gang
EnglishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Middle English gangen, from Old English gangan (“to go, walk, turn out”), from Proto-Germanic *ganganą (“to go, walk”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- (“to step, walk”).
Cognate with Scots gang (“to go on foot, walk”), Swedish gånga (“to walk, go”), Faroese ganga (“to walk”), Icelandic ganga (“to walk, go”), Vedic Sanskrit जंहस् (jáṃhas). Ultimately: related to etym. 2, see below.
Alternative formsEdit
VerbEdit
gang (third-person singular simple present gangs, present participle ganging, simple past and past participle ganged)
- (intransitive, Northern England, Scotland) To go; walk; proceed.
- 1772, Richard Cumberland, The Fashionable Lover. A Comedy. Act III
- (Colin alone) Ah, Colin, thou’rt a prodigal; a thriftless loon thou’st been, that cou’d na’ keep a little pelf to thysall when thou had’st got it; now thou may’st gang in this poor geer to thy live's end, and worse too for aught I can tell; ’faith, mon, ’twas a smeart little bysack of money thou hadst scrap’d together, an the best part of it had na’ being last amongst thy kinsfolk, in the Isles of Skey and Mull; muckle gude may it do the weams of them that ha’ it! There was Jamie MacGregor and Sawney MacNab, and the twa braw lads of Kinruddin, with old Charley MacDougall, my mother's first husband's second cousin: by my sol I cou’d na’ see such near relations, and gentlemen of sich auncient families gang upon bare feet, while I rode a horseback: I had been na’ true Scot, an I cou’d na’ ge’en a countryman a gude last upon occasion (as he is going out, Miss Aubrey enters.)
- 1828, James Hogg, Mary Burnet
- "And am I to meet my Mary at Moffat? Come away, little, dear, welcome body, thou blessed of heaven, come away, and taste of an auld shepherd's best cheer, and I'll gang foot for foot with you to Moffat, and my auld wife shall gang foot for foot with us too. I tell you, little, blessed, and welcome crile, come along with me."
- 1772, Richard Cumberland, The Fashionable Lover. A Comedy. Act III
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle English gang, from Old English gang (“a journey; way; passage”), from Proto-West Germanic *gang, from Proto-Germanic *gangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰongʰ-o-s, from *ǵʰengʰ- (“to step; stride”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Gong, Dutch gang, German Gang, Norwegian gang, Swedish gång, Icelandic gangur, Vedic Sanskrit जंहस् (jáṃhas).
NounEdit
gang (plural gangs)
- A number going in company; a number of friends or persons associated for a particular purpose.
- the Gashouse Gang
- The gang from our office is going out for drinks Friday night.
- A group of laborers under one foreman; a squad.
- a gang of sailors; a railroad gang; a labor gang or pool.
- A criminal group with a common cultural background and identifying features, often associated with a particular section of a city.
- a youth gang; a neighborhood gang; motorcycle gang.
- A group of criminals or alleged criminals who band together for mutual protection and profit.
- The Winter Hill Gang was quite proficient at murdering rival mobsters in order to take over their rackets.
- A group of politicians united in furtherance of a political goal.
- The Gang of Four was led by Jiang Qing, the fourth wife of Mao Zedong.
- Not all members of the Gang of Six are consistent in their opposition to filibuster.
- (US) A chain gang.
- A combination of similar tools or implements arranged so as, by acting together, to save time or labor; a set.
- a gang of saws; a gang of plows; a gang drill; gang milling.
- A set; all required for an outfit.
- a new gang of stays.
- (electrics) A number of switches or other electrical devices wired into one unit and covered by one faceplate.
- an outlet gang box; a double gang switch.
- (electrics) A group of wires attached as a bundle.
- a gang of wires
- Do a drop for the telephone gang, then another drop for the Internet gang, both through the ceiling of the wiring closet.
- (now chiefly dialectal) A going, journey; a course, path, track.
- 1840, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Woodnotes I.3:
- In unploughed Maine he sought the lumberers’ gang / Where from a hundred lakes young rivers sprang
- 1869, Papa André, Once a Week, page 418/1:
- That week was also called the Gang Week, from the Saxon ganger, to go; and the Rogation days were termed the Gang Days.
