falla
Catalan edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Vulgar Latin *facla, contracted form of Latin facula, diminutive of fax (“torch”). Compare the borrowed doublet fàcula.
Noun edit
falla f (plural falles)
- constructions of inflammable materials, based in figures that are caricatures (the ninots) that are installed in certain Valencian municipalities and are burned to ashes the day of Saint Joseph
- the holidays around these constructions
- the associations or organizations around these constructions
- fire, bonfire
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Deverbal of fallar.
Noun edit
falla f (plural falles)
Related terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
falla
- inflection of fallar:
Further reading edit
- “falla” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “falla” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Faroese edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse falla, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃lH-.
Verb edit
falla (third person singular past indicative fall, third person plural past indicative fullu, supine fallið)
- to fall
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of falla (irregular) | ||
---|---|---|
infinitive | falla | |
supine | fallið | |
participle (a34)1 | fallandi | fallin |
present | past | |
first singular | falli | fall (fell) |
second singular | fellur | fall/falst (fell) |
third singular | fellur | fall (fell) |
plural | falla | fullu |
imperative | ||
singular | fall! | |
plural | fallið! | |
1Only the past participle being declined. |
Galician edit
Etymology edit
From Old Galician-Portuguese falla (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from a Vulgar Latin *fallia, possibly through the intermediate or influence of Old French faille or Old Occitan falha. The geological sense is a more modern one from French.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
falla f (plural fallas)
Derived terms edit
- sen falla (“certainly, without fail”)
References edit
- “falla” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “falla” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “falla” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “falla” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “falla” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Icelandic edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse falla, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃lH-.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
falla (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative féll, third-person plural past indicative féllu, supine fallið)
- (intransitive) to fall
- (intransitive) to be killed, especially in action or in battle
- (intransitive) to flow
- (intransitive) to fit closely, to shut tight, to meet
- (intransitive) to like
Conjugation edit
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að falla | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
fallið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
fallandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég fell | við föllum | present (nútíð) |
ég falli | við föllum |
þú fellur | þið fallið | þú fallir | þið fallið | ||
hann, hún, það fellur | þeir, þær, þau falla | hann, hún, það falli | þeir, þær, þau falli | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég féll | við féllum | past (þátíð) |
ég félli | við féllum |
þú féllst | þið félluð | þú féllir | þið félluð | ||
hann, hún, það féll | þeir, þær, þau féllu | hann, hún, það félli | þeir, þær, þau féllu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
fall (þú) | fallið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
fallðu | falliði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að fallast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
fallist | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
fallandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég fellst | við föllumst | present (nútíð) |
ég fallist | við föllumst |
þú fellst | þið fallist | þú fallist | þið fallist | ||
hann, hún, það fellst | þeir, þær, þau fallast | hann, hún, það fallist | þeir, þær, þau fallist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég féllst | við féllumst | past (þátíð) |
ég féllist | við féllumst |
þú féllst | þið féllust | þú féllist | þið féllust | ||
hann, hún, það féllst | þeir, þær, þau féllust | hann, hún, það féllist | þeir, þær, þau féllust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
fallst (þú) | fallist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
fallstu | fallisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
fallinn | fallin | fallið | fallnir | fallnar | fallin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
fallinn | fallna | fallið | fallna | fallnar | fallin | |
dative (þágufall) |
föllnum | fallinni | föllnu | föllnum | föllnum | föllnum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
fallins | fallinnar | fallins | fallinna | fallinna | fallinna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
fallni | fallna | fallna | föllnu | föllnu | föllnu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
fallna | föllnu | fallna | föllnu | föllnu | föllnu | |
dative (þágufall) |
fallna | föllnu | fallna | föllnu | föllnu | föllnu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
fallna | föllnu | fallna | föllnu | föllnu | föllnu |
Synonyms edit
- (fall): detta
- (be killed): vera drepinn
- (flow): streyma
- (fit closely): falla þétt að
- (like): líka
Derived terms edit
- falla allur ketill í eld
- falla um
- falla um koll
- falla í gleymsku
- falla vel við (to like somebody)
- Mér fellur vel við hann.
- I like him.
- falla þungt (to be grieved by something)
- Mér fellur þetta þungt.
- This grieves me.
- fallast
- fallast á
- fallast hendur
- fallinn m, fallin f, fallið n
- vera vel til fallið (to be a good idea)
- falla á prófi (to fail an exam)
- falla að (of the tide; to be coming in)
- falla frá
- falla í gjalddaga
- falla í kosningum
- falla í stafi
- falla í skaut
- falla niður
- fall
- falla eins og flís við rass
Related terms edit
Noun edit
falla n
Irish edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
falla m (genitive singular falla, nominative plural fallaí)
Declension edit
Mutation edit
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
falla | fhalla | bhfalla |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading edit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “falla”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 18
Italian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
falla f (plural falle)
- a hole, especially a leak (from a wall or a ship's keel)
- (figurative, by extension) a reason or source of loss (of money, resources, etc.)
