Wiktionary

val

See also: Appendix:Variations of "val"

English edit

Etymology edit

Shortening of Valium.

Noun edit

val (countable and uncountable, plural vals)

  1. (informal) Valium.
    • 1997 May 29, Kate Sholl, “Re: MED: Pain relief in Neck?”, in alt.med.fibromyalgia‎[2] (Usenet):
      and i must be on that list of people that need to get knocked over with a hammer 'cause vicodin and val don't knock me out.
    • 1998 December 29, rob [username], “Re: Depression and MS(leg/feet burning pain)”, in alt.support.mult-sclerosis‎[3] (Usenet):
      I would think though that whatever the reason for a panic attack valium would be great. I know that if my house was on fire and I was on 15mg of val It[sic] would take a lot more energy than I had, to panic. ;^)
    • 2002 June 28, FllSpdAhd1 [username], “Re: Valium?”, in rec.pets.cats.health+behav‎[4] (Usenet):
      I'm a medic and phenobarb is the primary drug for true seizures, but the OP states the cat presents seizure like behavior at the sound of her voice. I don't know where any of you are from, but we don't treat seizures with val.

Anagrams edit

Afrikaans edit

Etymology edit

From Dutch vallen.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /fal/
  • Audio(file)

Verb edit

val (present val, present participle vallende, past participle geval)

  1. to fall

Aragonese edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Latin valles.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈbal/
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Syllabification: val

Noun edit

val f (plural vals)

  1. valley

References edit

  • “valle”, in Aragonario, diccionario castellano–aragonés (in Spanish)

Catalan edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

Noun edit

val m (plural vals)

  1. voucher

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

val

  1. inflection of valer:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative
  2. inflection of valdre:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Interjection edit

val

  1. okay

Further reading edit

Czech edit

Etymology edit

Derived from Middle High German wal, from Latin vallum.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

val m inan

  1. bulwark, rampart

Declension edit

Declension of val (hard masculine inanimate)
singular plural
nominative val valy
genitive valu valů
dative valu valům
accusative val valy
vocative vale valy
locative valu valech
instrumental valem valy

Further reading edit

  • val in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • val in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • val in Internetová jazyková příručka

Danish edit

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from Old Norse valr.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

val c (singular definite valen, not used in plural form)

  1. (poetic) battlefield

References edit

Etymology 2 edit

Borrowed from Middle Low German wal or Dutch wal (“coast, shore”), from Latin vallum. Doublet of vold.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

val c (singular definite vallen, not used in plural form)

  1. (obsolete) steep coastline

References edit

Etymology 3 edit

From Old Norse vǫllr, from Proto-Germanic *walþuz (“forest”), cognate with German Wald. Doublet of vold. Alternatively, the same word as the noun above.

Noun edit

val c (singular definite vallen, not used in plural form)

  1. (obsolete) plain
    • 1812, N.F.S. Grundtvig, Til Danerkongen Frederik hin Sjette (in: Poetiske Skrifter, vol. 3, p. 2):
      Paa faste Val og paa den grønne Strand, | At ofre villig baade Liv og Blod.
      On the firm plain and the green beach to sacrifice both life and blood.

References edit

Dutch edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From the verb vallen (“to fall”).

Noun edit

val m (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

  1. A fall (act or event of falling).
  2. A downfall, demise.
    Synonym: ondergang
  3. (in compounds) A case, modality
  4. (in compounds) The falling of the night, nightfall.
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Middle Dutch valle, from Old Dutch falla, ultimately from the root of vallen (“to fall”), thus related to Etymology 1 above.

Noun edit

val f (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

  1. A physical trap, snare.
  2. Any trap, ploy.
Derived terms edit

Etymology 3 edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb edit

val

  1. inflection of vallen:
    1. first-person singular present indicative
    2. imperative

Etymology 4 edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Probably of the same origin as walvis (“whale”), being the largest land fish.

Noun edit

val m (plural vallen, diminutive valletje n)

  1. (obsolete) A catfish.
    Synonym: meerval
  2. Any of its relatives in the family Siluridae.
Derived terms edit

Etymology 5 edit

From Sanskrit वल्ल (valla)[1][2] , a word used for various grains and pulses, or for a unit of weight equal to 3 रक्तिका (raktikā). The explanation of latter meaning is that the रक्तिका (raktikā) is named after the seeds of Abrus precatorius, of which there are often 3 in a pod.[3]

Noun edit

val m (plural vals, diminutive valletje n)

