lupa
BasqueEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Spanish lupa, from French loupe.
NounEdit
lupa inan
DeclensionEdit
Declension of lupa (inanimate, ending in -a) | |||
---|---|---|---|
indefinite | singular | plural | |
absolutive | lupa | lupa | lupak |
ergative | lupak | lupak | lupek |
dative | lupari | lupari | lupei |
genitive | luparen | luparen | lupen |
comitative | luparekin | luparekin | lupekin |
causative | luparengatik | luparengatik | lupengatik |
benefactive | luparentzat | luparentzat | lupentzat |
instrumental | lupaz | lupaz | lupez |
inessive | lupatan | lupan | lupetan |
locative | lupatako | lupako | lupetako |
allative | lupatara | lupara | lupetara |
terminative | lupataraino | luparaino | lupetaraino |
directive | lupatarantz | luparantz | lupetarantz |
destinative | lupatarako | luparako | lupetarako |
ablative | lupatatik | lupatik | lupetatik |
partitive | luparik | — | — |
prolative | lupatzat | — | — |
CatalanEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lupa f (plural lupes)
Further readingEdit
- “lupa” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
CzechEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lupa f
Further readingEdit
EsperantoEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
lupa
FinnishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *lupa, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”) (note the descendant Old Norse lof (“praise, permission”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”). Attested since the time of Mikael Agricola (16th century)-
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lupa
- permission
- Minulla on lupa olla poissa koulusta tänään.
- I have permission to be absent from the school today.
- Minulla on lupa ampumiseen.
- I have permission to shoot.
- Minulla on lupa olla poissa koulusta tänään.
- a license, permit
Usage notesEdit
That one has permission can always be expressed with the active first infinitive ("base form") of the verb, like olla in the first example above. Sometimes, especially if there are no other specifiers in addition to the verb, the illative of the active fourth infinitive is also accepted, like ampumiseen in the second example.
DeclensionEdit
Inflection of lupa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | lupa | luvat | |
genitive | luvan | lupien | |
partitive | lupaa | lupia | |
illative | lupaan | lupiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | lupa | luvat | |
accusative | nom. | lupa | luvat |
gen. | luvan | ||
genitive | luvan | lupien lupainrare | |
partitive | lupaa | lupia | |
inessive | luvassa | luvissa | |
elative | luvasta | luvista | |
illative | lupaan | lupiin | |
adessive | luvalla | luvilla | |
ablative | luvalta | luvilta | |
allative | luvalle | luville | |
essive | lupana | lupina | |
translative | luvaksi | luviksi | |
instructive | — | luvin | |
abessive | luvatta | luvitta | |
comitative | — | lupineen |
Possessive forms of lupa (type koira) | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | singular | plural |
1st person | lupani | lupamme |
2nd person | lupasi | lupanne |
3rd person | lupansa |
CompoundsEdit
- arpajaislupa
- aseenkantolupa
- elinkeinolupa
- hallussapitolupa
- hirvenkaatolupa
- hirvilupa
- julkaisulupa
- kaatolupa
- kauttakulkulupa
- kulkulupa
- lakkolupa
- liikennelupa
- lupa-anomus
- lupahakemus
- lupakirja
- lupalappu
- lupamaksu
- lupapäivä
- lupapäätös
- lupatarkastaja
- luvananto
- luvanhaku
- luvanvarainen
- lähtölupa
- maahantulolupa
- maahantuontilupa
- oleskelulupa
- opetuslupa
- poikkeuslupa
- poistumislupa
- rakennuslupa
- saarnalupa
- siirtolupa
- taksilupa
- televisiolupa
- toimilupa
- tuontilupa
- työlupa
- valituslupa
- vientilupa
- ympäristölupa
ReferencesEdit
- Häkkinen, Kaisa (2013). Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja. Helsinki: Sanoma Pro OY. →ISBN.
AnagramsEdit
GalicianEdit
NounEdit
lupa f (plural lupas)
IndonesianEdit
EtymologyEdit
- from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lupa, from Proto-Austronesian *lupa (“to forget”).
- From Sanskrit लोप (lopa, “neglect”).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
lupa
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “lupa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
IngrianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *lupa. Cognates include Finnish lupa and Estonian luba.