- tamponare le falle dell'erario
- to provisionally remedy the (financial) hemorrhaging of the treasury
- (military) to retreat on a front of a battle, allowing enemy penetration into one's territory
- a defect in a fabric, due to an error in the weaving process
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from English fall, with influence from the lemma above.
Noun edit
falla f (plural falle)
- (radio engineering) drop
Etymology 3 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
falla
- inflection of fallare:
Further reading edit
Maltese edit
Etymology edit
Root |
---|
f-l-j |
2 terms |
Probably borrowed from Italian fallire. At least Italian influence is certain, but compare Arabic فَلَّ (falla, “to go away”), with which it could theoretically have been merged. It is a fairly rare word, but very common in North Levantine Arabic, with which Maltese (though more closely related to Maghrebi dialects) shares some similarities.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
falla (imperfect jfalli)
- to be absent
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of falla | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
perfect | m | fallejt | fallejt | falla | fallejna | fallejtu | fallew | |
f | falliet | |||||||
imperfect | m | nfalli | tfalli | jfalli | nfallu | tfallu | jfallu | |
f | tfalli | |||||||
imperative | falli | fallu |
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
falla n
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology 1 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun edit
falla
Etymology 2 edit
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb edit
falla (present tense fell, past tense fall, past participle falle, passive infinitive fallast, present participle fallande, imperative fall)
- Alternative form of falle
Old Norse edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃lH-. Akin to Old English feallan (whence English fall), Old Frisian falla (whence West Frisian falle), Old Saxon fallan (whence Low German fallen), Old Dutch fallan (whence Dutch vallen), Old High German fallan (whence German fallen).
Verb edit
falla (singular past indicative fell, plural past indicative fellu, past participle fallinn)
- to fall
Conjugation edit
infinitive | falla | |
---|---|---|
present participle | fallandi | |
past participle | fallinn | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | fell | fell |
2nd-person singular | fellr | fellt |
3rd-person singular | fellr | fell |
1st-person plural | fǫllum | fellum |
2nd-person plural | fallið | felluð |
3rd-person plural | falla | fellu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | falla | fella |
2nd-person singular | fallir | fellir |
3rd-person singular | falli | felli |
1st-person plural | fallim | fellim |
2nd-person plural | fallið | fellið |
3rd-person plural | falli | felli |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | fall | |
1st-person plural | fǫllum | |
2nd-person plural | fallið |
infinitive | fallask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | fallandisk | |
past participle | fallizk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | fǫllumk | fellumk |
2nd-person singular | felsk | fellzk |
3rd-person singular | felsk | fellsk |
1st-person plural | fǫllumsk | fellumsk |
2nd-person plural | fallizk | felluzk |
3rd-person plural | fallask | fellusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | fǫllumk | fellumk |
2nd-person singular | fallisk | fellisk |
3rd-person singular | fallisk | fellisk |
1st-person plural | fallimsk | fellimsk |
2nd-person plural | fallizk | fellizk |
3rd-person plural | fallisk | fellisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | falsk | |
1st-person plural | fǫllumsk | |
2nd-person plural | fallizk |
Descendants edit
Old Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse falla, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃lH-.
Verb edit
falla
- to fall
Conjugation edit
present | past | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | falla | — | |||
participle | fallandi, fallande | fallin | |||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | falder | falli, falle | — | fiol | fiolli, fiolle |
þū | falder | falli, falle | fal | fiolt | fiolli, fiolle |
han | falder | falli, falle | — | fiol | fiolli, fiolle |
vīr | fallum, fallom | fallum, fallom | fallum, fallom | fiollum, fiollom | fiollum, fiollom |
īr | fallin | fallin | fallin | fiollin | fiollin |
þēr | falla | fallin | — | fiollu, fiollo | fiollin |
mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | — | — | — | — | — |
þū | — | — | — | — | — |
han | — | — | — | — | — |
vīr | — | — | — | — | — |
īr | — | — | — | — | — |
þēr | — | — | — | — | — |
Descendants edit
- Swedish: falla
Portuguese edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
falla f (plural fallas)
Verb edit
falla
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
falla
- inflection of fallar:
Sotho edit
Verb edit
falla
- to emigrate
Spanish edit
Pronunciation edit
- Syllabification: fa‧lla
Etymology 1 edit
Likely from Catalan falla, with the geological sense from French faille.
Noun edit
falla f (plural fallas)
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
falla
References edit
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1984), “fallir”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volume II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 845
Further reading edit
- “falla”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Swedish falla, from Old Norse falla, from Proto-Germanic *fallaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂p-h₃elh₁-.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
falla (present faller, preterite föll, supine fallit, imperative fall)
- to fall
- falla genom luften
- fall through the air
- falla till backen
- fall the the ground
- to fall (die, especially in battle)
- Synonym: stupa
Conjugation edit
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | falla | — | ||
Supine | fallit | — | ||
Imperative | fall | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | fallen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | faller | föll | — | — |
Ind. plural1 | falla | föllo | — | — |
Subjunctive2 | falle | fölle | — | — |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | fallande | |||
Past participle | fallen | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |