Wiktionary

蜘蛛

Chinese edit

spider
simp. and trad.
(蜘蛛) 		蜘 蛛
alternative forms 鼅鼄／𱌄𬹣 obsolete
䵹鼄／䵹𬹣
 
Wikipedia has an article on:
 
蜘蛛

Etymology edit

Reduplication in Old Chinese (Baxter and Sagart, 1998).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation edit

Rime
Character 蜘 蛛
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 知 (9) 知 (9)
Final (韻) 支 (11) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 陟移切 陟輸切
Baxter trje trju
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʈiᴇ/ /ʈɨo/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʈiɛ/ /ʈio/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȶjɛ/ /ȶio/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʈiə̆/ /ʈuə̆/
Li
Rong 		/ȶie/ /ȶio/
Wang
Li 		/ȶǐe/ /ȶĭu/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȶie̯/ /ȶi̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhī zhū
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zi1 zyu1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蜘 蛛
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhī zhū
Middle
Chinese 		‹ trje › ‹ trju ›
Old
Chinese 		/*tre/ /*tro/
English *tre.tro spider *tre-tro spider

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蜘 蛛
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11496 17564
Phonetic
component 		矢 朱
Rime
group 		支 侯
Rime
subdivision 		0 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		株
Old
Chinese 		/*te/ /*to/
Notes 同鼅見太玄，說文作蟲上知於 說文同鼄

