iad

See also: IAD and -iad

Irish

Etymology

From Middle Irish íat (“they, them”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iəd̪ˠ/

Pronoun

iad (emphatic form iadsan, disjunctive)

1. they, them

See also

Irish personal pronouns

Number	Person (and gender)	Conjunctive (emphatic)	Disjunctive (emphatic)	Possessive determiner
Singular	First	mé (mise)		mo L m' before vowel sounds
	Second	tú (tusa)1	thú (thusa)	do L d' before vowel sounds
	Third masculine	sé (seisean)	é (eisean)	a L
	Third feminine	sí (sise)	í (ise)	a H
Plural	First	muid, sinn (muidne, muide), (sinne)		ár E
	Second	sibh (sibhse)1		bhur E
	Third	siad (siadsan)	iad (iadsan)	a E

^L Triggers lenition ^E Triggers eclipsis ^H Triggers h-prothesis

¹ Also used as the vocative

The reflexive is formed by adding féin to the relevant pronoun: e.g. "myself" = mé féin, "yourselves" = sibh féin.

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
iad	n-iad	hiad	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• "iad" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “íat”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Entries containing “iad” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “iad” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

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Romanian

Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic адъ (adŭ). Compare Bulgarian ад (ad).

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ad

• audio

  (file)

Noun

iad n (plural iaduri)

1. hell

Synonyms

• infern, gheenă

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Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Middle Irish íat (“they, them”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [iət̪], [ət̪]

Pronoun

iad

1. they
2. them

   Bha iad a' teagasg Seamus. - They were teaching James.

Usage notes

Note that iad, or any other free-standing pronoun, cannot be used as the object of a verbal noun.

• *Bha Seamus a' teagasg iad. - Intended: 'James was teaching them.'

Instead, one of the gam series must be used. See the discussion at here.

Derived terms

• iadsan (emphatic)
• iad seo
• iad sin

See also

• mi
• thu
• e

• i
• sinn
• sibh

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Welsh

Noun

iad f (plural iadau)

1. Crown of the head, pate; top, summit.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
iad	unchanged	unchanged	hiad
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.