See also: and 𩆖
U+96F6, 零
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96F6

[U+96F5]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+96F7]
U+F9B2, 零
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9B2

[U+F9B1]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F9B3]
Commons:Category
Commons:Category
Wikimedia Commons has more media related to:

Translingual edit

Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean
Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Alternative forms edit

In Japan, Korea and Traditional Chinese jiu zixing, the bottom component is written + 𰆊, similar to its Kangxi dictionary form. In traditional Chinese as defined by Taiwan MOE and Hong Kong CLIAC, is written + . In simplified Chinese, the component is written + .

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 173, +5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 一月人戈戈 (MBOII), four-corner 10307, composition)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1372, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42242
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1880, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4061, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+96F6

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. #
2nd round simp. ⿱⿻丅⿱冖⿰丶丶令
alternative forms

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *riːŋ, *reːŋ, *reːŋs): semantic (rain) + phonetic (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). On the oracle bone script, only thick raindrops are depicted falling from the sky.

Etymology 1 edit

Unclear. Schuessler (2007) proposes several possibilities:

Sense "zero" is introduced in 1248 by Chinese mathematician Li Ye.

Pronunciation edit


Note:
  • ling4 - literary;
  • leng4, leng4-2, leng4-1 - vernacular (small remaining quantity).
Note:
  • len3 - literary;
  • liang3, liang3* - vernacular (small remaining quantity).
  • Gan
  • Note:
    • lin4 - literary;
    • liang4 - vernacular.
  • Hakka
  • Jin
  • Northern Min
  • Eastern Min
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • lêng - literary;
    • lân - vernacular (“fragmentary”).
    Note:
    • lêng5 - literary;
    • lang5 - vernacular (“fragmentary”).
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/3 3/3
    Initial () (37) (37)
    Final () (125) (125)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open Open
    Division () IV IV
    Fanqie
    Baxter leng lengH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /leŋ/ /leŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /leŋ/ /leŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /lɛŋ/ /lɛŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /lɛjŋ/ /lɛjŋH/
    Li
    Rong
    /leŋ/ /leŋH/
    Wang
    Li
    /lieŋ/ /lieŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /lieŋ/ /lieŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    líng lìng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    ling4 ling6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    líng
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ leng ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[r]ˁiŋ/
    English fall (v., of rain)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/3 3/3
    No. 8305 8331
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0 0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*reːŋ/ /*reːŋs/

    Definitions edit

    1. fragmentary; scattered
        ―  língxīng  ―  fragmentary
    2. fraction; remainder
    3. zero [from 1248]
      等於等于  ―  Yī jiǎn yī děngyú líng.  ―  One minus one equals zero.
        ―  sān diǎn líng wǔ fēn  ―  three oh five
        ―  qī bǎi líng sān  ―  seven hundred and three
        ―  èrlínglíngyī nián  ―  year 2001
      開始开始  ―  cóng líng kāishǐ  ―  Start from scratch
      alt. forms:
      Hypernyms: 實數实数 (shíshù), 有理數有理数 (yǒulǐshù), 整數整数 (zhěngshù)
      Coordinate terms: 正數正数 (zhèngshù), 負數负数 (fùshù)
    4. (Cantonese, Hakka, Northern Min, Eastern Min) Used after a number or a classifier to express a small remaining quantity.
      廿 [Cantonese]  ―  jaa6 leng4 man1 [Jyutping]  ―  twenty-something dollars
      分鐘分钟 [Cantonese]  ―  fan1 leng4 loeng5 fan1 zung1 [Jyutping]  ―  one to two minutes
      七十 [Cantonese]  ―  cat1 sap6 leng4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  seventy-something
    5. (gay slang) bottom
      alt. forms: 0
    6. (obsolete) drizzle
    7. (literary, of precipitation or tears) to fall
      感激涕  ―  gǎnjītìlíng  ―  grateful to tears
    8. (of plants or flowers) to wither and fall
        ―  diāolíng  ―  to wither and fall
    9. (Cantonese, cant, in 之辰代碼之辰代码) six
      [Cantonese]  ―  dau2 ling4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  five-cent coin (literally, “[coin with mass of] 3 candareens and 6 cash”)
    10. a surname
    Synonyms edit

    Compounds edit

    Descendants edit

    Sino-Xenic ():
    • Japanese: (れい) (rei)
    • Korean: 령(零) (ryeong)
    • Vietnamese: linh ()

    Others:

    See also edit

    Chinese numbers
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 106 108 1012
    Normal
    (小寫小写)
    , , , , ,
    十千 (Malaysia, Singapore)
    百萬百万,
    (Philippines),
    面桶 (Philippines)
    亿 (Taiwan)
    萬億万亿 (Mainland China)
    Financial
    (大寫大写)

