bane
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English bane, from Old English bana, from Proto-Germanic *banô (compare Old High German bano (“death”), Icelandic bani (“bane, death”)), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰon-on-, from the o-grade of *gʷʰen- (“to strike, to kill”).
NounEdit
bane (countable and uncountable, plural banes)
- A cause of misery or death.
- Synonyms: affliction, curse
- Antonym: boon
- the bane of one's existence
- [1633], George Herbert, “Avarice”, in [Nicholas Ferrar], editor, The Temple: Sacred Poems, and Private Ejaculations, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Thomas Buck and Roger Daniel; and are to be sold by Francis Green, […], →OCLC; reprinted London: Elliot Stock, […], 1885, →OCLC, page 69:
- Money, thou bane of bliſſe, & ſourſe of wo, / Whence com'ſt thou, that thou art ſo freſh and fine? / I know thy parentage is baſe and low: / Man found thee poore and dirtie in a mine.
- 1961 September, B. Perren, “The Tilbury Line serves industrial North Thameside”, in Modern Railways, page 556:
- At Barking, previously the bane of L.T.S. operating staff, the new works have now simplified the working of traffic from four converging routes in the area.
- (dated) Poison, especially any of several poisonous plants.
- (obsolete) A killer, murderer, slayer.
- (obsolete) Destruction; death.
- 1650, [John Milton], “Intitled to the Prince of Wales”, in ΈΙΚΟΝΟΚΛΑΣΤΗΣ [Éikonoklastēs]. […], new (2nd) edition, London: […] G. Kearsly, […], published 1770, →OCLC, pages 272–273:
- [I]f now again intoxicated and moaped with theſe royal, and therefore ſo delicious becauſe royal rudiments of bondate, the cup of deception, ſpiced and tempered to their bane, they ſhould deliver up themſelves to theſe glozing words and illuſions of him, whoſe rage and utmoſt violence they have ſuſtained, and overcome ſo nobly.
- A disease of sheep.
- Synonym: rot
Derived termsEdit
- a boon and a bane
- a boon or a bane
- Austrian leopard's bane (Doronicum austriacum)
- -bane
- baneberry (Actaea spp.)
- baneful
- bane of one's existence
- bane of one's life
- bollan bane
- boon and bane
- boon or bane
- common dogbane (Apocynum androsaemifolium)
- dog bane (Coleus comosus, syn. Plectranthus ornatus)
- dogs-bane
- leopard's bane (Doronicum spp. et al.)
- libbard's bane
- tippler's bane
- wolf's bane
- wolfsbane (Aconitum spp.)
TranslationsEdit
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VerbEdit
bane (third-person singular simple present banes, present participle baning, simple past and past participle baned)
- (transitive) To kill, especially by poison; to be the poison of.
- (transitive) To be the bane of.
TranslationsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English ban (northern dialect), from Old English bān.
NounEdit
bane (plural banes)
- (chiefly Scotland) Bone.
- 1686, "Lyke-Wake Dirge" as printed in The Oxford Book of English Verse (1900) p. 361:
- The fire will burn thee to the bare bane.
- 1686, "Lyke-Wake Dirge" as printed in The Oxford Book of English Verse (1900) p. 361:
ReferencesEdit
- Webster's Seventh New Collegiate Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, G.&C. Merriam Co., 1967
- bane at OneLook Dictionary Search
AnagramsEdit
DanishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
bane
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
bane
DutchEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
VerbEdit
bane
JapaneseEdit
RomanizationEdit
bane
LatinEdit
NounEdit
bane
ManxEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Irish bán, from Proto-Celtic *bānos (“white”).
AdjectiveEdit
bane (plural baney, comparative baney)
- white, blank, pallid
- fair, blonde
- Shen Illiam Bane. ― That's fair-haired William.
- fallow
- Faag y magher bane. ― Leave the field lea.
Derived termsEdit
- ard-firryn bane (“white deadnettle”)
- caillagh vane (“smew”)
- fo-vane (“whitish”)
- hullad vane (“barn owl, white owl”)
- immyr vane (“balk”)
- pibbin vane (“fulmar”)
- urley bane (“gyrfalcon”)
- Yn Vooir Vane (“the White Sea”)
MutationEdit
Manx mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
bane | vane | mane |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
See alsoEdit
bane | lheeah | doo |
jiarg; feer-yiarg | jiarg-bwee; dhone | bwee; bane-wuigh |
geayney, glass | ||
gorrym-ghlass, speyr-ghorrym | gorrym | |
plooreenagh | jiarg gorrym | jiarg-bane |
ReferencesEdit
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “bane”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Middle DutchEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Dutch *bana, from Proto-Germanic *banō.
