Translingual
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Glyph origin
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Old Chinese
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鮦
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*duʔ, *doːŋ, *doŋʔ
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侗
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*tʰoːŋ, *tʰoːŋʔ, *doːŋ
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恫
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*tʰoːŋ, *doːŋs
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痌
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*tʰoːŋ
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同
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*doːŋ
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仝
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*zlon, *doːŋ
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銅
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*doːŋ
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桐
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*doːŋ
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峒
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*doːŋ, *doːŋs
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硐
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*doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
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筒
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*doːŋ, *doːŋs
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洞
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*doːŋ, *doːŋs
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烔
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*doːŋ
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挏
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*doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
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酮
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*doːŋ, *doːŋʔ
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鲖
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眮
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*doːŋ, *doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
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衕
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*doːŋ, *doːŋs
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哃
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*doːŋ
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絧
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*doːŋ, *doːŋs
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姛
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*doːŋʔ
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詷
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*doːŋʔ, *doːŋs
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胴
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*doːŋs
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駧
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*doːŋs
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迵
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*doːŋs
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戙
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*doːŋs
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *doːŋ, *doːŋs) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 同 (OC *doːŋ).
Etymology
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- “hole; cavity” > “penetrating; thorough; zero”
- From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dwa(ː)ŋ (“hole; orifice; cave; pit; well”). Cognate with Burmese တွင်း (twang:), Tibetan དོང (dong, “deep hole; pit”) and Jingpho kha-thung (“well, pit”).
Pronunciation 1
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- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Pinyin): dòng (dong4)
- (Zhuyin): ㄉㄨㄥˋ
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dong4
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): дун (dun, III)
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dung6, dung6-2
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): uung5
- Gan (Wiktionary): tung5
- Hakka
- (Sixian, PFS): thung
- (Meixian, Guangdong): tung4
- Jin (Wiktionary): dung3
- Northern Min (KCR): dō̤ng
- Eastern Min (BUC): dâe̤ng
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien, POJ): tōng / tāng
- (Teochew, Peng'im): dang7 / tong7
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dong4 / dong5
Note:
- dang7 - vernacular;
- tong7 - literary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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洞
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Reading #
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2/2
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No.
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12469
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Phonetic component
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同
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Rime group
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東
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Rime subdivision
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0
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Corresponding MC rime
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洞
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Old Chinese
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/*doːŋs/
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Definitions
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洞
- hole; cavity; cave
- (literary, or in compounds) thorough; penetrating
- the numeral zero (used in radio communications in aviation and by the military)
- dong, a submunicipal administrative division in North and South Korea
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of
孔 (“hole”)
[map]
Variety
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Location
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Words
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Classical Chinese
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孔, 洞, 穴
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Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
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孔, 洞, 孔洞, 空洞, 空穴
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Mandarin
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Beijing
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窟窿
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Jinan
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窟窿
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Luoyang
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窟窿
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Wanrong
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窟窿
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Xi'an
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窟窿子, 窟窿
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Wuhan
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窟窿, 窟眼, 洞洞, 洞
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Chengdu
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窟窿, 洞洞, 洞
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Liuzhou
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窿
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Yangzhou
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洞, 窟窿
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Nanjing
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窟窿
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Hefei
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窟窿, 洞
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Singapore
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洞
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Cantonese
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Guangzhou
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窿, 咕窿
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Hong Kong
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窿, 咕窿
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Taishan
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孔
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Yangjiang
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窿
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Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
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窿
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Singapore (Guangfu)
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窿
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Gan
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Nanchang
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洞
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Hakka
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Meixian
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窿仔, 窿空仔
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Miaoli (N. Sixian)
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空
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Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)
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空
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Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)
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空
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Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)
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空
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Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)
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空
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Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)
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空
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Jin
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Taiyuan
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窟窿, 窟子
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Northern Min
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Jian'ou
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川
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Eastern Min
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Fuzhou
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空空
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Southern Min
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Xiamen
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空, 空口
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Quanzhou
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空
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Zhangzhou
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空口
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Zhangzhou (Changtai)
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空
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Taipei
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空
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Penang (Hokkien)
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空
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Singapore (Hokkien)
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空
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Manila (Hokkien)
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空
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Chaozhou
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空
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Jieyang
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空, 洞
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Haifeng
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空
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Singapore (Teochew)
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空
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Singapore (Hainanese)
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空
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Southern Pinghua
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Nanning (Tingzi)
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窿
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Wu
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Suzhou
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洞
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Wenzhou
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洞, 窟, 窟窿
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Jinhua
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窟窿
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Xiang
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Changsha
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洞, 洞子
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Shuangfeng
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眼貢, 洞
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Dialectal synonyms of
零 (“zero”)
[map]
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2
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Zhengzhang system (2003)
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Character
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洞
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Reading #
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1/2
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No.
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12453
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Phonetic component
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同
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Rime group
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東
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Rime subdivision
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0
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Corresponding MC rime
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同
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Old Chinese
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/*doːŋ/
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Definitions
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洞
- Only used in 澒洞/𭱊洞 (hòngtóng) and 洪洞 (Hóngtóng, “Hongtong”).
References
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Japanese
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Vietnamese
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