    Etymology 2 edit

    Pronunciation edit



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    Initial () (37)
    Final () (85)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () IV
    Fanqie
    Baxter len
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /len/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /len/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /lɛn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /lɛn/
    Li
    Rong
    /len/
    Wang
    Li
    /lien/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /lien/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    lián
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    lin4
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/3
    No. 8273
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    2
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*riːŋ/

    Definitions edit

    1. Only used in 先零先零 and 西零西零 (Xīlián).

    References edit

    Japanese edit

    Japanese cardinal numbers
    0 1  > 
        Cardinal :

    Kanji edit

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. spill
    2. zero

    Readings edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC leng); compare Mandarin (líng):

    From Middle Chinese (MC len); compare Mandarin (lián):

    From native Japanese roots:

    Compounds edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Kanji in this term
    れい
    Grade: S
    kan’on

    From Middle Chinese (MC leng) with an original meaning of a small rainfall. The character was later repurposed in 1248 by mathematician Li Ye as a placeholder, extending from its a little bit (of rain) meaning to indicate a bit more remaining. In Li Ye's notation, a number like 302 would be represented as (èr), literally three hundred and remaining two, with the character used as a means of skipping the tens place, by indicating zero tens.[1] It would thus implicitly take on the meaning of zero.

    Alternative forms edit

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    (れい) (rei

    1. zero

    Numeral edit

    (れい) (rei

    1. zero
    Usage notes edit

    The spelling is more common in numeric notation.

    Proper noun edit

    (れい) (Rei

    1. a male given name

    Etymology 2 edit

    Kanji in this term
    こぼ(し)
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    こぼ
    [noun] a spill (implying intent or fault by someone)
    [noun] grumbling (as when one's emotions overflow)
    Alternative spellings
    溢し, 翻し
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 3 edit

    Kanji in this term
    こぼ(れ)
    Grade: S
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    こぼ
    [noun] a spill (implying a natural or unintended event)
    [noun] remainder, leftover
    Alternative spelling
    翻れ
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 4 edit

    Kanji in this term
    ぜろ
    Grade: S
    (ateji)
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    ゼロ
    [numeral] zero (number)
    [numeral] (informal) Used to refer to something measurable being absent or missing.
    Alternative spelling
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    References edit

    1. ^ 1999, 「算木」を超えた男: もう一つの近代数学の誕生と関孝和 ("Sangi" o Koeta Otoko: Mō Hitotsu no Kindai Sūgaku no Tanjō to Seki Takakazu, “The Man Who Went Beyond 'Counting Sticks': The Birth of Another Modern Mathematics, and Seki Takakazu”) (in Japanese), Wang Qing-xiang, Tōkyō: Toyo Shoten, →ISBN
    2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN


    Japanese numbers
    0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
    Regular (れい) (rei)
    (ゼロ) (zero)
    (いち) (ichi) () (ni) (さん) (san) (よん) (yon)
    () (shi)
    () (go) (ろく) (roku) (なな) (nana)
    (しち) (shichi)
    (はち) (hachi) (きゅう) (kyū)
    () (ku)
    (じゅう) ()
    Formal (いち) (ichi) () (ni) (さん) (san) (じゅう) ()
    90 100 300 600 800 1,000 3,000 8,000 10,000 100,000,000
    Regular (きゅう)(じゅう) (kyūjū) (ひゃく) (hyaku)
    (いっ)(ぴゃく) (ippyaku)
    (さん)(びゃく) (sanbyaku) (ろっ)(ぴゃく) (roppyaku) (はっ)(ぴゃく) (happyaku) (せん) (sen)
    (いっ)(せん) (issen)
    (さん)(ぜん) (sanzen) (はっ)(せん) (hassen) (いち)(まん) (ichiman) (いち)(おく) (ichioku)
    Formal (いち)(まん) (ichiman)
    1012 8×1012 1013 1016 6×1016 8×1016 1017 1018
    (いっ)(ちょう) (itchō) (はっ)(ちょう) (hatchō) (じゅっ)(ちょう) (jutchō) (いっ)(けい) (ikkei) (ろっ)(けい) (rokkei) (はっ)(けい) (hakkei) (じゅっ)(けい) (jukkei) (ひゃっ)(けい) (hyakkei)

    Korean edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC leng|lengH).

    Pronunciation edit

    Hanja edit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 떨어질 (tteoreojil ryeong), South Korea 떨어질 (tteoreojil yeong))

    1. Hanja form? of / (zero).
    Compounds edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC len).

    Pronunciation edit

    Hanja edit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 종족 이름 (jongjok ireum ryeon), South Korea 종족 이름 (jongjok ireum yeon))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References edit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
    • Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전/漢字辭典) (2002-2005). [3]

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Nôm readings: lênh, linh, rinh

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.