san
Translingual edit
Symbol edit
san
English edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Ancient Greek σάν (sán), from Semitic.
Noun edit
san (plural sans)
- A letter of the Archaic Greek alphabet (uppercase Ϻ, lowercase ϻ) that came after pi and before qoppa.
Translations edit
See also edit
- sigma
- San (letter) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Etymology 2 edit
Shortening of sanatorium.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
san (plural sans)
- (dated, informal) A sanatorium.
- 1940, Enid Blyton, The Naughtiest Girl in the School:
- "Haven't you heard?" said Belinda. "Joan's ill! She'd got a high temperature, and she's in bed in the San."
- 1958, Doris Lessing, A Ripple From the Storm, HarperPerennial, published 1995, page 122:
- ‘I was in the san for ten months before the war. I know all the gen about being sick.’
- 2005, Dan Soucoup, Richard Thorne McCully, McCully's New Brunswick, page 137:
- River Glade Sanatorium, River Glade, June 25, 1931. The "San" at River Glade with the Petitcodiac River in the background.
See also edit
- eco-san
- san fairy ann (etymologically unrelated)
Anagrams edit
Afar edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Cushitic *ʔisŋʷ-. Cognates include Hadiyya sane, Oromo funyaan, Sidamo sano, Somali san and Saho san.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sán m (plural sanitté f or sanwá f)
References edit
- Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015) L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis), page 61
Atong (India) edit
Etymology edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
san
References edit
- van Breugel, Seino. 2015. Atong-English dictionary, second edition. Available online: https://www.academia.edu/487044/Atong_English_Dictionary.
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
san f (plural sans)
Classical Nahuatl edit
Particle edit
san
- Alternative spelling of zan
Cypriot Arabic edit
Etymology edit
From the diminutive of Arabic لِسَان (lisān).
Noun edit
san f (plural sanát)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 417
Dongxiang edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Mongolic *sam, compare Mongolian сам (sam).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
san
Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Ancient Greek σάν (sán).
Noun edit
san c (plural san's, diminutive sannetje n)
- san (archaic Greek letter)
Further reading edit
- san (letter) on the Dutch Wikipedia.Wikipedia nl
French edit
Pronunciation 1 edit
Noun edit
san m (plural san)
- san (Greek letter)
Pronunciation 2 edit
Etymology edit
Determiner edit
san n (singular, plural ses)
- (gender-neutral, neologism) his, her, their, its
- Je connais très bien san partenaire.
- I know their partner wery well.
Related terms edit
Possessee | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||||
Masculine | Feminine | |||||
Possessor | Singular | First person | mon1 | ma | mes | |
Second person | ton1 | ta | tes | |||
Third person | son1 | sa | ses | |||
Plural | First person | notre | nos | |||
Second person | votre2 | vos2 | ||||
Third person | leur | leurs |
- 1 Also used before feminine adjectives and nouns beginning with a vowel or mute h.
- 2 Also used as the polite singular form.
See also edit
Anagrams edit
Friulian edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
san
Related terms edit
Galician edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese san, from Latin sanctus. Cognate with Portuguese são and Spanish san.
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
san m (apocopate, standard form santo)
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese são (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin sānus. Cognate with Portuguese são and Spanish sano.
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
san (feminine sa, masculine plural sans, feminine plural sas)
- healthy, sound
- 1775, María Francisca Isla y Losada, Romance:
- Ay Jesús! miña Joiña!
non falemos nesto mais,
que dá grima sò o pensalo,
Deus vos garde bo é san.
Santiago. Febreiro doce
Aÿ! que non sey que me dà,
que me esfraquezo de todo,
è non podo vafexàr.- Oh, Jesus! My Jewel!
Let's not talk about this anymore
because it brings creeps just to think about it.
God take care of you, safe and sound.
Santiago, February twelve
Oh!, I don't know what happens to me
I'm totally weakening
and I can't breathe
- Oh, Jesus! My Jewel!