Noun edit

蜘蛛

  1. spider

Synonyms edit

Dialectal synonyms of 蜘蛛 (“spider”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 蜘蛛, 鼄蝥 QJ, 蠾蝓 ZW, 蝳蜍 NY, 社公 Q
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 蜘蛛
Taxonomic name 蜘蛛
Mandarin Beijing 蛛蛛, 蜘蛛
Taiwan 蜘蛛
Ulanhot 蛛蛛
Tongliao 蛛蛛
Chifeng 蛛蛛
Bayanhot 蛛蛛
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 蛛蛛
Harbin 蜘蛛兒, 蛛蛛兒, 癩癩蛛
Shenyang 癩癩蛛
Yantai (Muping) 老老蛛, 癩癩蛛
Jinan 阿郎蛛子, 阿郎蛛, 蜘蛛
Luoyang 蛛蛛
Wanrong 蛛蛛
Zhengzhou 蛛蛛
Xi'an 蛛蛛
Yinchuan 蟢里蛛蛛
Lanzhou 蛛蛛
Xining 蛛蛛
Ürümqi 蛛蛛
Wuhan 蜘蛛
Chengdu 蜘蛛, 蜇蛛
Guiyang 蝃蛛
Kunming 蜘蛛
Guilin 蜘蛛
Guanyang 波絲
Liuzhou 蜘蛛
Xuzhou 羅蛛子, 羅羅蛛子
Yangzhou 蜘蛛
Nanjing 蜘蛛
Hefei 蜘蛛
Nantong 蟢蟢, 蟢蟢兒
Changle (Qinjiang) 賴蜘蜘
Malaysia 蜘蛛
Singapore 蜘蛛
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 蛛蛛
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 蛛蛛
Cantonese Guangzhou 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧
Hong Kong 蠄蟧, 蜘蛛
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 蠄蟧
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 蠄蟧
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 蝲䗁
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 蝲䗁
Macau 蠄蟧
Guangzhou (Panyu) 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 蠄蟧
Guangzhou (Conghua) 蠄蟧
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 蠄蟧
Foshan 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧
Foshan (Shunde) 蠄蟧
Foshan (Sanshui) 蠄蟧, 蜘蛛
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 蠄蟧
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 蠄蟧
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 蠄蟧
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 蠄蟧
Zhuhai (Doumen) 蠄蟧
Jiangmen (Baisha) 蠄蟧
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 蠄蟧
Taishan 蠄蟧
Kaiping (Chikan) 蠄蟧
Enping (Niujiang) 蠄蟧
Heshan (Yayao) 蠄蟧
Dongguan 蠄蟧
Shenzhen (Dapeng) 蠄蟧
Shaoguan 蠄蟧
Yunfu 蠄蟧
Yangjiang 蠄蟧
Xinyi 蠄蟧
Lianjiang 蠄蟧
Nanning 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧
Wuzhou 蜘蛛, 蠄蟧
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 蜘蛛
Gan Nanchang 蝃蛛, 蝃蛛子
Lichuan 庖繅
Pingxiang 織蛛
Hakka Meixian 蝲䗁
Xingning 蝲䗁
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 蠄蟧
Huidong (Daling) 蝲䗁
Dongguan (Qingxi) 蝲䗁
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 蝲䗁
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 拿䗁
Wuhua (Huacheng) 蝲䗁
Heyuan (Bendihua) 蠄蟧
Wengyuan 蝲䗁
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 蝲䗁
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 蝲䗁
Liannan 蝲䗁
Conghua (Lütian) 蝲䗁
Jiexi 蝲䗁
Luhe 蝲䗁
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 蝲䗁
Changting 蝲䗁
Wuping 蝲䗁
Wuping (Yanqian) 蝲䗁
Wuping (Pingyu) 蝲䗁
Liancheng 奇肖
Ninghua 奇肖子
Yudu 斜佬
Ruijin 斜佬
Shicheng 奇肖
Shangyou (Shexi) 蝲䗁
Tonggu (Sandu) 蝲䗁
Ganzhou (Panlong) 蝲䗁
Dayu 蝲䗁
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 蝲䗁, 蜘蛛
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 蝲䗁, 蜘蛛
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 蝲䗁, 蜘蛛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 蜘蛛, 蝲䗁
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 蝲䗁, 蜘蛛
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 蜘蛛, 蝲䗁
Hong Kong 蝲䗁
Yangxi (Tangkou) 蠄蟧
Yangchun (Sanjia) 蜘蛛
Xinyi (Sihe) 蠄蟧
Xinyi (Qianpai) 蠄蟧
Gaozhou (Xindong) 蝲䗁
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 蝲䗁
Huazhou (Xin'an) 蝲䗁
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 蝲䗁
Lianjiang (Qingping) 蝲䗁
Mengshan (Xihe) 甘羅
Luchuan (Daqiao) 蝲䗁
Sabah (Longchuan) 蝲䗁
Senai (Huiyang) 蝲䗁
Singkawang 蜘蛛, 蝲䗁
Huizhou Jixi 蛛蛛
Shexian 蛛蛛
Tunxi 蛛蛛, 蜘蛛
Jin Taiyuan 蛛蛛
Pingyao 蛛蛛
Xinzhou 羅螞蛛蛛, 蟢蛛蛛
Taibus (Baochang) 狼螞蛛蛛
Linhe 羅螞蛛蛛
Jining 蜘蛛
Hohhot 羅螞蛛蛛
Baotou 蜘蛛
Dongsheng 蜘蛛
Haibowan 蜘蛛
Northern Min Jian'ou 吊蛛
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 天蛛
Wuyishan 蜘蛛仔
Pucheng (Shibei) 糴蛛仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 蜘蛛
Changle 馬兜爺
Fuqing 蜘蛛
Gutian 蟢囝
Ningde 蟢囝
Fuding 飛絲
Southern Min Xiamen 蜘蛛
Quanzhou 蜘蛛
Zhangzhou 蜘蛛
Zhao'an 蜘蛛
Taipei 蜘蛛
New Taipei (Tamsui) 蜘蛛
New Taipei (Sanxia) 蜘蛛
New Taipei (Pingxi) 蜘蛛
Kaohsiung 蜘蛛
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 蜘蛛
Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang) 蜘蛛
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 蜘蛛
Kaohsiung (Tianliao) 蜘蛛
Yilan 蜘蛛
Yilan (Luodong) 蜘蛛
Yilan (Toucheng) 蜘蛛
Changhua (Lukang) 蜘蛛
Taichung 蜘蛛
Taichung (Wuqi) 蜘蛛
Tainan 蜘蛛
Tainan (Anping) 蜘蛛
Taitung 蜘蛛
Taitung (Green Island) 蜘蛛
Hsinchu 蜘蛛
Pingtung (Liuqiu) 蜘蛛
Kinmen 蜘蛛
Penghu (Magong) 經蛛, 蜘蛛
Penghu (Pengnan) 經蛛
Penghu (Xiyu) 經蛛
Penghu (Huxi) 經蛛, 蜘蛛
Penghu (Wangan) 經蛛
Penghu (Cimei) 經蛛
Penghu (Huayu) 經蛛
Penghu (Zhongtun) 蜘蛛
Penghu (Houliao) 蜘蛛
Penghu (Tongliang) 蜘蛛
Penghu (Jibei) 蜘蛛
Penang (Hokkien) 蜘蛛
Singapore (Hokkien) 蜘蛛
Manila (Hokkien) 蜘蛛
Longyan 蝲䗁
Chaozhou 蜘蛛
Shantou 蜘蛛
Jieyang 蜘蛛
Haifeng 蜘蛛
Bangkok (Teochew) 蜘蛛
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 蜘蛛
Singapore (Teochew) 胡蠅虎
Pontianak (Teochew) 蜘蛛
Leizhou 𧑃蚜
Wenchang 紅蜈
Haikou 龍牙古
Puxian Min Putian 八臘爺
Putian (Donghai) 蜘蛛
Putian (Jiangkou) 八臘爺
Putian (Nanri) 八臘爺
Xianyou 蜘蛛, 八臘爺
Xianyou (Fengting) 蜘蛛
Xianyou (Youyang) 蜘蛛
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 蠄蟧, 蜘蛛
Sanxiang 蝲䗁
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 爪揸, 蛛蛛
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 飛絲
Waxiang Guzhang (Gaofeng) 蛛蛛子
Yuanling (Shaojiwan) 蛛蛛, 蛛蛛子
Luxi (Baisha) 蛛
Wu Shanghai 蜘蛛, 結蛛
Shanghai (Chongming) 結蛛
Suzhou 結蛛, 蜘蛛
Wuxi 蜘蛛
Danyang 蜘蛛
Hangzhou 結蛛, 蜘蛛
Ningbo 蛛蛛, 結蛛
Wenzhou 絲網蜘蛛
Jinhua 蟢, 八腳蟢, 蜘蛛
Xiang Changsha 蜘蛛子, 蜘蛛
Loudi 蜘蛛子, 蜘蛛
Quanzhou 剝絲
Note QJ - between ancient Qin and Jin
ZW - in the vicinity of ancient Zhao and Wei
NY - between Northern Yan, Korea and Lieshui
Q - ancient Qi