  1. (obsolete) An East Indian weight for silver and gold.(Can we verify(+) this sense?)
    • 1682, Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, De zes reizen van den Heer J. Bapt. Tavernier, die hij, gedurende de tyt van veertig jaren, in Turkyen, Persiën, en in d'Indiën, langs alle de wegen, die derwaarts strekken, gedaan heeft [The six voyages of Lord J. Bapt. Tavernier, which he made during the period of forty years, in Turkey, Persia, and in the Indies, along all the roads leading thither], Amsterdam: Weduwe Johannes van Someren, page 12:
      Wat de Spaansche Reaal aangaat / die drieënzeventig Vals weegt / men heeft 'er vier Mamoudiën en een halve voor / en een Mamoudi geld twintig Pechas; en in dezer voegen heeft men voor de Spaansche Reaal tnegentig [sic] Pechas: maar zij moeten / gelijk ik gezegt heb / goed zijn / en drieenzeventig Vals wegen.
      As for the Spanish real, which weighs seventy-three vals, one gets four and a half mahmudi for it, and a mahmudi is worth twenty paisa; and in this way one has ninety paisa for the Spanish real: but they should, as I was saying, be good, and weigh seventy-three vals.

References edit

  1. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) “valla-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 462
  2. ^ Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “वल्ल”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
  3. ^ Matthias de Vries, Lambert Allard te Winkel (1864) “val”, in Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal, published 2001

Anagrams edit

Faroese edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse val (“choice”), from the verb velja (“to choose”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

val n (genitive singular vals, plural val)

  1. choice
    Eg hevði einki val. ― I had no choice.
  2. (politics) election
    Í dag er val í Norðurkorea, og tað gongur fyri seg upp á ein heilt serligan hátt. ― Today there is an election in North Korea, and it is happening in a very special way.
  3. quality

Declension edit

Declension of val
n3 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative val valið val valini
accusative val valið val valini
dative vali valinum valum valunum
genitive vals valsins vala valanna

French edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old French val, from Latin vallem.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

val m (plural vaux)

  1. (literary) valley, vale

Derived terms edit

See also edit

Further reading edit

Friulian edit

Etymology edit

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Noun edit

val f (plural valis)

  1. valley

Synonyms edit

Galician edit

Etymology edit

13th century. From Old Galician-Portuguese vale, from Latin vallis, vallem.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

val m (plural vales)

  1. valley
    • c1350, Kevin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto Padre Sarmiento, page 122:
      Et ao ferir, braadarõ et deron tan grãdes vozes que os vales rretenyam.
      As they clashed, they shouted and cried so aloud that the valleys resounded.

Derived terms edit

References edit

  • “vale” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
  • “vale” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
  • “val” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
  • “val” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
  • “val” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Icelandic edit

Etymology edit

From Old Norse val (“choice”), from the verb velja (“to choose”).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

val n

  1. choice
  2. selection

Declension edit

declension of val
n-s singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative val valið völ völin
accusative val valið völ völin
dative vali valinu völum völunum
genitive vals valsins vala valanna

Derived terms edit

Italian edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈval/
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Hyphenation: vàl

Noun edit

val f (apocopated)

  1. Apocopic form of valle

Verb edit

val

  1. Apocopic form of vale

Anagrams edit

Livonian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Finnic *valo, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *waĺɜ. Cognates include Finnish valo.

Noun edit

val

  1. light

Middle High German edit

Etymology edit

From Old High German val.

Noun edit

val m

  1. fall
  2. (grammar) case
    • 14th century, Heinrich von Mügeln, Der meide krancz (Codex Palatinus germanicus (Cod. Pal. germ.) 14)
      Wÿ man dy namen brechen ſol
      Nach iren vellen hin czu cal
      [the following verses contain a declension of Petrus (genitive Petri, dative Petro, accusative Petrum, vocative Petre and ablative Petro)]
      How one shall inflect/decline (literally break) the nouns
      After their cases over to number

Descendants edit

  • German: Fall

Norwegian Bokmål edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Norse vaðill (“ford, shallow water”).

Noun edit

val m (definite singular valen, indefinite plural valer, definite plural valene)

  1. inlet, shallow bay

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Norse valr (“the fallen”).

Noun edit

val m (definite singular valen, indefinite plural valer, definite plural valene)

  1. (poetic) battlefield

Etymology 3 edit

From Old Norse val.

Noun edit

val n

  1. form removed with the spelling reform of 1959; superseded by valg

References edit

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Norse val, from Proto-Germanic *walą.

Noun edit

val n (definite singular valet, indefinite plural val, definite plural vala)

  1. choice
    Du har ikkje noko val.
    You don't have a choice.
  2. election
    Synonym: røysting
    Kven skal du røysta på til valet?
    Who are you going to vote for in the election?
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Norse valr, from Proto-Germanic *walaz.

Noun edit

val m (definite singular valen, uncountable)

  1. the slain (in battle)
Derived terms edit

References edit

Occitan edit

 
Occitan Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia oc

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Latin vallis.

Pronunciation edit

  • Audio (Languedocien)(file)

Noun edit

val f (plural vals)

  1. valley

Old French edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Noun edit

val oblique singular, m (oblique plural vaus or vax or vals, nominative singular vaus or vax or vals, nominative plural val)

  1. valley

Descendants edit

Old High German edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-West Germanic *fall, from Proto-Germanic *fallaz.