NounEdit
bāne f
InflectionEdit
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Dutch *bano, from Proto-Germanic *banô.
NounEdit
bāne f or m
InflectionEdit
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Further readingEdit
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “bane (I)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page I
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “bane (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Middle EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Inherited from Old English bana, from Proto-West Germanic *banō, from Proto-Germanic *banô.
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bane (plural banes)
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “bāne, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
bane (plural banes)
- Alternative form of bon
Norwegian BokmålEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle Low German bane, compare with German Bahn.
NounEdit
bane m (definite singular banen, indefinite plural baner, definite plural banene)
- a trajectory
- a railway line
- a sports field
- a racing track
- orbit (of a satellite, including the moon)
SynonymsEdit
- (orbit): omløpsbane
Derived termsEdit
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Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
bane m (definite singular banen, indefinite plural baner, definite plural banene)
- death (by murder)
Etymology 3Edit
From Middle Low German bane, compare with German bahnen.
VerbEdit
bane (imperative ban, present tense baner, passive banes, simple past bana or banet or bante, past participle bana or banet or bant, present participle banende)
- to pave, as in
- bane vei for - pave the way for
ReferencesEdit
- “bane” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian NynorskEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle Low German bane, compare with German Bahn.
NounEdit
bane m or f (definite singular banen or bana, indefinite plural banar or baner, definite plural banane or banene)
- a trajectory
- a railway line
- a sports field
- a racing track
- orbit (of a satellite, including the moon)
Derived termsEdit
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Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
bane m (definite singular banen, indefinite plural banar, definite plural banane)
- death (by murder)
Etymology 3Edit
From Middle Low German bane.
Alternative formsEdit
VerbEdit
bane (present tense banar, past tense bana, past participle bana, passive infinitive banast, present participle banande, imperative bane/ban)
- to pave, as in
- bane veg for - pave the way for
ReferencesEdit
- “bane” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old FrisianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *baunu, from Proto-Germanic *baunō. Cognates include Old English bēan, Old Saxon bōna and Old Dutch *bōna.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bāne f
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN
PortugueseEdit
VerbEdit
bane
- inflection of banir:
ScotsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English bane, from Old English bān, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.
PronunciationEdit
- IPA(key): [ben]
- (Doric Scots) IPA(key): [bin], [bein]
NounEdit
bane (plural banes)
Derived termsEdit
- banie (“bony”)
- breestbane (“breastbone”)
- clatter banes (“castanets”)
- dirlie-bane (“funny bone”)
- fortuin bane, thochtbane (“wishbone”)
- hausebane (“collarbone”)
- hurkle-bane (“hip bone”)
- marrae-bane (“marrowbone”)
- near the bane (“tight-fisted”)
- rickle o banes (“an emaciated, broken-down person or animal”)
- rumple-bane (“rump-bone, coccyx”)
- shackle-bane (“wrist”)
- spaul-bane (“shoulder blade”)
- thee-bane (“thighbone”)
SwedishEdit
EtymologyEdit
As a simplex noun a borrowing from Old Swedish bani, from Old Norse bani, from Proto-Germanic *banô, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰon-on-, from the o-grade of *gʷʰen- (“to strike, to kill”). Cognate to English bane, Icelandic bani.
The word can be regarded as a reborrowing from Old Swedish mediaeval literature. It is not attested in writing in the 16th and 17th centuries, but was reinforced due to its usage in the mediaeval Swedish country laws, which were in use until the 18th century. During the 17th century its usage is usually accompanied by a definition explaining the meaning. It was revived in the late 17th century due to the resurging interest in the middle ages and the Icelandic sagas, cf. other Icelandic loans from the same era, e.g. idrott, skald, dyrd. Already in SAOB (1899) it is regarded as archaic or literary and mostly used in a few set phrases.
The word survived in the compound baneman (“slayer, murderer”), which is attested from the 16th and 17th centuries, and dialectally in the southern Swedish word hönsbane (“henbane, Hyoscyamus niger”), in standard Swedish bolmört.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
bane c (indeclinable)
- (archaic) cause of someone’s (violent) death; bane
- 1830, Fredrika Bremer, Mary Howitt, transl., Familjen H*** [The H— family][1]:
- Din egen passionerade själ — se där draken, mot vilken du bör strida, vars eld skall förtära dig och bliva andras bane, om den ej kväves.
- […]thy own impassioned soul! Behold the dragon with which thou oughtest to contend—whose fire will consume thee, and be the bane of others, if thou do not subject it.
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
AnagramsEdit
YolaEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English bane, from Old English bān, from Proto-West Germanic *bain, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.
NounEdit
bane
ReferencesEdit
- Jacob Poole (1867), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, page 24