蜂

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

蜂 (radical 142, 虫+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 中戈竹水十 (LIHEJ), four-corner 5715₄, composition ⿰虫夆)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 1084, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33088
Dae Jaweon: page 1551, character 23
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2857, character 7
Unihan data for U+8702

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		蜂
alternative forms		蠭

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (丰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
邦	*proːŋ
梆	*proːŋ
垹	*proːŋ
肨	pʰroːŋs, pʰroːŋs
蚌	broːŋʔ, breːŋʔ
玤	*broːŋʔ
棒	*broːŋʔ
蜯	*broːŋʔ
琫	*poːŋʔ
菶	poːŋʔ, boːŋʔ
俸	poːŋʔ, boŋs
髼	*boːŋ
蜂	boːŋ, pʰoŋ
韸	*boːŋ
蓬	*boːŋ
篷	*boːŋ
唪	boːŋʔ, boŋʔ
埲	*boːŋʔ
丰	*pʰoŋ
妦	*pʰoŋ
仹	*pʰoŋ
峯	*pʰoŋ
峰	*pʰoŋ
鋒	*pʰoŋ
烽	*pʰoŋ
蠭	*pʰoŋ
桻	*pʰoŋ
莑	*pʰoŋ
夆	pʰoŋ, boŋ, *ɡaːds
捧	*pʰoŋʔ
逢	*boŋ
縫	boŋ, boŋs
漨	*boŋ
捀	boŋ, boŋs
奉	*boŋʔ

Simplified from 蠭. Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *boːŋ, *pʰoŋ): semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 夆 (OC *pʰoŋ, *boŋ, *ɡaːds) – a kind of insect.

EtymologyEdit

Cognate with Tibetan བུང་བ (bung ba, “bee”) (Schuessler, 2007). STEDT lists 蜂 as a Chinese comparandum under its Proto-Sino-Tibetan root *pljum (“bee, wasp”).

May be ultimately of onomatopoeic origin. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *ʔu(ə)ŋ ~ hu(ə)ŋ (“bee, wasp, hornet”), whence Vietnamese ong (“bee”).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Pinyin): fēng (feng¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄈㄥ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fung¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phûng / fûng
Min Bei (KCR): pó̤ng
Min Dong (BUC): pŭng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): phang / hong

(Teochew, Peng'im): pang¹
Wu (Wiktionary): fon (T1)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: fēng
  - Zhuyin: ㄈㄥ
  - Wade–Giles: fêng¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: feng
  - Tongyong Pinyin: fong
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fɤŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: fung¹
  - Yale: fūng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fung¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: fung¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: pung´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰuŋ²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phûng / fûng
  - Hakka Romanization System: pung´ / fung´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pung¹ / fung¹
  - Sinological IPA: /pʰuŋ²⁴/, /fuŋ²⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: pó̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔŋ⁵⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: pŭng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phang / hong
  - Tâi-lô: phang / hong
  - Phofsit Daibuun: phafng, hofng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰaŋ³³/, /hɔŋ³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pʰaŋ⁴⁴/, /hɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

phang - vernacular;
hong - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: pang¹
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phang
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaŋ³³/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: fon (T1)
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊŋ⁵³/

Middle Chinese: /buŋ/, /pʰɨoŋ/

Rime
Character	蜂	蜂
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	滂 (2)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	薄紅切	敷容切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buŋ/	/pʰɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/buŋ/	/pʰioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/buŋ/	/pʰioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bəwŋ/	/pʰuawŋ/
Li Rong	/buŋ/	/pʰioŋ/
Wang Li	/buŋ/	/pʰĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuŋ/	/pʰi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	péng	fēng

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pʰ(r)oŋ/

(Zhengzhang): /*boːŋ/, /*pʰoŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	蜂
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fēng
Middle Chinese	‹ phjowng ›
Old Chinese	/*pʰ(r)oŋ/
English	bee
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	蜂	蜂
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	3214	3226
Phonetic component	丰	丰
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	蓬	峯
Old Chinese	/*boːŋ/	/*pʰoŋ/
Notes		同蠭

