Wiktionary

lupa

See also: lūpa, lūpā, łupą, lupã, lupą, and lupă

Basque edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Spanish lupa, from French loupe.

Noun edit

lupa inan

  1. magnifying glass

Declension edit

Declension of lupa (inanimate, ending in -a)
indefinite singular plural
absolutive lupa lupa lupak
ergative lupak lupak lupek
dative lupari lupari lupei
genitive luparen luparen lupen
comitative luparekin luparekin lupekin
causative luparengatik luparengatik lupengatik
benefactive luparentzat luparentzat lupentzat
instrumental lupaz lupaz lupez
inessive lupatan lupan lupetan
locative lupatako lupako lupetako
allative lupatara lupara lupetara
terminative lupataraino luparaino lupetaraino
directive lupatarantz luparantz lupetarantz
destinative lupatarako luparako lupetarako
ablative lupatatik lupatik lupetatik
partitive luparik — —
prolative lupatzat — —

Catalan edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from French loupe.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

lupa f (plural lupes)

  1. magnifying glass

Further reading edit

Czech edit

 
Czech Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia cs

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

lupa f

  1. magnifying glass

Declension edit

Declension of lupa (hard feminine)
singular plural
nominative lupa lupy
genitive lupy lup
dative lupě lupám
accusative lupu lupy
vocative lupo lupy
locative lupě lupách
instrumental lupou lupami

Further reading edit

  • lupa in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • lupa in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • lupa in Internetová jazyková příručka

Esperanto edit

Etymology edit

From lupo +‎ -a.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [ˈlupa]
  • Rhymes: -upa
  • Hyphenation: lu‧pa

Adjective edit

lupa

  1. lupine; concerning wolves

Finnish edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Finnic *lupa, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”) (note the descendant Old Norse lof (“praise, permission”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”). Attested since the time of Mikael Agricola (16th century).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈlupɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -upɑ
  • Syllabification(key): lu‧pa

Noun edit

lupa

  1. permission
    Minulla on lupa olla poissa koulusta tänään.
    I have permission to be absent from the school today.
    Minulla on lupa ampumiseen.
    I have permission to shoot.
  2. license, permit

Usage notes edit

That one has permission can always be expressed with the active first infinitive ("base form") of the verb, like olla in the first example above. Sometimes, especially if there are no other specifiers in addition to the verb, the illative of the active fourth infinitive is also accepted, like ampumiseen in the second example.

Declension edit

Inflection of lupa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation)
nominative lupa luvat
genitive luvan lupien
partitive lupaa lupia
illative lupaan lupiin
singular plural
nominative lupa luvat
accusative nom. lupa luvat
gen. luvan
genitive luvan lupien
lupainrare
partitive lupaa lupia
inessive luvassa luvissa
elative luvasta luvista
illative lupaan lupiin
adessive luvalla luvilla
ablative luvalta luvilta
allative luvalle luville
essive lupana lupina
translative luvaksi luviksi
abessive luvatta luvitta
instructive — luvin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of lupa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative lupani lupani
accusative nom. lupani lupani
gen. lupani
genitive lupani lupieni
lupainirare
partitive lupaani lupiani
inessive luvassani luvissani
elative luvastani luvistani
illative lupaani lupiini
adessive luvallani luvillani
ablative luvaltani luviltani
allative luvalleni luvilleni
essive lupanani lupinani
translative luvakseni luvikseni
abessive luvattani luvittani
instructive — —
comitative — lupineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative lupasi lupasi
accusative nom. lupasi lupasi
gen. lupasi
genitive lupasi lupiesi
lupaisirare
partitive lupaasi lupiasi
inessive luvassasi luvissasi
elative luvastasi luvistasi
illative lupaasi lupiisi
adessive luvallasi luvillasi
ablative luvaltasi luviltasi
allative luvallesi luvillesi
essive lupanasi lupinasi
translative luvaksesi luviksesi
abessive luvattasi luvittasi
instructive — —
comitative — lupinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative lupamme lupamme
accusative nom. lupamme lupamme
gen. lupamme
genitive lupamme lupiemme
lupaimmerare
partitive lupaamme lupiamme
inessive luvassamme luvissamme
elative luvastamme luvistamme
illative lupaamme lupiimme
adessive luvallamme luvillamme
ablative luvaltamme luviltamme
allative luvallemme luvillemme
essive lupanamme lupinamme
translative luvaksemme luviksemme
abessive luvattamme luvittamme
instructive — —
comitative — lupinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative lupanne lupanne
accusative nom. lupanne lupanne
gen. lupanne
genitive lupanne lupienne
lupainnerare
partitive lupaanne lupianne
inessive luvassanne luvissanne
elative luvastanne luvistanne
illative lupaanne lupiinne
adessive luvallanne luvillanne
ablative luvaltanne luviltanne
allative luvallenne luvillenne
essive lupananne lupinanne
translative luvaksenne luviksenne
abessive luvattanne luvittanne
instructive — —
comitative — lupinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative lupansa lupansa
accusative nom. lupansa lupansa
gen. lupansa
genitive lupansa lupiensa
lupainsarare
partitive lupaansa lupiaan
lupiansa
inessive luvassaan
luvassansa 		luvissaan
luvissansa
elative luvastaan
luvastansa 		luvistaan
luvistansa
illative lupaansa lupiinsa
adessive luvallaan
luvallansa 		luvillaan
luvillansa
ablative luvaltaan
luvaltansa 		luviltaan
luviltansa
allative luvalleen
luvallensa 		luvilleen
luvillensa
essive lupanaan
lupanansa 		lupinaan
lupinansa
translative luvakseen
luvaksensa 		luvikseen
luviksensa
abessive luvattaan
luvattansa 		luvittaan
luvittansa
instructive — —
comitative — lupineen
lupinensa

