See also:
U+733F, 猿
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-733F

[U+733E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7340]

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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(Kangxi radical 94, +10, 13 strokes, cangjie input 大竹土口女 (KHGRV), four-corner 44232, composition )

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 716, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20584
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1128, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1361, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+733F

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
2nd round simp. 𤝌
alternative forms

Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *ɢʷan) : semantic + phonetic (OC *ɢʷan).

Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *b/g-woj-n (monkey).

Alternatively, the root may be Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *swaaʔ (monkey) (Schuessler, 2007); compare also Proto-Mon-Khmer *kwaɲ ~ kwaaɲʔ.

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • uang5 - Shantou;
  • uêng5 - Chaozhou.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (35)
Final () (66)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter hjwon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦʉɐn/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦʷiɐn/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣiuɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦuan/
Li
Rong
/ɣiuɐn/
Wang
Li
/ɣĭwɐn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/i̯wɐn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yuán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jyun4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 16223
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɢʷan/
Notes

Definitions

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  1. ape

Compounds

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See also

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Jōyō kanji)

  1. monkey

Readings

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Etymology 1

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 サル on Japanese Wikipedia
 Monkey on Wikipedia
 
(saru, mashi, mashira): a monkey, specifically a Japanese macaque.
Kanji in this term
さる
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

Ultimate derivation possibly borrowed from Ainu サロ (saro, monkey, from サㇻ (sar, a tail) + (o, to bear, to wear, to carry)).[1]

The kanji is from Chinese (yuán, ape). Compare Japanese (inoshishi, boar) from Chinese (zhū, pig) and Japanese (buta, pig) from Chinese (tún, suckling pig).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(さる) or (サル) (saru (counter )

  1. a monkey (primate)
  2. Short for 日本猿 (Nihonzaru, Japanese macaque).
  3. (loosely) an ape (animal)
Usage notes
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As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as サル.

Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Yami: sazo

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
まし
Grade: S
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE, used phonetically to spell the sound /masi/.

Ultimate derivation unknown.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(まし) (mashi

  1. (archaic, possibly obsolete) a monkey
Usage notes
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This form seems to be used less often than mashira below.

Etymology 3

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Kanji in this term
ましら
Grade: S
kun'yomi

Derived from earlier mashi form above. Found in texts from the early 1900s, possibly earlier. Appears to be mashi + the pluralizing and genericizing suffix (ra).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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(ましら) (mashira

  1. (archaic) a monkey

Etymology 4

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Kanji in this term
えん
Grade: S
kan'on

From Middle Chinese (MC hjwon).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Affix

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(えん) (enゑん (wen)?

  1. monkey
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ John Batchelor (1905) An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language)[1], Tokyo, London: Methodist Publishing House; Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner Co.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  • Tsukishima, Hiroshi (1079) Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 12: Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, published 1979, →ISBN.

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese (MC hjwon). Recorded as Middle Korean 𫞤/ (wen) (Yale: wen) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun 원숭이 (wonsung'i won))

  1. hanja form? of (ape)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: viên, vượn, ươi

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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  • Nôm: viên, vượn

References

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  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville