自今

Chinese

		from	now
trad. (自今)		自	今
simp. #(自今)		自	今

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zìjīn

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄣ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zìjīn
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄐㄧㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zìhjin
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-chin¹
    • Yale: dz̀-jīn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhjin
    • Palladius: цзыцзинь (czyczinʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
    • Homophones:

      [Show/Hide]
      edit edit 自矜 自今

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• Middle Chinese: dzijH kim

Rime
Character	自	今
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	侵 (140)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	疾二切	居吟切
Baxter	dzijH	kim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziɪH/	/kˠiɪm/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziH/	/kᵚim/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zjɪH/	/kiem/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ziH/	/kjim/
Li Rong	/d͡ziH/	/kjəm/
Wang Li	/d͡ziH/	/kĭĕm/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱiH/	/ki̯əm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zì	jīn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi6	gam1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[b]i[t]-s  [k]r[ə]m/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɦljids  krɯm/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	自	自	今
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zì	zì	jīn
Middle Chinese	‹ dzijH ›	‹ dzijH ›	‹ kim ›
Old Chinese	/*s.[b]i[t]-s/	/*s.[b]i[t]-s/	/*[k]r[ə]m/
English	self (adv.)	to follow; from	now
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	自	今
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	17879	6599
Phonetic component	自	今
Rime group	至	侵
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	自	金
Old Chinese	/*ɦljids/	/*krɯm/
Notes		文源謂含初文

Adverb

自今

1. (literary) from now on; henceforth

   • 自今以始，歲其有。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     自今以始，岁其有。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Zìjīn yǐ shǐ, suì qí yǒu. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 今而後知不足，自今請雖吾家，聽子而行。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     今而后知不足，自今请虽吾家，听子而行。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Commentary of Zuo, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jīn ér hòu zhī bùzú, zìjīn qǐng suī wú jiā, tīng zǐ ér xíng. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• 今後／今后 (jīnhòu)
• 以後／以后 (yǐhòu)
• 嗣後／嗣后 (sìhòu) (literary)
• 往後／往后 (wǎnghòu)
• 從今以後／从今以后 (cóngjīn yǐhòu)
• 從今往後／从今往后 (cóngjīn wǎnghòu)
• 從此／从此 (cóngcǐ)
• 從此以後／从此以后 (cóngcǐ yǐhòu)
• 從這起／从这起 (Xiamen Hokkien)
• 從際起／从际起 (Quanzhou Hokkien)
• 日後／日后 (rìhòu)
• 此後／此后 (cǐhòu)
• 爾後／尔后 (ěrhòu) (literary)
• 自後／自后 (zìhòu) (Classical Chinese)
• 自此 (zìcǐ)
• 自茲／自兹 (zìzī) (literary)
• 趕後兒／赶后儿 (gǎnhòur) (Beijing Mandarin)
• 過後兒／过后儿 (guòhòur) (Beijing Mandarin)

 

Derived terms

• 自今已往