Derived terms edit

compounds

References edit

Further reading edit

Anagrams edit

Galician edit

Noun edit

lupa f (plural lupas)

  1. magnifying glass

Indonesian edit

Etymology edit

From Malay lupa,

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

lupa

  1. to forget
  2. to be unconscious
    Antonym: sadar
  3. to neglect
    Synonym: lalai
    Antonym: acuh

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

Ingrian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Finnic *lupa. Cognates include Finnish lupa and Estonian luba.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

lupa

  1. permission

Declension edit

Declension of lupa (type 3/koira, p-v gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative lupa luvat
genitive luvan luppiin
partitive luppaa luppia
illative luppaa luppii
inessive luvas luvis
elative luvast luvist
allative luvalle luville
adessive luval luvil
ablative luvalt luvilt
translative luvaks luviks
essive lupanna, luppaan lupinna, luppiin
exessive1) lupant lupint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms edit

References edit

  • V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 24
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 278

Italian edit

Etymology edit

For Vulgar Latin *lūpa instead of the attested Latin lupa, also reflected by Piedmontese and Lombard luf, perhaps onomatopoeic of the wolf's howling. Similarly unexpected is French loup (despite Old French leu).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈlu.pa/
  • Rhymes: -upa
  • Hyphenation: lù‧pa

Noun edit

lupa f (plural lupe)

  1. female equivalent of lupo (she-wolf)

Derived terms edit

Anagrams edit

Kapampangan edit

Etymology edit

From Sanskrit रूप (rūpa). Compare Ilocano rupa, and Malay rupa.

Noun edit

lupa

  1. face

Karelian edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Finnic *lupa, from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”).

Noun edit

lupa (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])

  1. permission

Kinaray-a edit

Etymology edit

From Greater Central Philippine *lupaʔ (“earth”). Compare Tagalog lupa, and Tausug lupa. Possibly related to Sanskrit रुप् (rúp, “earth”).

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈlupaʔ/, [ˈlu.paʔ]

Noun edit

lupà

  1. earth; ground; soil

Derived terms edit

Anagrams edit

Latin edit

Etymology edit

The feminine version of lupus. The sense “prostitute” is either a comparison of the prostitutes' predation on men to the wolf's rapacity,[1] as also in Isidore's (often fanciful) opinion,[2] or a reference to the she-wolf's uncleanliness and promiscuity (often culturally conflated), parallelled in English bitch.[3]

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

lupa f (genitive lupae); first declension

  1. she-wolf
  2. (slang) prostitute

Declension edit

First-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -īs or -ābus).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative lupa lupae
Genitive lupae lupārum
Dative lupae lupīs
lupābus
Accusative lupam lupās
Ablative lupā lupīs
lupābus
Vocative lupa lupae

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Aromanian: lupã
  • Asturian: lloba
  • Catalan: lloba
  • French: louve
  • Friulian: love
  • Italian: lupa
  • Neapolitan: lopa
  • Occitan: loba
  • Portuguese: loba
  • Sicilian: lupa
  • Spanish: loba
  • Venetian: lova

References edit

  1. ^ J. N. Adams (1983) “WORDS FOR 'PROSTITUTE' IN LATIN”, in Rheinisches Museum für Philologie‎[1], volume 126, number 3/4, →ISSN, page 333 of 321–358
  2. ^ Isidore of Seville, Etymologies 10.163: "lupa, meretrix, a rapacitate uocata, quod ad se rapiat miseros et adprehendat"
  3. ^ Servius on Virgil's Aeneid 3.647: "lupae, id est meretrices, dictae ab obscenitatis et odoris similitudine."