DefinitionsEdit

蜂

Apoidea or Vespa (wasps, bees and hornets)
蜜蜂 ― mìfēng ― bee; honeybee

黃蜂 / 黄蜂 ― huángfēng ― wasp
(specifically) honeybee
蜂蜜 ― fēngmì ― honey
swarm

SynonymsEdit

Dialectal synonyms of 蜜蜂 (“honeybee”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		蜜蜂, 蠟蜂
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		蜜蜂
Taxonomic name		蜜蜂
Mandarin	Beijing	蜜蜂
	Taiwan	蜜蜂
	Langfang	蜜蜂兒
	Tangshan	蜜蜂
	Cangzhou	蜜蜂
	Baoding	蜜蜂兒
	Shijiazhuang	蜜蜂
	Daming	蜜蜂
	Harbin	蜜蜂兒
	Shenyang	蜜蜂
	Hailar	蜜蜂
	Ulanhot	蜜蜂
	Tongliao	蜜蜂
	Chifeng	蜜蜂
	Bayanhot	蜜蜂
	Jinan	蜜蜂
	Muping	蜜蜂兒, 蜜蜂子, 蜜蜂
	Luoyang	蜜蜂兒, 蜂兒
	Wanrong	蜜蜂, 蜂
	Xi'an	蜜蜂兒, 蜜蜂, 蜂
	Zhengzhou	蜜蜂
	Xining	蜜蜂兒, 蜜蜂
	Xuzhou	蜂子
	Yinchuan	蜜蜂
	Lanzhou	蜂兒
	Ürümqi	蜜蜂
	Wuhan	蜂子, 蜜蜂
	Huanggang	蜂子
	Chengdu	蜂子, 蜜蜂
	Guiyang	蜜蜂
	Guilin	蜜蜂
	Liuzhou	蜜蜂
	Kunming	蜜蜂
	Yangzhou	蜜蜂
	Hefei	蜜蜂
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	蜜蜂
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	蜜蜂
Cantonese	Guangzhou	蜜蜂
	Hong Kong	蜜蜂
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	蜜仔
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	蜜
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	蜜仔
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	蜜仔
	Macau	蜜蜂
	Panyu	蜜蜂
	Huadu (Huashan)	蜜蜂
	Conghua	蜜仔
	Zengcheng	蜜仔
	Foshan	蜜蜂
	Nanhai (Shatou)	蜜蜂
	Shunde	蜜蜂
	Sanshui	蜜蜂
	Gaoming (Mingcheng)	蜜蜂
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	蜜蜂
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	蜜蜂
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	蜜蜂
	Doumen	蜜蜂
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	蜜蜂
	Xinhui	蜜蜂
	Taishan	蜜蜂
	Kaiping (Chikan)	蜜蜂
	Enping (Niujiang)	蜜蜂
	Heshan (Yayao)	蜜蜂
	Dongguan	蜜蜂
	Bao'an (Shajing)	蜜蜂
	Qingyuan	蜜蜂
	Fogang	蜜仔
	Yingde (Hanguang)	蜜蜂
	Yangshan	蜜蜂
	Lianshan (Butian)	蜜蜂
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	蜜蜂
	Shaoguan	蜜蜂
	Qujiang	蜜蜂
	Renhua	蜜仔
	Lechang	蜜蜂
	Gaoyao	蜜蜂
	Sihui	蜜蜂
	Guangning	蜜仔
	Deqing	蜜蜂
	Huaiji	蜜蜂
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	蜜, 蜜蜂
	Yunfu	蜜仔
	Xinxing	蜜仔
	Luoding	蜜蜂
	Yunan (Pingtai)	蜜蜂
	Yangjiang	蜜蜂
	Xinyi	蜜蜂
	Lianjiang	蜜蜂
	Nanning	蜜蜂
	Wuzhou	蜜蜂
	Yulin	蜜蜂
	Hepu	糖蜂
	Kuala Lumpur	蜜蜂, 蜜仔
	Ho Chi Minh City	蜜蜂
Gan	Nanchang	蜜蜂
	Lichuan	蜜蜂
	Pingxiang	蜂子
Hakka	Meixian	糖蜂仔, 蜂仔, 蜜蜂
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	禾蜂
