericizing suffix ら (ra).
Pronunciation edit
- (Tokyo) ましら [màshírá] (Heiban – [0])[2][3]
- (Tokyo) ましら [máꜜshìrà] (Atamadaka – [1])[2]
- IPA(key): [ma̠ɕiɾa̠]
Noun edit
Etymology 4 edit
Kanji in this term |
---|
猿 |
えん Grade: S |
kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 猿 (MC hjwon).
The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation edit
Affix edit
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)[1], Tokyo; London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Chinese 猿 (MC hjwon). Recorded as Middle Korean 𫞤/원 (wen) (Yale: wen) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja edit
猿 (eumhun 원숭이 원 (wonsung'i won))
Compounds edit
- 견원 (犬猿, gyeonwon)
- 원인 (猿人, wonin, “apeman; prehistoric man”)
- 유인원 (類人猿, yuinwon, “anthropoid”)
References edit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
猿: Hán Nôm readings: viên, vượn, ươi
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Readings edit
- Nôm: viên, vượn
References edit
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville