bura
Azerbaijani edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
bura
- here, this place.
- Bura qalmalı yer deyil ― This (place) is not a place where one can live
- Bura hər hansısa filmdən bir fraqment deyil, bura Suriyadır ― This (place) is not a fragment from a movie, this (place) is Syria
- Bura Spartadır! ― This is Sparta!
Declension edit
Declension of bura | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | bura |
buralar | ||||||
definite accusative | buranı |
buraları | ||||||
dative | buraya |
buralara | ||||||
locative | burada |
buralarda | ||||||
ablative | buradan |
buralardan | ||||||
definite genitive | buranın |
buraların |
Etymology 2 edit
From a reduction of buraya, singular dative of bura.
Adverb edit
bura
- to here, to this place, hither.
- bura mənim toçkamdır, heç kim bura gəlməsin
- This is my spot, no one should come here
Dalmatian edit
Etymology edit
Probably ultimately from Latin boreas < Ancient Greek Βορέᾱς (Boréās). Compare Italian borea, Romanian bură, Venetian bura.
Noun edit
bura f
Gamilaraay edit
Noun edit
bura
Garo edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Bengali বুড়ো (buṛō).
Noun edit
bura
Derived terms edit
Hausa edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
būrā f (possessed form būrar̃)
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bura
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | bura | burák |
accusative | burát | burákat |
dative | burának | buráknak |
instrumental | burával | burákkal |
causal-final | buráért | burákért |
translative | burává | burákká |
terminative | buráig | burákig |
essive-formal | buraként | burákként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | burában | burákban |
superessive | burán | burákon |
adessive | buránál | buráknál |
illative | burába | burákba |
sublative | burára | burákra |
allative | burához | burákhoz |
elative | burából | burákból |
delative | buráról | burákról |
ablative | burától | buráktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
buráé | buráké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
buráéi | burákéi |
Possessive forms of bura | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | burám | buráim |
2nd person sing. | burád | buráid |
3rd person sing. | burája | burái |
1st person plural | buránk | buráink |
2nd person plural | burátok | buráitok |
3rd person plural | burájuk | buráik |
References edit
- ^ Section 45 in A magyar helyesírás szabályai, 12. kiadás (’The Rules of Hungarian Orthography, 12th edition’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2015. →ISBN
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
bura
- to spit (said of snakes)
Further reading edit
- “bura” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
bura
Latin edit
Etymology edit
From Etruscan 𐌐𐌖𐌓𐌀 (pura, “plough beam”).[1]
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈbuː.ra/, [ˈbuːrä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈbu.ra/, [ˈbuːrä]
Noun edit
būra f (genitive būrae); first declension
Declension edit
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | būra | būrae |
Genitive | būrae | būrārum |
Dative | būrae | būrīs |
Accusative | būram | būrās |
Ablative | būrā | būrīs |
Vocative | būra | būrae |
Descendants edit
- Italian: bure
References edit
- “bura”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- bura in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- “bura”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia[1]
- “bura”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “bura”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
- “bura”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
- ^ McInerney, Jeremy (2014): A Companion to Ethnicity in the Ancient Mediterranean
Latvian edit
Etymology edit
Cognate to Lithuanian bùrė (“sail”). Ultimately perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *bew-, *bʰew- (“to swell”) (whence also bozt) with a suffix -rā- whence Proto-Baltic *burā- whence the Latvian term with the initial meaning of “that which inflates”. It is possible that the Lithuanian term is a borrowing from Latvian (Nieminen, Fraenkel). Of the same origin are the dialectal terms būra, būris (“crowd”), compare Lithuanian būrỹs (“crowd”), Sanskrit भूरि (bhū́ri, “plentiful; numerous”). [The usual meaning of būris (“cage”) is unrelated, this is a borrowing from Middle Low German.]
A different opinion (Pokorny, Endzelīns) is that this term is to be linked with Ancient Greek φᾶρος (phâros), later form φάρος (pháros, “fabric, canvas”) from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to weave”) or, according to a different opinion (Mikola, Nieminen, Fraenkel), the term is borrowed from Livonian pūŗaz (< *purri), compare Finnish purje (“id.”) However, no forms with p- have been recorded in Latvian dialects.