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic (蜘蛛):

Japanese edit

 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term
蜘 蛛
くも
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji
jukujikun

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed in 759 CE.

Ultimate derivation unknown. Various theories exist, including:

  • from 籠もる (komoru, “to hide inside something”), from the way that spiders hide in their webs
  • from 組む (kumu, “to bundle something together”), from the way that spiders wrap up caught insects
  • from 雲 (kumo, “cloud”), from the way that spider webs may look vaguely like clouds
  • from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *konpo, *konbo (“spider”);[1] possibly cognate with Kagoshima こっ koʔ (< kobu) "spider"; Tanegashima こぶ kobu "large spider"; Amami (Setouchi) こぶ kobu; Okinawan くーばー kuuba; Yonaguni くぶ kubu "spider", etc.[2] If true, then 蜘蛛 (kumo, “spider”) would be unrelated to 雲 (kumo, “cloud”), whose proto-form was likely *kumo, as suggested by Okinawan くむ kumu, Yonaguni んむ nmu, Kunigami and Yoron ふむ fumu.[3]

May ultimately be cognate with Korean 거미 (geomi, “spider”). The kanji are an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蜘蛛 (zhīzhū).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

蜘蛛(くも) or 蜘蛛(クモ) • (kumo) 

  1. spider
    • c. 918, Honzō Wamyō:
      蜘蛛 楊玄操、知誅二音　一名䖦𬠴仁諝、拙牟二音 一名絡新婦赤班者　一名蠨蛸仁諝、上音蕭、所交反、下本條　𧋌音秋 一名蝳蜍毒途二音 一名社公 一名張公網　一名蝃蝥拙牟二音、已上五名、出兼名苑　一名長蝥身小足長、出古今注　和名久毛
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)
    • 芥川龍之介, 蜘蛛の糸
      御(お)釈(しゃ)迦(か)様(さま)は地(じ)獄(ごく)の容(よう)子(す)を御(ご)覧(らん)になりながら、この犍(かん)陀(だ)多(た)には蜘蛛(クモ)を助(たす)けた事(こと)があるのを御(お)思(おも)い出(だ)しになりました。
      O-shaka-sama wa jigoku no yōsu o goran ni narinagara, kono Kandata ni wa kumo o tasuketa koto ga aru no o o-omoidashi ni narimashita.
      While observing the state of Hell, Shakyamuni recalled that this Kandata had once spared a spider.
    • 1999 March 27, “蜘蛛(クモ)男(おとこ)”, in Vol.2, Konami:
      巨(きょ)大(だい)クモが知(ち)恵(え)をつけた姿(すがた)。糸(いと)を吐(は)き動(うご)きを封(ふう)じ込(こ)める。
      Kyodai kumo ga chie o tsuketa sugata. Ito o haki ugoki o fūjikomeru.
      This giant spider appears to be quite intelligent. It will lock your every movement with its threads.
    • 1999 July 22, “ハンター・スパイダー [Hunter Spider]”, in Vol.4, Konami:
      クモの巣(す)の罠(わな)を仕(し)掛(か)け狩(か)りをする。罠(わな)にかかったものは食(た)べてしまう。
      Kumo no su no wana o shikakekari o suru. Wana ni kakatta mono wa tabete shimau.
      It hunts by laying its spiderweb traps, and it eats whatever gets tangled in them.
Usage notes edit