- 1895, Frederick Tupper Jr., Anglo-Saxon Dæg-Mæl, Modern Language Association of America, page 229:
- Neither Marshall nor Bouterwek makes clear the connection existing between the Gang-days and the Major and Minor Litanies.
- 1840, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Woodnotes I.3:
- (obsolete) An outhouse: an outbuilding used as a lavatory.
SynonymsEdit
- (outhouse): See Thesaurus:bathroom
HyponymsEdit
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- → Cebuano: gang
- → Dutch: gang
- → Japanese: ギャング (gyangu)
- → Malay: geng
- → Norman: dgaîngue
- → Portuguese: gangue
- → Spanish: gang
- → Tagalog: gang
- → Thai: แก๊ง (gɛ́ng)
TranslationsEdit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
VerbEdit
gang (third-person singular simple present gangs, present participle ganging, simple past and past participle ganged)
- (transitive) To attach similar items together to form a larger unit.
- 1981, United States. Department of Defense, Human Engineering Design Criteria for Military Systems (page 58)
- Volume controls may be ganged to mode switches to provide maximum output […]
- 1999 May, Rosario Capotosto, “Building a Bookcase”, in Popular Mechanics:
- When cutting the back cleats with the T-guide, first gang them together so all the marks on one side align.
- 2011, Corky Binggeli, Interior Graphic Standards: Student Edition, →ISBN, page 317:
- The chairs are usually ganged together using a variety of ganging or locking mechanisms to create rows and prevent the chairs from moving out of position.
- 1981, United States. Department of Defense, Human Engineering Design Criteria for Military Systems (page 58)
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
Etymology 3Edit
See gan.
VerbEdit
gang
Etymology 4Edit
Shortening of gangbang.
VerbEdit
gang (third-person singular simple present gangs, present participle ganging, simple past and past participle ganged)
- Synonym of gangbang: to have sex with a single partner as a gang.
- 2015, Richard Allen, Skinhead, page 80:
- […] there's a thin line to tread to avoid fights or getting “ganged” when rejecting the sexual overtures of incarcerated women.
- 2015, Richard Allen, Skinhead, page 80:
ReferencesEdit
Etymology 5Edit
NounEdit
gang (countable and uncountable, plural gangs)
AnagramsEdit
AfrikaansEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Dutch gang, from Middle Dutch ganc, from Old Dutch gank, gang, from Proto-Germanic *gangaz.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang (plural gange)
- a passageway, alley
Alemannic GermanEdit
VerbEdit
gang
BalineseEdit
RomanizationEdit
gang
- Romanization of ᬕᬂ
CebuanoEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Borrowed from English gang, From Middle English gang, from Old English gang (“a journey; way; passage”), from Proto-Germanic *gangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰongʰ-o-s, from *ǵʰengʰ- (“to step; stride”).
NounEdit
gang
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From langga, pangga. Compare lang.
NounEdit
gang
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:gang.
DanishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Danish gang, from Old Norse gangr, from Proto-Germanic *gangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- (“stride, step”).
NounEdit
gang c (singular definite gangen, plural indefinite gange)
- the act of walking, a walk
- a time (an occurrence, an incidence)
- Hvor mange gange slog klokken?
- How many times did the bell toll?
- Hvor mange gange slog klokken?
- a way or path to walk on, either outdoors or indoors (a corridor)
InflectionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
See gange.
