stemma
English edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek στέμμα (stémma).
Noun edit
stemma (plural stemmata or stemmas)
- A family tree or recorded genealogy
- In the study of stemmatics, a diagram showing the relationship of a text to its manuscripts
- One of the types of simple eyes in arthropods
Related terms edit
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
stemma
- (music) part, voice; harmony (melody played or sung by a particular instrument, voice, or group of instruments or voices, within a polyphonic piece)
- laulaa stemmoja
- to sing harmonies
- laulaa stemmoja
Declension edit
Inflection of stemma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | stemma | stemmat | ||
genitive | stemman | stemmojen | ||
partitive | stemmaa | stemmoja | ||
illative | stemmaan | stemmoihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | stemma | stemmat | ||
accusative | nom. | stemma | stemmat | |
gen. | stemman | |||
genitive | stemman | stemmojen stemmainrare | ||
partitive | stemmaa | stemmoja | ||
inessive | stemmassa | stemmoissa | ||
elative | stemmasta | stemmoista | ||
illative | stemmaan | stemmoihin | ||
adessive | stemmalla | stemmoilla | ||
ablative | stemmalta | stemmoilta | ||
allative | stemmalle | stemmoille | ||
essive | stemmana | stemmoina | ||
translative | stemmaksi | stemmoiksi | ||
abessive | stemmatta | stemmoitta | ||
instructive | — | stemmoin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “stemma”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams edit
Icelandic edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse stemma (“to halt, to dam”), from Proto-Germanic *stammijaną. Compare Swedish stämma (“to block”), Old English gistemen (“to restrain”), English stem and English stammer.
Verb edit
stemma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative stemmdi, supine stemmt)
Conjugation edit
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að stemma | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
stemmt | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
stemmandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég stemmi | við stemmum | present (nútíð) |
ég stemmi | við stemmum |
þú stemmir | þið stemmið | þú stemmir | þið stemmið | ||
hann, hún, það stemmir | þeir, þær, þau stemma | hann, hún, það stemmi | þeir, þær, þau stemmi | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég stemmdi | við stemmdum | past (þátíð) |
ég stemmdi | við stemmdum |
þú stemmdir | þið stemmduð | þú stemmdir | þið stemmduð | ||
hann, hún, það stemmdi | þeir, þær, þau stemmdu | hann, hún, það stemmdi | þeir, þær, þau stemmdu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
stemm (þú) | stemmið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
stemmdu | stemmiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
stemmdur | stemmd | stemmt | stemmdir | stemmdar | stemmd | |
accusative (þolfall) |
stemmdan | stemmda | stemmt | stemmda | stemmdar | stemmd | |
dative (þágufall) |
stemmdum | stemmdri | stemmdu | stemmdum | stemmdum | stemmdum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
stemmds | stemmdrar | stemmds | stemmdra | stemmdra | stemmdra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
stemmdi | stemmda | stemmda | stemmdu | stemmdu | stemmdu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
stemmda | stemmdu | stemmda | stemmdu | stemmdu | stemmdu | |
dative (þágufall) |
stemmda | stemmdu | stemmda | stemmdu | stemmdu | stemmdu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
stemmda | stemmdu | stemmda | stemmdu | stemmdu | stemmdu |
Synonyms edit
- (stop): stífla
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Derived from the verb stemma (1) or the related adjective stamur, which shows variation between -m- and -mm- in the stem; compare Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌼𐌼𐍃 (stamms).
Noun edit
stemma f (genitive singular stemmu, nominative plural stemmur)
Declension edit
f-w1 | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | stemma | stemman | stemmur | stemmurnar |
accusative | stemmu | stemmuna | stemmur | stemmurnar |
dative | stemmu | stemmunni | stemmum | stemmunum |
genitive | stemmu | stemmunnar | stemma | stemmanna |
Etymology 3 edit
From Danish stemme, from Middle Low German stemmen. Related to stemma (“melody [for a ballad]”) (4).
Verb edit
stemma (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative stemmdi, supine stemmt)
- to fit, to agree (with something), to correspond (to something), to coincide
- (music, of an instrument) to be in tune
- (music) to tune (an instrument)
Synonyms edit
- (fit, agree with): koma heim, koma heim og saman, passa
- (tune): stilla
Etymology 4 edit
From Danish stemme (“voice; musical part; vote”).
Noun edit
stemma f (genitive singular stemmu, nominative plural stemmur)
- (obsolete) a musical voice or sound
- a melody, generally for ballads (rímur)
- (obsolete) vote (instance of participating in a formalized choice by a group)
Declension edit
f-w1 | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | stemma | stemman | stemmur | stemmurnar |
accusative | stemmu | stemmuna | stemmur | stemmurnar |
dative | stemmu | stemmunni | stemmum | stemmunum |
genitive | stemmu | stemmunnar | stemma | stemmanna |
Etymology 5 edit
From Latin stemma (“garland, wreath; pedigree, family tree”), from Ancient Greek στέμμα (stémma, “garland, wreath”).
Noun edit
stemma n (genitive singular stemma, nominative plural stemmu)
- (stemmatics) stemma (diagram showing the relationship of variants of a text)
Declension edit
References edit
- “stemma” in: Ásgeir Blöndal Magnússon — Íslensk orðsifjabók, (1989). Reykjavík, Orðabók Háskólans. (Available on Málið.is under the “Eldra mál” tab.)
Italian edit
Etymology edit
From Latin stemma, from Ancient Greek στέμμα (stémma).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
stemma m (plural stemmi)
Latin edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From the Ancient Greek στέμμα (stémma).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈstem.ma/, [ˈs̠t̪ɛmːä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈstem.ma/, [ˈst̪ɛmːä]
Noun edit
stemma n (genitive stemmatis); third declension
- (post-Classical, in general) a garland or wreath
- (post-Augustan, in particular) a garland hung upon an ancestral image
- (transferred sense) a pedigree, geneagram, or family tree
- (figurative) nobility, honoured pedigree, august lineage
-
- to tell the smoky nobility of his silverware
-
- (Medieval Latin) a crown
- (Medieval Latin) wergeld
- (figurative) nobility, honoured pedigree, august lineage
- (Medieval Latin) a kinsman, a blood-relative
- (transferred sense) a pedigree, geneagram, or family tree
Declension edit
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | stemma | stemmata |
Genitive | stemmatis | stemmatum |
Dative | stemmatī | stemmatibus |
Accusative | stemma | stemmata |
Ablative | stemmate | stemmatibus |
Vocative | stemma | stemmata |
Descendants edit
References edit
- “stemma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- stemma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1,476/3.
- “stemma” on page 1,817/3 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (1st ed., 1968–82)
- Niermeyer, Jan Frederik (1976) “stemma”, in Mediae Latinitatis Lexicon Minus, Leiden, Boston: E. J. Brill, page 991/1
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
stemma f
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
stemma (present tense stemmer, past tense stemde or stemte, past participle stemt, present participle stemmande, imperative stem)
- Alternative form of stemme