Further reading edit

  • “lupa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “lupa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “lupa”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers

Malay edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lupa.

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

lupa (Jawi spelling لوڤا)

  1. to forget
    Aku sudah lupa yang dia sudah berpindah!
    I've forgotten that she's moved away!

Further reading edit

Norwegian Bokmål edit

Alternative forms edit

Noun edit

lupa m or f

  1. definite feminine singular of lupe

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

Noun edit

lupa f (definite singular lupa, indefinite plural luper or lupor, definite plural lupene or lupone)

  1. (pre-2012) alternative form of lupe
  2. definite singular of lupe

Anagrams edit

Polish edit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology edit

Borrowed from French loupe, from Middle French loupe, from Old French loupe, from Frankish *luppa, from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ, *lub-, from Proto-Indo-European *lep-.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈlu.pa/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -upa
  • Syllabification: lu‧pa

Noun edit

lupa f

  1. magnifying glass

Declension edit

Declension of lupa
singular plural
nominative lupa lupy
genitive lupy lup
dative lupie lupom
accusative lupę lupy
instrumental lupą lupami
locative lupie lupach
vocative lupo lupy

Further reading edit

  • lupa in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • lupa in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from French loupe.[1]

Pronunciation edit

  • Rhymes: -upɐ
  • Hyphenation: lu‧pa

Noun edit

lupa f (plural lupas)

  1. magnifying glass

References edit

  1. ^ “lupa” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.

Sicilian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /lupa/
  • Hyphenation: lu‧pa

Etymology 1 edit

From Latin lupa.

Noun edit

lupa f (plural lupi)

  1. she-wolf

Etymology 2 edit

From Latin lupus (“wolf”).

Noun edit

lupa f (plural lupi)

  1. uncontrollable hunger

Etymology 3 edit

From the sound of brogna during the fog.

Noun edit

lupa f (plural lupi)

  1. fog, mist, especially on the sea

Spanish edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from French loupe. Compare English loupe.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈlupa/ [ˈlu.pa]
  • Rhymes: -upa
  • Syllabification: lu‧pa

Noun edit

lupa f (plural lupas)

  1. magnifying glass

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

Tagalog edit

Etymology edit

From Greater Central Philippine *lupaʔ (“earth”). Compare Maranao lopa', Maguindanao lopa, and Tausug lupa. Possibly related to Sanskrit रुप् (rúp, “earth”). An alternate etymology posits it to be from Malay rupa (“form, appearance”), from Sanskrit रूप (rūpa, “outward appearance, color, form, shape”). Compare Ilocano rupa.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

lupà (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜉ)

  1. earth; ground; soil
  2. earth; world
    Synonyms: mundo, daigdig
  3. (figurative) country; nation
    Synonyms: bayan, bansa
  4. land property
  5. basement; ground floor; downstairs
    Synonym: silong

Derived terms edit

See also edit

Further reading edit

  • “lupa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Anagrams edit

Tausug edit

Noun edit

lupa

  1. earth; ground; soil

Votic edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Finnic *lupa, from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”).

Pronunciation edit

  • (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈɫupɑ]
  • Rhymes: -upɑ
  • Hyphenation: lu‧pa

Noun edit

lupa

  1. permission

Inflection edit

Declension of lupa (type V/poikõ, p-v gradation)
singular plural
nominative lupa luvad
genitive luva lupijõ, lupii
partitive luppa lupiitõ, lupii
illative luppasõ, luppa lupiisõ
inessive luvaz lupiiz
elative luvassõ lupiissõ
allative luvalõ lupiilõ
adessive luvallõ lupiillõ
ablative luvaltõ lupiiltõ
translative luvassi lupiissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References edit

  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn

West Makian edit

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

lupa

  1. (stative) to be aflame

Conjugation edit

Conjugation of lupa (stative verb)
singular plural
inclusive exclusive
1st person tilupa milupa alupa
2nd person nilupa filupa
3rd person inanimate ilupa dilupa
animate malupa
imperative —, lupa —, lupa

References edit

  • James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary‎[4], Pacific linguistics
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