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	蜜仔
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	黃蜂
	Zengcheng (Zhengguo)	蜜仔
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	蜜子
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	蜜子
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	蜂哩
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	蜂哩
	Wuhua (Changbu)	蜂哩
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	蜂哩
	Conghua (Lütian)	蜜蜂
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	糖蜂
	Wuping	糖蜂子
	Yudu	蜂子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	糖蜂仔
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	糖蜂仔, 蜂仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	糖蜂仔
	Dongshi (Dabu)	糖蜂, 蜂
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	糖蜂仔, 蜂仔
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	蜜蜂
	Hong Kong	蜜仔
	Sabah (Longchuan)	蜜仔
	Senai	蜜蜂
	Singkawang	蜂
Huizhou	Jixi	蜂
Huizhou	Tunxi	蜜蜂
Jin	Taiyuan	蜜蜂
	Pingyao	蜜蠅兒
	Baochang	蜜蜂
	Jining	蜜蜂
	Hohhot	蜜蜂
	Baotou	蜜蜂
	Dongsheng	蜂兒
	Linhe	蜜蜂
	Haibowan	蜂兒
	Zhangjiakou	蜜蜂兒
	Handan	蜜蜂兒
Min Bei	Jian'ou	蜂, 糖蜂, 蜜蜂
Min Bei	Wuyishan	蜂仔
Min Dong	Fuzhou	蜜蜂, 蜂
	Fuqing	蜜蜂
	Matsu	蜂
Min Nan	Xiamen	蜜蜂
	Quanzhou	蜜蜂
	Zhangzhou	蜜蜂
	Taipei	蜜蜂
	Kaohsiung	蜜蜂, 蜂
	Tainan	蜂
	Taichung	蜂
	Wuqi	蜂
	Hsinchu	蜂
	Taitung	蜂
	Lukang	蜂
	Sanxia	蜜蜂
	Yilan	蜂
	Kinmen	蜂, 蜜蜂
	Magong	蜂
	Penang (Hokkien)	蜜蜂
	Singapore (Hokkien)	蜜蜂
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	糖蜂仔
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	蜜蜂
	Chaozhou	蜂
	Shantou	蜜蜂
	Thailand (Bangkok Teochew)	蜜蜂
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	蜜蜂
	Wenchang	蜂
	Haikou	糖蜂, 蜂
	Leizhou	糖蜂, 蜂
Min Zhong	Yong'an	糖蜂
	Sanyuan	糖蜂
	Shaxian	糖蜂
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	蜜蜂
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	蜜蜂
Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	蜜蜂
Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	蜜蜂
Shehua	Fu'an	蜂仔
	Fuding	蜜蜂
	Luoyuan	蜜蜂
	Sanming	糖蜂
	Shunchang	蜂仔
	Hua'an	蜜蜂
	Guixi	糖蜂
	Cangnan	蜂
	Jingning	蜂
	Lishui	蜜蜂
	Longyou	蜂
	Chaozhou	蜂
	Fengshun	蜂
Wu	Shanghai	蜜蜂
	Suzhou	蜜蜂
	Wuxi	蜜蜂
	Hangzhou	蜜蜂
	Wenzhou	蜜蜂
	Chongming	蜜蜂
	Danyang	蜜蜂
	Jinhua	蜜蜂, 蜂
	Ningbo	蜜蜂
Xiang	Changsha	蜜蜂子, 蜜蜂
	Shuangfeng	蜜蜂
	Loudi	蜜蜂
	Quanzhou	蜜蜂