Related terms edit
References edit
- “são” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “san” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “são” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “san” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “san” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “san” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Garifuna edit
Etymology edit
Numeral edit
san
Haitian Creole edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Numeral edit
san
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
san
Hokkien edit
For pronunciation and definitions of san – see 山 (“mountain; hill; hill-shaped object; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 山). |
Irish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”), from Proto-Celtic *in sindū/sindai (“in the m sg/f sg dative”), *in sindom/sindam (“into the m sg/f sg accusative”).
Pronunciation edit
- IPA(key): /sˠən̪ˠ/, /sˠənˠ/ (before a, o, u, fha, fho, fhu)
- IPA(key): /sˠənʲ/ (before e, i, fhe, fhi)
Contraction edit
san
Usage notes edit
Used before vowel sounds and f (which lenites); (otherwise, sa is used):
- san amhrán ― in the song
- san fhocal ― in the word
Often understood to be a contraction of ins an, but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while ins is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.
Related terms edit
Basic form | Contracted with | Copular forms | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
an (“the sg”) | na (“the pl”) | mo (“my”) | do (“your”) | a (“his, her, their; which (present)”) | ár (“our”) | ar (“which (past)”) | (before consonant) | (present/future before vowel) | (past/conditional before vowel) | |
de (“from”) | den | de na desna* |
de mo dem* |
de do ded*, det* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
do (“to, for”) | don | do na dosna* |
do mo dom* |
do do dod*, dot* |
dá | dár | dar | darb | darbh | |
faoi (“under, about”) | faoin | faoi na | faoi mo | faoi do | faoina | faoinár | faoinar | faoinarb | faoinarbh | |
i (“in”) | sa, san | sna | i mo im* |
i do id*, it* |
ina | inár | inar | inarb | inarbh | |
le (“with”) | leis an | leis na | le mo lem* |
le do led*, let* |
lena | lenár | lenar | lenarb | lenarbh | |
ó (“from, since”) | ón | ó na ósna* |
ó mo óm* |
ó do ód*, ót* |
óna | ónár | ónar | ónarb | ónarbh | |
trí (“through”) | tríd an | trí na | trí mo | trí do | trína | trínár | trínar | trínarb | trínarbh | |
*Dialectal. |
Further reading edit
- Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, , →JSTOR, §67, page 17
- McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), chapter I, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “san”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “san” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Determiner edit
san
- (nonstandard) Alternative form of sin (“that”) (used after a broad consonant)
- an fear san ― that man (standard: an fear sin)
Italian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun edit
san m or f (uncountable)
- san (Greek letter)
Etymology 2 edit
- see santo
Noun edit
san m (apocopated)
See also edit
Japanese edit
Romanization edit
san
Karaim edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Turkic *sā-. Compare to Turkish san, Southern Altai сагыш (sagïš), etc.
Noun edit
san
References edit
- N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “san”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN
Khasi edit
< 4 | 5 | 6 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : san | ||
Etymology edit
From Proto-Khasian *san. Compare Pnar san, Lyngngam san, War-Jaintia san.
Pronunciation edit
Numeral edit
san
Verb edit
san
- to grow up
References edit
- Singh, U Nissor (1906) Khasi-English dictionary[2], Shillong: Eastern Bengal and Assam Secretariat Press, page 183. Searchable online at SEAlang.net.
Kuna edit
Noun edit
san
Lombard edit
Etymology edit
Akin to Italian sano, from Latin sanus.
Adjective edit
san
Mandarin edit
Romanization edit
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 𠮿
san
- Nonstandard spelling of sān.
- Nonstandard spelling of sǎn.
- Nonstandard spelling of sàn.
Usage notes edit
- Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
A contracted form of earlier sægen, from Old English sæċġan, alternative form of seċġan.
Verb edit
sãn
- Alternative form of seien
Etymology 2 edit
From Old French san, alternative form of senz.
