U+7518, 甘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7518

[U+7517]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7519]
U+2F62, ⽢
KANGXI RADICAL SWEET

[U+2F61]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F63]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 99, +0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 廿一 (TM), four-corner 44770, composition 廿)

  1. Kangxi radical #99, .

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 753, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21643
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1161, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2413, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7518

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Ideogram (指事) – something in the mouth, sweet. Original form of .

Etymology edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-klum (sweet) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with Mizo thlum, Lepcha [script needed] (khlyam).

Possibly related to (OC *ɡɯːm, “to keep in mouth”) and (OC *l'iːm, “sweet”), (MC kam, “mandarin orange”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • kam - literary;
  • kaⁿ - vernacular.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (28)
    Final () (143)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter kam
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /kɑm/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /kɑm/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /kɑm/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /kam/
    Li
    Rong
    /kɑm/
    Wang
    Li
    /kɑm/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /kɑm/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    gān
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    gam1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    gān
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ kam ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[k]ˁ[a]m/
    English sweet

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 3652
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kaːm/

    Definitions edit

    1. sweet
        ―  gāntián  ―  sweet
        ―  gānzhe  ―  sugar cane
    2. pleasant; satisfactory
    3. willingly; readily
        ―  gānxīn  ―  to be willing to
        ―  gānyuàn  ―  willingly
    4. (Cantonese, ironic) bitter; difficult to bear
      Alternative form: (gam1)
      [Cantonese]  ―  syu1 dou3 hou2 gam1 [Jyutping]  ―  to lose tremendously
      𨃩𨃩 [Cantonese]  ―  bei2 jan4 sin3 wok6 gam1 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
      新鮮 [Cantonese, trad.]
      新鲜 [Cantonese, simp.]
      wok6 wok6 san1 sin1 wok6 wok6 gam1 [Jyutping]
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    5. a surname
        ―  Gān Níng  ―  Gan Ning (military general serving under Sun Quan in the late Eastern Han dynasty)
    6. Short for 甘肅甘肃 (Gānsù, “Gansu”).
      Synonym: (lǒng)

    Synonyms edit

    • (sweet):

    Antonyms edit

    • (sweet): ()

    Compounds edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. sweet

    Readings edit

    Etymology edit

    Kanji in this term
    かん
    Grade: S
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC kam).

    Pronunciation edit

    Affix edit

    (かん) (kan

    1. delicious
    2. sweet-tasting; sweet
    3. pleasant; pleased; content

    Derived terms edit

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    (gam) (hangeul , revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: cam

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.