VerbEdit
gang
- imperative of gange
ReferencesEdit
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Dutch ganc, from Old Dutch gank, gang, from Proto-West Germanic *gang, from Proto-Germanic *gangaz.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang m (plural gangen, diminutive gangetje n)
- passageway, alley
- gait, walk (person's manner of walking or stepping)
- journey
- hallway, corridor
- course
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
- Afrikaans: gang
- Petjo: gang
- → Balinese: ᬕᬂ
- → Caribbean Javanese: gang
- → Indonesian: gang
- → Papiamentu: gang, han, hangetsji, hangetsje
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang m (plural gangs)
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “gang”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
GaroEdit
EtymologyEdit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
NounEdit
gang
ReferencesEdit
- Burling, R. (2003) The Language of the Modhupur Mandi (Garo) Vol. II: The Lexicon[1], Bangladesh: University of Michigan, page 114
GermanEdit
VerbEdit
gang
- obsolete form of geh, singular imperative of gehen
HungarianEdit
EtymologyEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang (plural gangok)
- (informal) outside walkway, hanging corridor (along the main walls of the courtyard of a tenement building, a major venue of socializing with neighbours)
- Synonym: (mainly as an architectural term) függőfolyosó
DeclensionEdit
Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | gang | gangok |
accusative | gangot | gangokat |
dative | gangnak | gangoknak |
instrumental | ganggal | gangokkal |
causal-final | gangért | gangokért |
translative | ganggá | gangokká |
terminative | gangig | gangokig |
essive-formal | gangként | gangokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | gangban | gangokban |
superessive | gangon | gangokon |
adessive | gangnál | gangoknál |
illative | gangba | gangokba |
sublative | gangra | gangokra |
allative | ganghoz | gangokhoz |
elative | gangból | gangokból |
delative | gangról | gangokról |
ablative | gangtól | gangoktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
gangé | gangoké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
gangéi | gangokéi |
Possessive forms of gang | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | gangom | gangjaim |
2nd person sing. | gangod | gangjaid |
3rd person sing. | gangja | gangjai |
1st person plural | gangunk | gangjaink |
2nd person plural | gangotok | gangjaitok |
3rd person plural | gangjuk | gangjaik |
Derived termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- gang in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
IndonesianEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Dutch gang (“passageway, alley”), from Middle Dutch ganc, from Old Dutch gank, gang, from Proto-Germanic *gangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰongʰ-o-s, from *ǵʰengʰ- (“to step; stride”). Doublet of geng.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang (first-person possessive gangku, second-person possessive gangmu, third-person possessive gangnya)
- alleyway, alley, narrow street. A narrow pathway bound by walls on both sides
- gang buntu ― dead-end alley
- Synonym: lorong
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
NounEdit
gang (first-person possessive gangku, second-person possessive gangmu, third-person possessive gangnya)
- Alternative spelling of geng (“gang”)
VerbEdit
gang
- Alternative spelling of geng
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Salmon Claudine. Malay (and Javanese) Loan-words in Chinese as a Mirror of Cultural Exchanges. In: Archipel, volume 78, 2009. pp. 181-208
Further readingEdit
- “gang” in Online Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language [Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Daring], Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
ItalianEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Unadapted borrowing from English gang.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang f (usually invariable, plural (dated) gangs)
- gang, specifically:
- (dated) a group of people
- (dated) a group of laborers under one foreman
- a criminal group
Related termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ gang in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
- gang in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
MandarinEdit
RomanizationEdit
gang
Usage notesEdit
- English transcriptions of Mandarin speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone.
Middle EnglishEdit
NounEdit
gang
- Alternative form of gong
Norwegian BokmålEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse gangr, also related to gå.
NounEdit
gang m (definite singular gangen, indefinite plural ganger, definite plural gangene)
- hall, hallway
- Sett fra deg skoene i gangen.
- Leave your shoes in the hallway.
- Sett fra deg skoene i gangen.
- passage, corridor
- I enden av den lange gangen er klasserommet.
- The classroom is at the end of the long corridor.
- I enden av den lange gangen er klasserommet.
- aisle
- walk, path
- walk, walking, going
- walk, gait
- Gangen hans er litt merkelig.
- His gait is a bit weird
- Gangen hans er litt merkelig.
- working, running, action, movement, motion, operation
- course; passage
- course; march
- time
- Vi vant fem ganger på rad!
- We won five times in a row!
- Vi vant fem ganger på rad!
- plot, action
- Historiens gang var litt komplisert.
- The plot of the story was somewhat complicated.
- Historiens gang var litt komplisert.
- (mining) dike, lode
- vein
- (anatomy) duct
Derived termsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “gang” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian NynorskEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Norse gangr, also related to gå.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang m (definite singular gangen, indefinite plural gangar, definite plural gangane)
- hall, hallway
- Sett frå deg skorne i gangen.
- Leave your shoes in the hallway.
- Sett frå deg skorne i gangen.
- passage, corridor
- I enden av den lange gangen er klasserommet.