PronunciationEdit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈɫupɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈɫub̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -upɑ
- Hyphenation: lu‧pa
NounEdit
lupa
DeclensionEdit
Declension of lupa (type 3/koira, p-v gradation, gemination) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | lupa | luvat |
genitive | luvan | luppiin |
partitive | luppaa | luppia |
illative | luppaa | luppii |
inessive | luvas | luvis |
elative | luvast | luvist |
allative | luvalle | luville |
adessive | luval | luvil |
ablative | luvalt | luvilt |
translative | luvaks | luviks |
essive | lupanna, luppaan | lupinna, luppiin |
exessive1) | lupant | lupint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 24
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 278
ItalianEdit
EtymologyEdit
For Vulgar Latin *lūpa instead of the attested Latin lupa, also reflected by Piedmontese and Lombard luf, perhaps onomatopoeic of the wolf's howling. Similarly unexpected is French loup (despite Old French leu).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lupa f (plural lupe)
Derived termsEdit
AnagramsEdit
KapampanganEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Sanskrit रूप (rūpa). Compare Ilocano rupa, and Malay rupa.
NounEdit
lupa
KarelianEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *lupa, from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”).
NounEdit
lupa (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])
LatinEdit
EtymologyEdit
The feminine version of lupus. The sense “prostitute” is either a comparison of the prostitutes' predation on men to the wolf's rapacity,[1] as also in Isidore's (often fanciful) opinion,[2] or a reference to the she-wolf's uncleanliness and promiscuity (often culturally conflated), parallelled in English bitch.[3]
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lupa f (genitive lupae); first declension
DeclensionEdit
First-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -īs or -ābus).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | lupa | lupae |
Genitive | lupae | lupārum |
Dative | lupae | lupīs lupābus |
Accusative | lupam | lupās |
Ablative | lupā | lupīs lupābus |
Vocative | lupa | lupae |
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ J. N. Adams (1983), “WORDS FOR 'PROSTITUTE' IN LATIN”, in Rheinisches Museum für Philologie[1], volume 126, issue 3/4, ISSN 0035-449X, page 333 of 321–358
- ^ Isidore of Seville, Etymologies 10.163: "lupa, meretrix, a rapacitate uocata, quod ad se rapiat miseros et adprehendat"
- ^ Servius on Virgil's Aeneid 3.647: "lupae, id est meretrices, dictae ab obscenitatis et odoris similitudine."
Further readingEdit
- “lupa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “lupa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “lupa”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898) Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
MalayEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lupa.
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
lupa (Jawi spelling لوڤا)
- to forget
- Aku sudah lupa yang dia sudah berpindah!
- I've forgotten that she's moved away!
Further readingEdit
- “lupa” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Norwegian BokmålEdit
Alternative formsEdit
NounEdit
lupa m or f
Norwegian NynorskEdit
NounEdit
lupa f (definite singular lupa, indefinite plural luper or lupor, definite plural lupene or lupone)
AnagramsEdit
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French loupe, from Middle French loupe, from Old French loupe, from Frankish *luppa, from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ, *lub-, from Proto-Indo-European *lep-.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lupa f
DeclensionEdit
Further readingEdit
PortugueseEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French loupe.[1]
PronunciationEdit
- Hyphenation: lu‧pa
NounEdit
lupa f (plural lupas)
ReferencesEdit
- ^ “lupa” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
SicilianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
NounEdit
lupa f (plural lupi)
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
lupa f (plural lupi)
Etymology 3Edit
From the sound of brogna during the fog.
NounEdit
lupa f (plural lupi)
SpanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French loupe. Compare English loupe.
NounEdit
lupa f (plural lupas)
Further readingEdit
- “lupa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
TagalogEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Greater Central Philippine *lupaʔ (“earth”). Compare Maranao lopa', Maguindanao lopa, and Tausug lupa. Possibly related to Sanskrit रुप् (rúp, “earth”). An alternate etymology posits it to be from Malay rupa (“form, appearance”), from Sanskrit रूप (rūpa, “outward appearance, color, form, shape”). Compare Ilocano rupa.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lupà (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜉ)
- earth; ground; soil
- earth; world
- (figurative) country; nation
- land property
- basement; ground floor; downstairs
- Synonym: silong
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
AnagramsEdit
TausugEdit
NounEdit
lupa
VoticEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Finnic *lupa, from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
lupa
InflectionEdit
Declension of lupa (type V/poikõ, p-v gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | lupa | luvad |
genitive | luva | lupije, lupijõ, lupi |
partitive | luppa | lupitõ, lupi |
illative | luppa, luppasõ | lupije, lupijõ, lupisõ |
inessive | luvaz | lupiz |
elative | luvassõ | lupissõ |
allative | luvalõ | lupilõ |
adessive | luvallõ | lupillõ |
ablative | luvaltõ | lupiltõ |
translative | luvassi | lupissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |
ReferencesEdit
- V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language][3], 2 edition, Tallinn
West MakianEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
lupa
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of lupa (stative verb) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | tilupa | milupa | alupa | |
2nd person | nilupa | filupa | ||
3rd person | inanimate | ilupa | dilupa | |
animate | malupa | |||
imperative | —, lupa | —, lupa |
ReferencesEdit
- James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary[4], Pacific linguistics