鼻
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TranslingualEdit
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Japanese | 鼻 |
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| Simplified | 鼻 |
| Traditional | 鼻 |
Alternative formsEdit
The form of this character differs slightly between China and Japan:
- in China: 鼻,
- in Japan: 鼻
That is, in China the bottom is 丌 (strokes T-junction), while in Japan the bottom is 廾 (strokes cross).
Due to Han unification, they share the same codepoint.
Han characterEdit
鼻 (Kangxi radical 209, 鼻+0, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹山田一中 (HUWML), four-corner 26446, composition ⿱自畀)
- Kangxi radical #209, ⿐.
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1530, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48498
- Dae Jaweon: page 2066, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4779, character 1
- Unihan data for U+9F3B
ChineseEdit
| simp. and trad. |
鼻 | |
|---|---|---|
| 2nd round simp. | 𢍂 | |
Glyph originEdit
| Historical forms of the character 鼻 |
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| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
| Small seal script |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *blids): semantic 自 (“nose”) + phonetic 畀 (OC *pids).
自 (OC *ɦljids) originally meant “nose” but came to be used to mean “self”, so the sense of “nose” has been replaced by 鼻 (OC *blids). Some scholars interpret 鼻 (OC *blids) as a combination of a nose (自 (OC *ɦljids)) and two lungs (畀 (OC *pids)).
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bi (“nose”); compare Sichuan Yi ꅳꁖ (hnap bbit, “nose; snot”).
Alternatively, it may be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-brit (“sneeze; nose; swallow”), whence Tibetan སྦྲིད (sbrid, “sneeze”), but there is no trace of r in Chinese (Schuessler, 2007).
In some modern lects, including Mandarin, Gan, Jin, Wu, and Xiang, and even in the literary layer of some Min dialects, the word reflects a form with final *-t. For example, in standard Mandarin, the word is pronounced bí (implying an old entering tone) instead of bì (the expected reflex from the departing tone in Middle Chinese). This is due to a phonological phenomenon in the northwest, either an early loss of *-s in the *-ts cluster before regular final cluster simplification occurred (Baxter, 1992), or a dialectal change from *-s to *-t (Pulleybank, 1998).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
鼻
- (anatomy) nose
- nose-like object, protruding part
- initial; founding; beginning; original
- 鼻祖 ― bízǔ ― forefather; initiator
- (dialectal) nasal mucus; snot
- (archaic or Hakka, Min) to smell
- (Min Bei, including Songxi, Shibei) to kiss
SynonymsEdit
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 吻, 親, 親吻 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 吻, 親 |
| Taiwan | 吻, 親 | |
| Yantai (Muping) | 親 | |
| Wanrong | 親 | |
| Xi'an | 親 | |
| Yangzhou | 親 | |
| Singapore | 吻, 親 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 惜, 啜, 痛 |
| Hong Kong | 惜, 啜, 嘴 | |
| Taishan | 啜 | |
| Dongguan | 啜 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 惜 | |
| Hakka | Meixian | 唚 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 唚 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 唚 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 唚 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 唚 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 唚 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 唚 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 親 |
| Xinzhou | 親 | |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 蜜 |
| Songxi | 鼻 | |
| Zhenghe | 蜜 | |
| Jianyang | 蜜 | |
| Wuyishan | 敕 | |
| Pucheng (Shibei) | 鼻 | |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 唚 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 唚 |
| Xiamen (Tong'an) | 唚 | |
| Quanzhou | 唚 | |
| Shishi | 唚 | |
| Zhangzhou | 唚 | |
| Tainan | 唚 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 唚 | |
| Chaozhou | 唚 | |
| Shantou | 唚 | |
| Singapore (Teochew) | 唚 | |
| Haikou | 惜 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 香 |
| Shanghai (Chongming) | 香 | |
| Suzhou | 香 | |
| Hangzhou | 香 | |
| Ningbo | 親 | |
CompoundsEdit
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ReferencesEdit
- “Entry #10972”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
JapaneseEdit
| Shinjitai | 鼻 | |
| Kyūjitai [1] |
鼻󠄁 鼻+ 󠄁?(Adobe-Japan1) |
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| 鼻󠄃 鼻+ 󠄃?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
| The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. | ||
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
CompoundsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Japonic *pana. From pointing to one's nose to refer to oneself.
PronunciationEdit
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鼻 |
| はな Grade: 3 |
| kun’yomi |
Audio (file)
NounEdit
PronounEdit
Derived termsEdit
- 鼻様 (hanasama)
ReferencesEdit
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 鼻 (MC biɪH).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 삥〮 (Yale: ppí) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 고〮 (Yale: kwó) | 비〯 (Yale: pǐ) |
PronunciationEdit
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pi(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [비(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
HanjaEdit
- Hanja form? of 비 (“nose; nasal; rhino-”).
- 비호흡(鼻呼吸) ― bihoheup( 鼻 呼吸) ― nasal respiration
- 비음(鼻音) ― bieum( 鼻 音) ― a nasal sound
- 비모음(鼻母音) ― bimo'eum( 鼻 母音) ― nasal vowel
- 부비강(副鼻腔) ― bubigang(副 鼻 腔) ― sinus
- 비염(鼻炎) ― biyeom( 鼻 炎) ― rhinitis
- 이비인후과(耳鼻咽喉科) ― ibiinhugwa(耳 鼻 咽喉科) ― otorhinolaryngology
CompoundsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]
KunigamiEdit
KanjiEdit
鼻
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
MiyakoEdit
KanjiEdit
鼻
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
OkinawanEdit
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
鼻 (hana)
ReferencesEdit
- “ハナ” in Okinawa Center of Language Study, Shuri-Naha Dialect Dictionary (archived; reopens 2024).
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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YaeyamaEdit
KanjiEdit
鼻
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
YonaguniEdit
KanjiEdit
鼻