Preposition edit
san
- Alternative form of saunz
Norman edit
Etymology edit
From Vulgar Latin sum, from Classical Latin suum.
Pronunciation edit
Audio (Jersey) (file)
Determiner edit
san m
North Frisian edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Frisian sunne. Cognates include West Frisian sinne.
Noun edit
san m
- (Mooring and Föhr-Amrum) sun
- A san gungt up. ― The sun rises.
- A san gungt oner. ― The sun sets.
Etymology 2 edit
From Old Frisian sīn.
Pronoun edit
Old Czech edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sanь.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
san f or m animal
Declension edit
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | san | sani | sani |
genitive | sani | saňú | saní |
dative | sani | sanma | sanem |
accusative | san | sani | sani |
vocative | sani | sani | sani |
locative | sani | saňú | sanech |
instrumental | saňú | sanma | sanmi |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | san | sani | sanie |
genitive | sani | saňú | saní |
dative | sani | sanma | sanem |
accusative | san, sani | sani | sani |
vocative | sani | sani | sanie |
locative | sani | saňú | sanech |
instrumental | sanem | sanma | sanmi |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | san | sany | sani, sanové |
genitive | sana, sanu | sanú | sanóv |
dative | sanu, sanovi | sanoma | sanóm |
accusative | san, sana | sany | sany |
vocative | sane | sany | sani, sanové |
locative | saně, sanu, sanovi | sanú | saniech |
instrumental | sanem | sanoma | sany |
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.
Related terms edit
Descendants edit
- Czech: saň
Further reading edit
- Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “san”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění
Old French edit
Noun edit
san oblique singular, m (oblique plural sans, nominative singular sans, nominative plural san)
- Alternative form of sens
Pali edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Sanskrit श्वन् (śvan).
Noun edit
san m
Declension edit
Only consensus forms are shown.
Descendants edit
- → Thai: สา (sǎa)
References edit
- Pali Text Society (1921–1925) “san”, in Pali-English Dictionary, London: Chipstead
Pnar edit
< 4 | 5 | 6 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : san Ordinal : wa san | ||
Etymology edit
From Proto-Khasian *san, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *suun ~ *suən ~ *sən; cognate with Khasi san, Mang han², Mon မသုန် (pəsɔn) and Proto-Palaungic *pəsan (whence Riang [Lang] kʰan¹ and Danau θʊn⁴).
Pronunciation edit
Numeral edit
san
Rohingya edit
Alternative forms edit
- 𐴏𐴝𐴕 (san) — Hanifi Rohingya script
Etymology edit
From Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra); cognate with Bengali চাঁদ (cãd).
Noun edit
san (Hanifi spelling 𐴏𐴝𐴕)
Romani edit
Verb edit
san
Scottish Gaelic edit
Etymology edit
From Middle Irish (i)sind, (i)sin, from Old Irish isin(d/t) (“in the m or f or n sg dative”), isin (“into the m or f sg accusative”), isa (“into the n sg accusative”).
Preposition edit
san
- in the
- san anmoch ― in the evening
- san fhad-ùine ― in the long run
- san t-seanchas ― in conversation
- san achadh bhuan ― in the harvest field
Usage notes edit
- This form is not used before nouns beginning with b, c, g, m or p, where sa is used instead.
- If followed by f, the f is lenited:
- facal - word,
- san fhacal - in the word.
- Often understood to be a contraction of anns an, but the forms san, sa were in common use by the 12th century and accepted in Classical Gaelic poetry while anns is a later innovation with the -n- reintroduced by analogy.
Related terms edit
References edit
- Osborn Bergin (1916) “Irish Grammatical Tracts (Introductory)”, in Ériu, volume 8, Supplement, Royal Irish Academy, , →JSTOR, §67, page 17
- McKenna, Lambert, editor (1944), Bardic Syntactical Tracts, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, page 113: “Before pl. art. i n- gives is na, ’sna; in such cases a h- gives as na. (…) Before sg. art. i n- is isin, san (often sa before consonants).”