- The classroom is at the end of the long corridor.
- aisle
- walk, path
- walk, walking, going
- walk, gait
- Gangen hans er litt merkeleg.
- His gait is a bit weird
- Gangen hans er litt merkeleg.
- working, running, action, movement, motion, operation
- course; passage
- course; march
- plot, action
- Gangen i soga var litt komplisert.
- The plot of the story was somewhat complicated.
- Gangen i soga var litt komplisert.
- (mining) dike, lode
- vein
- (anatomy) duct
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “gang” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old EnglishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *gang, from Proto-Germanic *gangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- (“to step; stride”). Related to Old English gangan (“to go, walk”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang m
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
Derived termsEdit
- begang (“path, circuit”)
- bēogang (“swarm of bees”)
- circgang (“going to church”)
- earsgang (“toilet”)
- fæstgangol (“steadygoing”)
- fēþegang (“m journey on foot”)
- forþgang (“progress”)
- gangdæġ (“gangday”)
- ganghere (“infantry”)
- gangġeteld (“portable tent”)
- gangpytt, gangsetl, gangstōl, gangtūn (“toilet”)
- gangweġ (“passageway”)
- handgang (“surrender”)
- heregang (“army incursion”)
- hūslgang (“procession of the Eucharist”)
- ingang (“entrance”)
- niþergang (“descent”)
- ofergang (“crossing, transition”)
- samodgang (“communication between rooms”)
- sulhgang (“the land which can be gone over by one plough in a day”)
- sunganges (“moving with the sun”)
- tōgang (“access”)
- ūpgang (“ascent, rise”)
- ūtgang (“exit, departure”)
- wīdgangol (“wandering, roving”)
- ymbgang (“circuit, circumference”)
DescendantsEdit
Old High GermanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-West Germanic *gang.
NounEdit
gang m (plural ganga)
DeclensionEdit
case | singular | plural |
---|---|---|
nominative | gang | ganga |
accusative | gang | ganga |
genitive | ganges | gango |
dative | gange | gangum |
instrumental | gangu | — |
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
PolishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from English gang, from Middle English gang, from Old English gang, from Proto-West Germanic *gang, from Proto-Germanic *gangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰongʰ-o-s, from *ǵʰengʰ-.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang m inan
DeclensionEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- gang in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- gang in Polish dictionaries at PWN
PortugueseEdit
NounEdit
gang (Portugal) m or (Brazil) f (plural gangs)
- Dated spelling of gangue.
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
gang n (plural ganguri)
DeclensionEdit
singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
nominative/accusative | (un) gang | gangul | (niște) ganguri | gangurile |
genitive/dative | (unui) gang | gangului | (unor) ganguri | gangurilor |
vocative | gangule | gangurilor |
ScotsEdit
Alternative formsEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English gangen, from Old English gangan, Old Norse ganga, with inflected forms from Old English gān (like English go).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
gang (third-person singular simple present gangs, present participle gaun, simple past gaed, past participle gaen)
- To go.
- 1794, Robert Burns, "A Red, Red, Rose":
- And I will love thee still, my dear
Till a’ the seas gang dry.
- And I will love thee still, my dear
- 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide
- 'There you gang,' she cries, 'broking wi' thae wearifu' Pharisees o' Caulds, whae daurna darken your mither's door! A bonnie dutiful child, quotha! Wumman, hae ye nae pride, or even the excuse o' a tinkler-lass?'
- 1794, Robert Burns, "A Red, Red, Rose":
SpanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
NounEdit
gang m (plural gangs)
Related termsEdit
TagalogEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from English gang, From Middle English gang, from Old English gang (“a journey; way; passage”), from Proto-Germanic *gangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰongʰ-o-s, from *ǵʰengʰ- (“to step; stride”).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
gang
- gang (company of persons)
- Synonyms: barkada, barkadahan
- criminal gang
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “gang”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2018
- “gang” in Pinoy Dictionary, Cyberspace.ph, 2010-2022.
VietnameseEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Vietic *c-kaːŋ (“handspan”).
NounEdit
- a handspan
See alsoEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːŋ, from Old Chinese 鋼 (OC *C.kˤaŋ) (B-S) (SV: cương).