This term was introduced in the literary language (from some dialect) during the 1870s by K. Valdemārs, before that the typical term for a sail was zēģele, from Middle Dutch zegel or Middle Low German segel (“sail”). Karulis assumes that bura must have been a Curonian word noting similarities with the Kursenieki (Latvian language enclaves around the Curonian Lagoon, former East Prussia) terms bur(-a) and burpils “crooked or hollowed out piece of wood for sprinkling sails with water”, where -pils from pilt “to bail (i.e., scoop water)”.[1]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bura f (4th declension)
Declension edit
References edit
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “bura”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buʀah, from Proto-Austronesian *buʀəS.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
bura (Jawi spelling بورا)
Derived terms edit
Regular affixed derivations:
- pembura [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- membura [agent focus] (meN-)
- memburakan [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- dibura [patient focus] (di-)
- diburakan [patient focus + causative benefactive] (di- + -kan)
- terbura [agentless action] (teR-)
- berbura [stative / habitual] (beR-)
Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:
Descendants edit
- Indonesian: bura
Further reading edit
- “bura” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Old Norse edit
Noun edit
bura
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Back-formation from burka.
Noun edit
bura f
- (colloquial) rebuke
- Synonyms: obryw, obskok, ochrzan, opeer, reprymenda
Declension edit
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective edit
bura
Further reading edit
- bura in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- bura in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego/bura on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource pl
Romanian edit
Alternative forms edit
- бура (bura) — post-1930s Cyrillic spelling
Etymology edit
Possibly a substrate word.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
a bura (third-person singular present burează, past participle burat) 1st conj.
- to drizzle
Conjugation edit
infinitive | a bura | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | burând | ||||||
past participle | burat | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | burez | burezi | burează | burăm | burați | burează | |
imperfect | buram | burai | bura | buram | burați | burau | |
simple perfect | burai | burași | bură | burarăm | burarăți | burară | |
pluperfect | burasem | buraseși | burase | buraserăm | buraserăți | buraseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să burez | să burezi | să bureze | să burăm | să burați | să bureze | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | burează | burați | |||||
negative | nu bura | nu burați |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Paliga, Sorin (2024) An Etymological Dictionary of the Romanian Language, New York: Peter Lang, →ISBN, page 206
Romansch edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
bura f (plural buras)
Synonyms edit
- (Rumantsch Grischun, Sursilvan, Surmiran, Puter, Vallader) balla
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *buřa, akin to Bulgarian and Russian буря (burja), Slovene burja, Slovak búrka and búrať (“to crush”). Non-Slavic cognates include Old Norse byrr (“fair wind”), Latin furō (“I rage, rave”), Sanskrit भुरति (bhurati, “to stir, palpitate”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bȕra f (Cyrillic spelling бу̏ра)
- bora (wind)
- Bura jača.
- The bora is growing strong.
- Bura slabi.
- The bora is growing weak.
- (figuratively) an event that causes much stir, passion and changes
- Njen dolazak je izazvao buru negodovanja.
- Her arrival caused a lot of disapproval.
Declension edit
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Verb edit
bura (present burar, preterite burade, supine burat, imperative bura)
- Only used in bura in
Conjugation edit
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | bura | buras | ||
Supine | burat | burats | ||
Imperative | bura | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | buren | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | burar | burade | buras | burades |
Ind. plural1 | bura | burade | buras | burades |
Subjunctive2 | bure | burade | bures | burades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | burande | |||
Past participle | burad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
References edit
Tagalog edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Spanish borrar (“to erase”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
burá (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜇ)
Derived terms edit
Adjective edit
burá (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜇ)
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See boda.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
bura (Baybayin spelling ᜊᜓᜇ)
Further reading edit
- “bura”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish بورا (bura), equivalent to bu + -ra.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
bura (definite accusative burayı, plural buralar)
- (colloquial) this place here.
- 1965, Aziz Nesin, “Basbayağı Bir Kadri”, reprinted in Sosyalizm Geliyor Savulun, Nesin Yayıncılık, 2019, page 22:
- Hiç öyle bir namlı topçu, bura takımında oynamaya tenezzül eder mi?
- Would such a famous footballer deign to play on the local team?
- 1965, Aziz Nesin, “Basbayağı Bir Kadri”, reprinted in Sosyalizm Geliyor Savulun, Nesin Yayıncılık, 2019, page 22:
Usage notes edit
Formerly in common use, this noun is used as such only colloquially in present-day Turkish, and then only to refer to places of lesser importance, like some backwoods town. Several of its inflected forms, however, are commonly used, mainly as adverbs.
Declension edit
Inflection | ||
---|---|---|
Nominative | bura | |
Definite accusative | burayı | |
Singular | Plural | |
Nominative | bura | buralar |
Definite accusative | burayı | buraları |
Dative | buraya | buralara |
Locative | burada | buralarda |
Ablative | buradan | buralardan |
Genitive | buranın | buraların |
Derived terms edit
Yoruba edit
Etymology edit
From bú (“to insult, to hurl invectives”) + ara (“body”), literally “to hurl invectives at one's self”.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
búra
- (transitive) to swear, to take an oath, to forswear