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), chapter I, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Serbo-Croatian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *sъ̀nъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *súpnas, from Proto-Indo-European *supnós.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
sȁn m (Cyrillic spelling са̏н)
- sleep
- dream
- Šta si videla u tom snu? ― What did you see in that dream?
- 1993, Bajaga i Instruktori (lyrics and music), “Ovo je Balkan”, in Bajaga i Instruktori (lyrics), Muzika na struju[3], performed by Bajaga i Instruktori, Produkcija Stig:
- Ovo je ovde Balkan,
Zemlja iz sna,
Između moćnih sila
Dobra i zla.- This here is the Balkans
A land from dreams
Between powerful forces
Good and evil.
- This here is the Balkans
Declension edit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | sȁn | snȏvi / snȉ |
genitive | snȁ | snȏvā |
dative | snȕ | snȏvima / snȉma |
accusative | sȁn | snȏve / snȅ |
vocative | snȅ | snȏvi / snȉ |
locative | snȕ | snȏvima / snȉma |
instrumental | snȍm | snȏvima / snȉma |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- “san” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Somali edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Cushitic *ʔisŋʷ-. Cognates include Afar san, Hadiyya sane, Oromo funyaan, Saho san and Sidamo sano.
Noun edit
san ?
References edit
- san Afmaal Somali-English Dictionary.
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Alternative forms edit
- San (in proper nouns, capitalized)
Noun edit
san m (plural sanes)
- (Dominican Republic) financial, temporal-savings scheme; the participants periodically contribute a quota to a communal pot that is given to one member, based on his/her turn amongst all the others
Adjective edit
san m (apocopate, standard form santo)
Usage notes edit
- Not used in front of the following names (use santo instead): Tomás, Tomé, Toribio, and Domingo.
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
san f (plural sanes)
Further reading edit
- “san”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tagalog edit
Pronunciation edit
Pronoun edit
san (Baybayin spelling ᜐᜈ᜔)
- Informal form of saan.
Tatar edit
Noun edit
san
Ter Sami edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Russian са́ни (sáni).
Noun edit
san
Further reading edit
- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[4], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Tok Pisin edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
san
Derived terms edit
Torres Strait Creole edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
san
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
From Ottoman Turkish صان (san), a derivation from Proto-Turkic *sā- (“to count”). Related to say- (“to count”) and san- (“to consider”).
Noun edit
san (definite accusative sanı, plural sanlar)
Declension edit
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Nominative | san | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | sanı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | san | sanlar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | sanı | sanları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | sana | sanlara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | sanda | sanlarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | sandan | sanlardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | sanın | sanların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “san”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
Venetian edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
san
Vietnamese edit
Pronunciation edit
- (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [saːn˧˧]
- (Huế) IPA(key): [ʂaːŋ˧˧] ~ [saːŋ˧˧]
- (Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA(key): [ʂaːŋ˧˧] ~ [saːŋ˧˧]
Verb edit
san
Derived terms edit
Yoruba edit
Etymology 1 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
san
- to pay
- Ó ti san owó orí ìyàwó. ― He has paid the bride price.
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
sàn
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
sán
Etymology 4 edit
Compare Nupe sán (“to split; to ache (head)”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
sán
Zhuang edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Tai *saːn. Cognate with Thai สาน (sǎan), Northern Thai ᩈᩣ᩠ᨶ, Lao ສານ (sān), Lü ᦉᦱᧃ (ṡaan), Khün ᩈᩣ᩠ᨶ, Shan သၢၼ် (sǎan), Ahom 𑜏𑜃𑜫 (san).
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Zhuang) IPA(key): /θaːn˨˦/
- Tone numbers: san1
- Hyphenation: san
Verb edit
san (1957–1982 spelling san)
- to weave