Wiktionary

kam

See also: Kam, KAM, kam-, -kam, -kam-, kám, and käm-
Languages (31)
Translingual • English
Afrikaans • Ainu • Albanian • Angloromani • Azerbaijani • Chinese • Czech • Danish • Dutch • Garo • German • Hausa • Ido • Kashubian • Latvian • Lithuanian • Northern Kurdish • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Phalura • Serbo-Croatian • Slovincian • Sumerian • Swedish • Talysh • Tok Pisin • White Hmong • Yogad • Zazaki
Page categories

Translingual

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Symbol

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kam

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kamba.

See also

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English

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Etymology

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From Welsh cam (“bent, crooked, distorted”), from Middle Welsh cam, from Old Welsh cam, from Proto-Brythonic *kam, from Proto-Celtic *kambos.

Cognate with Scottish Gaelic cam, Irish cam, French camus (“flat-nosed”) and more distantly Ancient Greek σκαμβός (skambós, “crooked, bent, bow-legged”). Doublet of camous.

Adjective

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kam (not comparable)

  1. (obsolete) Crooked, awry.

References

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Anagrams

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Afrikaans

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Etymology

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From Dutch kam.

Pronunciation

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  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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kam (plural kamme)

  1. comb

Ainu

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kam (Kana spelling カㇺ)

  1. flesh, meat
    unma kam hure.
    Horse meat is red.

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Suppletive. The aorist and participle are from Proto-Albanian *pat(i)-, from Proto-Indo-European *poti-o-, cognate with Latin potior (“to have a share in, take possession of”).[1] The other forms are from Proto-Albanian *kapmi, from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“to seize, to grasp”), cognate with Latin capiō (“take, seize”), and akin to Proto-Germanic *habjaną (“to have, to hold”) (whence English have, German haben (“to have”), Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (haban, “to have”)). Cf. also Romanian am (“I have”), first-person singular indicative form of avea.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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kam (aorist pata, participle pasur)

  1. to have
  2. (impersonal, third person) there is

Conjugation

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Standard Albanian conjugation of kam (active voice)

  • Show compound tenses:  

participle pasur
gerund duke pasur
infinitive për të pasur
singular plural
1st pers. 2nd pers. 3rd pers. 1st pers. 2nd pers. 3rd pers.
indicative present kam ke ka kemi keni kanë
imperfect kisha kishe kishte kishim kishit kishin
aorist pata pate pati patëm patët patën
perfect kam pasur ke pasur ka pasur kemi pasur keni pasur kanë pasur
past perfect kisha pasur kishe pasur kishte pasur kishim pasur kishit pasur kishin pasur
aorist II pata pasur pate pasur pati pasur patëm pasur patët pasur patën pasur
future1 do të kem do të kesh do të ketë do të kemi do të keni do të kenë
future perfect2 do të kem pasur do të kesh pasur do të ketë pasur do të kemi pasur do të keni pasur do të kenë pasur
subjunctive present të kem të kesh të ketë të kemi të keni të kenë
imperfect të kisha të kishe të kishte të kishim të kishit të kishin
perfect të kem pasur të kesh pasur të ketë pasur të kemi pasur të keni pasur të kenë pasur
past perfect të kisha pasur të kishe pasur të kishte pasur të kishim pasur të kishit pasur të kishin pasur
conditional1, 2 imperfect do të kisha do të kishe do të kishte do të kishim do të kishit do të kishin
past perfect do të kisha pasur do të kishe pasur do të kishte pasur do të kishim pasur do të kishit pasur do të kishin pasur
optative present paça paç pastë paçim paçit paçin
perfect paça pasur paç pasur pastë pasur paçim pasur paçit pasur paçin pasur
admirative present paskam paske paska paskemi paskeni paskan
imperfect paskësha paskëshe paskësh paskëshim paskëshit paskëshin
perfect paskam pasur paske pasur paska pasur paskemi pasur paskeni pasur paskan pasur
past perfect paskësha pasur paskëshe pasur paskësh pasur paskëshim pasur paskëshit pasur paskëshin pasur
imperative present — ki — — kini —
1) indicative future identical with conditional present 2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect
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References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “kam”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 167

Angloromani

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Romani kham.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈkʰæm], [ˈcæm]

Noun

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kam

  1. sun

References

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  • “kam”, in Angloromani Dictionary‎[1], The Manchester Romani Project, 2004-2006, archived from the original on November 26, 2021, page 141

Azerbaijani

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Other scripts
Cyrillic кам
Abjad کام

Etymology

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Borrowed from Classical Persian کام.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kam (definite accusative kamı, plural kamlar)

  1. wish, desire
    Synonyms: arzu, dilək, istək
  2. pleasure
    Synonyms: ləzzət, zövq