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as クモ.

Derived terms edit
Derived terms

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
蜘 蛛
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji

Noun edit

蜘蛛(こっ) • (ko') 

  1. (dialect, Kagoshima) spider

Etymology 3 edit

Kanji in this term
蜘 蛛
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji

Noun edit

蜘蛛(こぶ) • (kobu) 

  1. (dialect, Kumamoto, Miyazaki, Saga) spider
  2. (dialect, Tanegashima) large spider

Etymology 4 edit

Kanji in this term
蜘 蛛
ち
Hyōgaiji 		ちゅう
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 蜘蛛 (ʈiᴇ ʈɨo). Compare modern Hakka reading tî-tû, Eastern Min tĭ-tṳ̆, Min Nan ti-tu. Probably borrowed at a different time or from a different dialect than chichu below.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [t͡ɕit͡ɕɨᵝː]

Noun edit

蜘(ち)蛛(ちゅう) • (chichū) 

  1. spider
Derived terms edit
Derived terms

Etymology 5 edit

Kanji in this term
蜘 蛛
ち
Hyōgaiji 		ちゅ
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 蜘蛛 (ʈiᴇ ʈɨo). Compare modern Hakka reading tî-tû, Eastern Min tĭ-tṳ̆, Min Nan ti-tu. Probably borrowed at a different time or from a different dialect than chichū above.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

蜘(ち)蛛(ちゅ) • (chichu) 

  1. spider

Etymology 6 edit

Kanji in this term
蜘 蛛
ち
Hyōgaiji 		しゅ
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 蜘蛛 (ʈiᴇ ʈɨo). This reading is the kan'yōyomi, and is thus a later phonetic shift after borrowing, read as 知朱.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

蜘(ち)蛛(しゅ) • (chishu) 

  1. spider
Derived terms edit
Derived terms

References edit

  1. ^ Vovin, Alexander (2021) “Names of Large Exotic Animals and the Urheimat of Japonic”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics, number 3, pages 105-120
  2. ^ 蜘蛛's regional variants in JLect
  3. ^ 雲's regional variants in JLect
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  • Fukane no Sukehito (c. 901–923) Maruyama Yumiko, Wu Qian, editors, Honzō Wamyō: Eiin, Honkoku to Kenkyū) (in Japanese), Kyūko Shoin, published 2021, →ISBN.
  • “こっ【蜘蛛】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
  • “こぶ【蜘蛛】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
  • “こぶ【蜘蛛】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Korean edit

Hanja in this term
蜘蛛

Noun edit

蜘蛛 • (jiju) (hangeul 지주)

  1. Hanja form? of 지주 (“spider”).

Okinawan edit

Kanji in this term
蜘 蛛
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

蜘蛛(くーばー) (kūbā) 

  1. spider

References edit

Southern Amami-Oshima edit

Kanji in this term
蜘 蛛
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji

Noun edit

蜘蛛(こぶ) (kobu) 

  1. spider

References edit

  • “こぶ【蜘蛛】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.

Vietnamese edit

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
蜘蛛

Noun edit

蜘蛛

  1. chữ Hán form of tri thù (“arachnid”).

Yonaguni edit

Kanji in this term
蜘 蛛
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

蜘蛛(くぶ) (kubu) 

  1. spider

References edit

  • “くぶ【蜘蛛】” in JLect - Japonic Languages and Dialects Database Dictionary, 2019.
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