U+7518, 甘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7518

[U+7517]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7519]
U+2F62, ⽢
KANGXI RADICAL SWEET

[U+2F61]
Kangxi Radicals
[U+2F63]

Translingual

edit
Stroke order
 

Han character

edit

(Kangxi radical 99, +0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 廿一 (TM), four-corner 44770, composition 廿)

  1. Kangxi radical #99, .

Derived characters

edit

References

edit
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 753, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21643
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1161, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2413, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+7518

Chinese

edit
simp. and trad.
alternative forms

Glyph origin

edit
Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
       

Ideogram (指事) – something in the mouth, sweet; the original drawing is 𠁿. Original form of .

Etymology

edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-klum (sweet) (Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with Mizo thlum, Lepcha [script needed] (khlyam).

Possibly related to (OC *ɡɯːm, “to keep in mouth”) and (OC *l'iːm, “sweet”), (MC kam, “mandarin orange”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

edit

Note:
  • kam - literary;
  • kaⁿ - vernacular.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (28)
Final () (143)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Baxter kam
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɑm/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɑm/
Shao
Rongfen
/kɑm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kam/
Li
Rong
/kɑm/
Wang
Li
/kɑm/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kɑm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gam1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gān
Middle
Chinese
‹ kam ›
Old
Chinese
/*[k]ˁ[a]m/
English sweet

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 3652
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kaːm/

Definitions

edit

  1. sweet
      ―  gāntián  ―  sweet
      ―  gānzhe  ―  sugar cane
  2. pleasant; satisfactory
  3. willingly; readily
      ―  gānxīn  ―  to be willing to
      ―  gānyuàn  ―  willingly
  4. (Cantonese, ironic) bitter; difficult to bear
    Alternative form: (gam1)
    [Cantonese]  ―  syu1 dou3 hou2 gam1 [Jyutping]  ―  to lose tremendously
    𨃩𨃩 [Cantonese]  ―  bei2 jan4 sin3 wok6 gam1 [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    新鮮 [Cantonese, trad.]
    新鲜 [Cantonese, simp.]
    wok6 wok6 san1 sin1 wok6 wok6 gam1 [Jyutping]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  5. a surname
      ―  Gān Níng  ―  Gan Ning (military general serving under Sun Quan in the late Eastern Han dynasty)
  6. Short for 甘肅甘肃 (Gānsù, “Gansu”).
    Synonym: (lǒng)

Synonyms

edit
  • (sweet):

Antonyms

edit
  • (antonym(s) of sweet): ()

Compounds

edit

Japanese

edit

Kanji

edit

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. sweet

Readings

edit

Etymology

edit
Kanji in this term
かん
Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese (MC kam).

Pronunciation

edit

Affix

edit

(かん) (kan

  1. delicious
  2. sweet-tasting; sweet
  3. pleasant; pleased; content

Derived terms

edit

Korean

edit

Hanja

edit

(gam) (hangeul , revised gam, McCune–Reischauer kam, Yale kam)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

edit

Han character

edit

: Hán Nôm readings: cam

  1. chữ Hán form of cam (sweetness; to be content with; to pledge).

Compounds

edit