Declension

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    Declension of kam
singular plural
nominative kam
 kamlar
definite accusative kamı
 kamları
dative kama
 kamlara
locative kamda
 kamlarda
ablative kamdan
 kamlardan
definite genitive kamın
 kamların
    Possessive forms of kam
nominative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) kamım kamlarım
sənin (“your”) kamın kamların
onun (“his/her/its”) kamı kamları
bizim (“our”) kamımız kamlarımız
sizin (“your”) kamınız kamlarınız
onların (“their”) kamı or kamları kamları
accusative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) kamımı kamlarımı
sənin (“your”) kamını kamlarını
onun (“his/her/its”) kamını kamlarını
bizim (“our”) kamımızı kamlarımızı
sizin (“your”) kamınızı kamlarınızı
onların (“their”) kamını or kamlarını kamlarını
dative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) kamıma kamlarıma
sənin (“your”) kamına kamlarına
onun (“his/her/its”) kamına kamlarına
bizim (“our”) kamımıza kamlarımıza
sizin (“your”) kamınıza kamlarınıza
onların (“their”) kamına or kamlarına kamlarına
locative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) kamımda kamlarımda
sənin (“your”) kamında kamlarında
onun (“his/her/its”) kamında kamlarında
bizim (“our”) kamımızda kamlarımızda
sizin (“your”) kamınızda kamlarınızda
onların (“their”) kamında or kamlarında kamlarında
ablative
singular plural
mənim (“my”) kamımdan kamlarımdan
sənin (“your”) kamından kamlarından
onun (“his/her/its”) kamından kamlarından
bizim (“our”) kamımızdan kamlarımızdan
sizin (“your”) kamınızdan kamlarınızdan
onların (“their”) kamından or kamlarından kamlarından
genitive
singular plural
mənim (“my”) kamımın kamlarımın
sənin (“your”) kamının kamlarının
onun (“his/her/its”) kamının kamlarının
bizim (“our”) kamımızın kamlarımızın
sizin (“your”) kamınızın kamlarınızın
onların (“their”) kamının or kamlarının kamlarının

Further reading

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  • “kam” in Obastan.com.

Chinese

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Etymology 1

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to 尷? related to English kam?”)

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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kam

  1. (Cantonese, of people) cringe; weird; awkward
  2. (Cantonese, of event or action) cringe; embarrassing

Etymology 2

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Onomatopoeic.

Pronunciation

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Verb

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kam

  1. (Cantonese) to clear one's throat
Alternative forms
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Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech kamo, from Proto-Slavic *kamo.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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kam

  1. where, whither (to what place)
    Antonym: odkud

Further reading

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  • “kam”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • “kam”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
  • “kam”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Danish

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Etymology

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From Old Norse kambr, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz, Norwegian, Swedish kam, English comb, German Kamm. The Germanic noun goes back to Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth, peg”), which is also the source of Sanskrit: जम्भः (jámbhaḥ, “tooth”), Ancient Greek γόμφος (gómphos, “peg”), Polish ząb (“tooth”).

Noun

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kam c (singular definite kammen, plural indefinite kamme)

  1. comb
  2. crest (of an animal)
  3. loin, back (of a butchered animal)
  4. ridge (of a mountain)

Declension

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Declension of kam
common
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kam kammen kamme kammene
genitive kams kammens kammes kammenes

Derived terms

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References

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Dutch

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Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch kamp, from Old Dutch *kamb, from Proto-West Germanic *kamb, from Proto-Germanic *kambaz (“comb”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth; row of teeth”).

Noun

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Kam

kam m (plural kammen, diminutive kammetje n)

  1. a comb, utensil to groom hair, fur etc.
  2. (by extension) a ridge or comb-like structure
    De kam van de berg is bedekt met sneeuw. ― The ridge of the mountain is covered in snow.
  3. (technical) a cam
  4. a bridge (e.g. of a violin)
Derived terms
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Descendants
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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kam

  1. inflection of kammen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    3. imperative

Anagrams

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Garo

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Assamese কাম (kam).

Noun

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kam

  1. work

Derived terms

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German

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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kam

  1. first/third-person singular preterite of kommen

Hausa

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Pronunciation

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Ideophone

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kam

  1. firmly, tightly
  2. adamant, insistent

Alternative forms

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Ido

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Latin quam. The initial qu was changed to k so as not to cause confusion with the word with quan.

Pronunciation

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Adverb

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kam

  1. than, as, to (in comparison)
    La karno esas plu fresha kam la fisho. ― The meat is fresher than the fish.
    Co esas tam utila kam to. ― This one is as useful as that one.

See also

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Kashubian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kamy.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkam/
  • Rhymes: -am
  • Syllabification: kam

Noun

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kam m inan

  1. stone (piece of rock that has been separated)

Declension

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Declension of kam
singular plural
nominative kam kamë/kamienie
genitive kama/kamienia kamów/kamieniów
dative kamòwi/kamieniowi kamóm/kamienióm
accusative kam kamë/kamienie
instrumental kamã/kamieniã kamama/kamieniama
locative kamie/kamieniu kamach/kamieniach
vocative kamie/kamieniu kamë/kamienie

Further reading

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  • Stefan Ramułt (1893) “kam”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 66
  • Sychta, Bernard (1968) “kam”, in Słownik gwar kaszubskich [Dictionary of Kashubian dialects] (in Polish), volumes 2 (H – L), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 125
  • Jan Trepczyk (1994) “kamień”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
  • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011) “kamień”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎[2]
  • “kam”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Latvian

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Pronoun

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kam

  1. dative of kas

Lithuanian

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Pronoun

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kam

  1. dative of kas
  2. (derogatory) (interrogative) why, for what reason, what's the reason (literally: who for)
    O kam tau to reikia?
    And why do you barely need this?

