certo

InterlinguaEdit

AdverbEdit

certo (not comparable)

certainly

ItalianEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Latin certus.

PronunciationEdit

IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃɛr.to/
Rhymes: -ɛrto

AdjectiveEdit

certo (feminine singular certa, masculine plural certi, feminine plural certe)

certain, sure
reliable
real, true
- Dante, Inferno 1.66:
  qual che tu sii, od ombra od omo certo!
  1867 translation by Longfellow
  whiche’er thou art, or shade or real man!
(preposition) some, certain

AntonymsEdit

incerto

Derived termsEdit

Related termsEdit

AdverbEdit

certo

certainly, of course, surely, definitely
Synonyms: certamente, di certo, sicuramente, di sicuro

AnagramsEdit

corte, torce

LatinEdit

PronunciationEdit

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈker.toː/, [ˈkɛr.t̪oː]
(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃer.to/, [ˈt͡ʃɛr.t̪ɔ]
Audio (Classical)
(file)

Etymology 1Edit

From certus (“resolved, certain”) +‎ -ō.

Alternative formsEdit

certor

VerbEdit

certō (present infinitive certāre, perfect active certāvī, supine certātum); first conjugation

I fight, wrestle.
I contend, compete.
I struggle, strive.
(military) I fight it out.
(law) I dispute.
(with infinitive) I try hard.

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of certō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	certō	certās	certat	certāmus	certātis	certant
	imperfect	certābam	certābās	certābat	certābāmus	certābātis	certābant
	future	certābō	certābis	certābit	certābimus	certābitis	certābunt
	perfect	certāvī	certāvistī, certāstī²	certāvit	certāvimus	certāvistis, certāstis²	certāvērunt, certāvēre
	pluperfect	certāveram	certāverās	certāverat	certāverāmus	certāverātis	certāverant
	future perfect	certāverō	certāveris	certāverit	certāverimus	certāveritis	certāverint
passive	present	certor	certāris, certāre	certātur	certāmur	certāminī	certantur
	imperfect	certābar	certābāris, certābāre	certābātur	certābāmur	certābāminī	certābantur
	future	certābor	certāberis, certābere	certābitur	certābimur	certābiminī	certābuntur
	perfect	certātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	certātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	certātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	certem	certēs	certet	certēmus	certētis	certent
	imperfect	certārem	certārēs	certāret	certārēmus	certārētis	certārent
	perfect	certāverim	certāverīs	certāverit	certāverīmus	certāverītis	certāverint
	pluperfect	certāvissem, certāssem²	certāvissēs, certāssēs²	certāvisset, certāsset²	certāvissēmus, certāssēmus²	certāvissētis, certāssētis²	certāvissent, certāssent²
passive	present	certer	certēris, certēre	certētur	certēmur	certēminī	certentur
	imperfect	certārer	certārēris, certārēre	certārētur	certārēmur	certārēminī	certārentur
	perfect	certātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	certātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	certā	—	—	certāte	—
active	future	—	certātō	certātō	—	certātōte	certantō
passive	present	—	certāre	—	—	certāminī	—
passive	future	—	certātor	certātor	—	—	certantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		certāre	certāvisse, certāsse²	certātūrum esse	certārī, certārier¹	certātum esse	certātum īrī
participles		certāns	—	certātūrus	—	certātus	certandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		certandī	certandō	certandum	certandō	certātum	certātū

¹The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested for this verb.
²At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

SynonymsEdit

(fight): bellō
(contend): bellō

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Albanian: qërtoj
Aromanian: ntsertu, ntsirtari
Italian: certare
Portuguese: certar
Romanian: certa, certare

Etymology 2Edit

From certus +‎ -ō.

AdverbEdit

certō (comparative certius, superlative certissimē)

certainly, surely
with certainty, without doubt

SynonymsEdit

certē

Etymology 3Edit

See the etymology of the main entry.

AdjectiveEdit

certō

ReferencesEdit

Professor Kidd, et al. Collins Gem Latin Dictionary. HarperCollins Publishers (Glasgow: 2004). →ISBN. page 54.

PortugueseEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Old Portuguese certo, from Latin certus (“certain”), past participle of cernō (“I sift; I discern”), from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“I move; I separate”)

PronunciationEdit

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛɾ.tu/
(Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈsɛʁ.tu/
Hyphenation: cer‧to

AdjectiveEdit

certo m (feminine singular certa, masculine plural certos, feminine plural certas, comparable)

right; correct (not containing errors)
Tua resposta está certa. ― Your answer is correct.
certain; sure (without doubt)
- 1572, Luís Vaz de Camões, Os Lusíadas, 8th canto:
  Que leuar a ſeu Rei hum ſinal certo / Do mundo, que deixa deſcuberto.
  Than taking to his king a certain sign / Of the world he leaves discovered.
precise; accurate
morally right; just
Roubar não é certo. ― Stealing is not right.
inevitable (impossible to avoid or prevent)
A morte é certa. ― Death is inevitable.

InflectionEdit

Inflection of certo

	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
positive	certo	certa	certos	certas
comparative	mais certo	mais certa	mais certos	mais certas
superlative	o mais certo certíssimo	a mais certa certíssima	os mais certos certíssimos	as mais certas certíssimas
augmentative	—	—	—	—
diminutive	certinho	certinha	certinhos	certinhas

SynonymsEdit

(correct): correto
(precise): certeiro, preciso
(inevitable): inevitável

AntonymsEdit

(correct): errado, incorreto
(certain): incerto
(precise): impreciso
(inevitable): evitável

AdverbEdit

certo (comparative mais certo superlative o mais certo)

correctly
- Fernando Pessoa (heteronym Alberto Caeiro), O espelho reflecte certo:
  O espelho reflecte certo; não erra porque não pensa.
  The mirror reflects correctly; it doesn't miss because it doesn't think.
surely
- 1572, Luís Vaz de Camões, Os Lusíadas, 2nd canto:
  Mas tu, em quem muy certo confiamos
  But you, who we very surely trust.

SynonymsEdit

(correctly): corretamente
(surely): certamente, por certo, indubitavelmente, sem dúvida

AntonymsEdit

(correctly): erroneamente, incorretamente

PronounEdit

certo m (feminine certa, plural certos, feminine plural certas)

certain (determined but unspecified)