Noun edit

val m

  1. fall

Descendants edit

  • Middle High German: val

Old Norse edit

Noun edit

val

  1. accusative singular of valr

Piedmontese edit

Etymology edit

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

val f (plural vaj)

  1. valley

Portuguese edit

Pronunciation edit

 

Noun edit

val m (plural vales)

  1. Apocopic form of vale (“valley”)

Romanian edit

Etymology 1 edit

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic валъ (valŭ), from Proto-Slavic *valъ. Compare Serbo-Croatian val; close to Albanian valë.

Noun edit

val n (plural valuri)

  1. wave
    Synonym: undă
Declension edit
Declension of val
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) val valul (niște) valuri valurile
genitive/dative (unui) val valului (unor) valuri valurilor
vocative valule valurilor
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Latin vallum (“wall, rampart”), probably a later borrowing; cf. German Wall, Italian vallo, also English wall.

Noun edit

val n (plural valuri)

  1. earth rampart which served in antiquity as a military stronghold
Declension edit
Declension of val
singular plural
indefinite articulation definite articulation indefinite articulation definite articulation
nominative/accusative (un) val valul (niște) valuri valurile
genitive/dative (unui) val valului (unor) valuri valurilor
vocative valule valurilor
See also edit

Romansch edit

Etymology edit

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Noun edit

val f (plural vals)

  1. valley

Serbo-Croatian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *valъ.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

vȃl m (Cyrillic spelling ва̑л)

  1. (regional, Croatia) wave (a long body of water curling into an arched form)
    Synonym: tȁlās

Declension edit

Declension of val
singular plural
nominative val valovi
genitive vala valova
dative valu valovima
accusative val valove
vocative vale valovi
locative valu valovima
instrumental valom valovima

Slovak edit

Etymology edit

Derived from Middle High German wal, from Latin vallum.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

val m inan

  1. bulwark, rampart

Declension edit

Declension of val
singular plural
nominative val valy
genitive valu valov
dative valu valom
accusative val valy
locative vrale valoch
instrumental valom valmi

Further reading edit

  • “val”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Slavic *valъ

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

vȃl m inan

  1. wave, undulation

Inflection edit

 
 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., hard o-stem, plural in -ôv-
nom. sing. vál
gen. sing. vála
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		vál valôva valôvi
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		vála valôv valôv
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		válu valôvoma valôvom
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		vál valôva valôve
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		válu valôvih valôvih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		válom valôvoma valôvi
 
 The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing. vál
gen. sing. vála
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		vál vála váli
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		vála válov válov
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		válu váloma válom
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		vál vála vále
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		válu válih válih
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		válom váloma váli

Derived terms edit

Further reading edit

  • “val”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran

Spanish edit

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ˈbal/ [ˈbal]
  • Rhymes: -al
  • Syllabification: val

Etymology 1 edit

Noun edit

val m (plural valles)

  1. Apocopic form of valle: valley
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

Verb edit

val

  1. Apocopic form of vale: is worth
    mi casa y mi hogar cien doblas val. (val rhymes with hogar, assonant rhyme)
    there's no place like home.
Usage notes edit
  • In Old Spanish, after the consonants /d/, /n/, /l/, /ʎ/, /ɾ/ and /θ/, a final /e/ was regularly elided, as in pid, vien, val, quier, faz, versus the modern forms of pide, viene, vale, quiere, and hace, with -e restored by analogy (compare modern Portuguese, which still has apocope in words such as vem (“he/she comes”), quer (“he/she wants”), faz (“he/she does”)). In modern Spanish, a few apocopes following coronal consonants are still preserved: buen, gran, san, derived from bueno, grande, and santo.

Further reading edit

Swedish edit

Pronunciation edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Old Swedish hval, from Old Norse hvalr, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”).

Noun edit

val c

  1. a whale
Declension edit
Declension of val 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative val valen valar valarna
Genitive vals valens valars valarnas
Derived terms edit

Etymology 2 edit

From Old Norse val, related to the verb velja (“to choose”). Related to välja, vilja (English will).

Noun edit

val n

  1. a choice
    Du har inget val
    You don't have a choice
  2. an election[1]
Declension edit
Declension of val 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative val valet val valen
Genitive vals valets vals valens
Derived terms edit

Etymology 3 edit

From Old Norse valr (“the slain, the fallen”), from Proto-Germanic *walaz (“corpse, body; carnage”).

Noun edit

val c

  1. (obsolete) the fallen; casualties of a war or battle
Declension edit
Declension of val 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative val valen valar valarna
Genitive vals valens valars valarnas

References edit

  1. ^ Government terms, Government Offices of Sweden

Anagrams edit

Venetian edit

Etymology edit

From Latin vallis, vallem.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /val/
  • Hyphenation: vàl

Noun edit

val f (plural val)

  1. valley

Synonyms edit

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=val&oldid=78517008"