Synonyms

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Northern Kurdish

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Etymology

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From Armenian կամ (kam).[1][2]

Noun

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kam ?[3]

  1. threshing sledge, threshing board
    Synonyms: cencer, patoz

References

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  1. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “կամն”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 502b
  2. ^ Cabolov, R. L. (2001) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 513
  3. ^ Jaba, Auguste, Justi, Ferdinand (1879) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 323b

Norwegian Bokmål

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Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

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From Old Norse kambr.

Noun

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kam m (definite singular kammen, indefinite plural kammer, definite plural kammene)

  1. a comb

Derived terms

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References

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Norwegian Nynorsk

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Etymology

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From Old Norse kambr. Akin to English comb.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kam m (definite singular kammen, indefinite plural kammar, definite plural kammane)

  1. a comb

Derived terms

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References

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Phalura

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Urdu کم (kam), from Persian کم (kam).

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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kam (invariable, Perso-Arabic spelling کم)

  1. less
  2. inferior

References

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  • Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “kam”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎[3], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kamy.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kȃm m (Cyrillic spelling ка̑м)

  1. (poetic) stone, rock
Declension
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Declension of kam
singular plural
nominative kȃm kȃmi / kȁmovi
genitive kama kama / kamova
dative kamu kamima / kamovima
accusative kam kame / kamove
vocative kame kȃmi / kȁmovi
locative kamu kamima / kamovima
instrumental kamom kamima / kamovima

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kamo.

Adverb

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kam (Cyrillic spelling кам)

  1. (Kajkavian) where (to), in which direction, whither
    Synonym: kamo

Slovincian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kamy.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkam/
  • Rhymes: -am
  • Syllabification: kam

Noun

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kam m inan

  1. stone (piece of rock that has been separated)

Further reading

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Sumerian

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Romanization

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kam

  1. Romanization of 𒄰 (kam)

Swedish

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Etymology

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From Old Swedish kamber, from Old Norse kambr,[1] cognate with Danish kam[1] and Dutch kam.

That in turn derived from Proto-Germanic *kambaz, whence also Old English camb (English comb), Old High German kamb (German Kamm).[1] Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵómbʰos (“tooth (animate)”),[1] whence also Ancient Greek γόμφος (gómphos, “peg”),[1] Lithuanian žam̃bas, Old Church Slavonic зѫбъ (zǫbŭ, “tooth”), Russian зуб (zub, “tooth”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kam c

  1. a comb for grooming hair
  2. a comb, a fleshy growth on the top of the head of some birds and reptiles
  3. a crest, summit of a hill or mountain ridge
  4. a crest, ridge of a wave
  5. a cam, a part of an engine

Declension

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Declension of kam
nominative genitive
singular indefinite kam kams
definite kammen kammens
plural indefinite kammar kammars
definite kammarna kammarnas

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Swedish etymological dictionary (article "kam", in Swedish)

Anagrams

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Talysh

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Etymology

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Cognate with Persian کم (kam).

Adverb

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kam

  1. a few, a little

Tok Pisin

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Etymology

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From English come.

Noun

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kam

  1. come

White Hmong

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Not mentioned by Ratliff at all. The "accustomed to" meaning is very likely borrowed from Chinese 慣／惯 (guàn, “to become accustomed”). The "willing, agreeable" meaning seems to be a semantic extension of the "accustomed to" meaning. Or perhaps it's from 敢 (gǎn, “dare to”)? Or maybe it's native Hmongic or from some other source?”

Verb

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kam

  1. to be willing, agreeable
    Kuv kam thiab. ― I'm willing.
    Kuv tsis kam mus. ― I won't go.

Adverb

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kam

  1. accustomed to
    Noj mov tsi kam. ― Unaccustomed to eating rice.
    Nws sau ntawv tsis kam. ― He isn't accustomed to writing.

Etymology 2

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This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Not mentioned by Ratliff at all. Perhaps borrowed from Chinese 幹／干 (gàn, “trunk; (colloquial) to do”) or 關／关 (guān, “to concern”)?”

Noun

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kam (classifier: tus)

  1. business, affairs
    Koj muaj kam dab tsi? ― What is your business? What do you want?
    kam teb chaws ― national affairs; national politics

References

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  • Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979) White Hmong — English Dictionary‎[5], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 75.

Yogad

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Pronoun

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kam

  1. you (plural)

Zazaki

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Pronoun

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kam

  1. who
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