体

See also: 體, 休, and 𠇾

体 U+4F53, 体 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F53 ← 佒 [U+4F52] CJK Unified Ideographs 佔 → [U+4F54]

Translingual

Japanese	体
Simplified	体
Traditional	體/体

Alternative forms

In the historical Chinese dictionary Longkan Shoujian (龍龕手鑑), this character is written in the form of ⿰亻夲.

Han character

体 (radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人木一 (ODM), four-corner 2523₀, composition ⿰亻本)

Derived characters

• 𭈄, 𭰟, 𬌕, 𫌠/𧡊, 𥮋

Related characters

• 體 (Orthodox traditional form of 体)

References

• KangXi: page 98, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 509
• Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 130, character 1
• Unihan data for U+4F53

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Chinese

Etymology 1

Glyph origin

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 亻 (“person”) + 本 (“basis”).

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 体 – see 體 (“body; part of the body; etc.”). (This character, 体, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 體.)

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		体

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (本) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
本	*pɯːnʔ
笨	*pɯːnʔ, *bɯːnʔ
苯	*pɯːnʔ
翉	*pʰɯːnʔ
体	*bɯːnʔ
鉢	*poːd
缽	*poːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bɯːnʔ): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 本 (OC *pɯːnʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bèn (ben⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ban⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: bèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄣˋ
    • Wade–Giles: pên4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: benn
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bèn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ban⁶
    • Yale: bahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ban⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ben⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɐn²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /buən^X/

Rime
Character	体
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蒲本切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buənX/
Pan Wuyun	/buonX/
Shao Rongfen	/buənX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwənX/
Li Rong	/buənX/
Wang Li	/buənX/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuənX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bèn

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*bɯːnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	体
Reading #	1/1
No.	477
Phonetic component	本
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	獖
Old Chinese	/*bɯːnʔ/
Notes	晉書作笨

Definitions

体

1. Alternative form of 笨 (bèn, “coarse appearance; inferior”).
2. Used in 体夫 (“pallbearer”).

Compounds

• 体夫

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		体

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cuì (cui⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄟˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: cuì
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟˋ
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻui4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuey
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cuèi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰweɪ̯⁵¹/

Definitions

体

1. ^‡ name of prison

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Japanese

Shinjitai	体
Kyūjitai	體

Kanji 1

体

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 體)

1. body

Readings

• Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
• Kun: からだ (karada, 体, Jōyō)
• Nanori: なり (nari)

Kanji 2

体

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, co-opted for common use, see above)

1. inferior
2. rough, rude (same as 笨)

Readings

• Go-on: ぼん (bon)
• Kan-on: ほん (hon)

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Kanji in this term
体
からだ Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) からだ [kàrádá] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA^(key): [ka̠ɾa̠da̠]

Alternative forms

• 躯, 身体

Noun

体(からだ) • (karada) 

1. body
   • 2004 November 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第だい二に十じゅう六ろく訓くん　旅たびにはパンツは忘わすれてもＵＮＯウノは忘わすれるな [Lesson 26: Never Forget to Bring UNO on a Trip Even If You Might Forget Your Underwear]”, in 銀ぎん魂たま [Silver Soul], volume 4 (fiction), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN:

     あー　身体(からだ)も重(おも)いし　完(かん)全(ぜん)に二(ふつ)日(か)酔(よ)いじゃの〰アッハッハッハッハッ

     Ā karada mo omoishi Kanzen ni futsukayoi ja no~ ahhahhahhahha'

     Agh, my body feels all heavy. Must be the hangover~ ahahahaha

2. health

Derived terms

• 体付(からだつ)き (karadatsuki)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
体
たい Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 體 (thej^X, “body”).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) た​い [táꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [ta̠i]

Counter

体(たい) • (-tai) 

1. counter for humanoid objects
   • 2017 March 25, “リンク・スパイダー [Link Spider]”, in STARTERスターター DECKデッキ, Konami:

     通つう常じょうモンスター１いっ体たい
     ①いち：１いっターンに１いち度ど、自じ分ぶんメインフェイズに発はつ動どうできる。手て札ふだからレベル４よん以い下かの通つう常じょうモンスター１いっ体たいをこのカードのリンク先さきに特とく殊しゅ召しょう喚かんする。

     Tsūjō Monsutā ittai
     Ichi: Ittān ni ichido, jibun Mein Feizu ni hatsudō dekiru. Tefuda kara Reberu yon ika no Tsūjō Monsutā ittai o kono kādo no Rinku-saki ni Tokushu Shōkansuru.

     1 or more Normal Monsters
     1: Once per turn, can be activated during your Main Phase. Special Summon 1 Normal Monster of Level 4 or lower from your hand to where this card is linked to.

Noun

体(たい) • (tai) 

1. body
2. form
3. (algebra) field (commutative ring with invertible nonzero elements)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• ガラス体(たい) (garasutai, “vitreous body”)
• 字(じ)体(たい) (jitai)
• 硝(しょう)子(し)体(たい) (shōshitai, “vitreous body”)
• 身(しん)体(たい) (shintai)
• 体(たい)位(い) (taii)
• 体(たい)育(いく) (taiiku)
• 体(たい)液(えき) (taieki)
• 体(たい)温(おん) (taion)
• 体(たい)外(がい) (taigai)
• 体(たい)格(かく) (taikaku)
• 体(たい)感(かん) (taikan)
• 体(たい)技(ぎ) (taigi)
• 体(たい)協(きょう) (taikyō)
• 体(たい)躯(く) (taiku)
• 体(たい)腔(くう) (taikū)
• 体(たい)刑(けい) (taikei)
• 体(たい)型(けい) (taikei)
• 体(たい)形(けい) (taikei)
• 体(たい)系(けい) (taikei)
• 体(たい)験(けん) (taiken)
• 体(たい)現(げん) (taigen)
• 体(たい)言(げん) (taigen)
• 体(たい)質(しつ) (taishitsu)

• 体(たい)重(じゅう) (taijū)
• 体(たい)臭(しゅつ) (taishutsu)
• 体(たい)術(じゅつ) (taijutsu, “taijutsu”)
• 体(たい)制(せい) (taisei)
• 体(たい)勢(せい) (taisei)
• 体(たい)積(せき) (taiseki)
• 体(たい)操(そう) (taisō)
• 体(たい)中(ちゅう) (taichū)
• 体(たい)調(ちょう) (taichō)
• 体(たい)長(ちょう) (taichō)
• 体(たい)得(とく) (taitoku)
• 体(たい)内(ない) (tainai)
• 体(たい)認(にん) (tainin)
• 体(たい)熱(ねつ) (tainetsu)
• 体(たい)罰(ばつ) (taibatsu)
• 体(たい)貌(ぼつ) (taibotsu)
• 体(たい)面(めん) (taimen)
• 体(たい)毛(もう) (taimō)
• 体(たい)様(よう) (taiyō)
• 体(たい)要(よう) (taiyō)
• 体(たい)量(りょう) (tairyō)
• 体(たい)力(りょく) (tairyoku)
• 扁(へん)桃(とう)体(たい) (hentōtai, “amygdala”)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
体
てい Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • (Tokyo) て​ー [téꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [te̞ː]

Alternative forms

• 態

Noun

体(てい) • (tei) 

1. appearance

Derived terms

• 体(てい)裁(さい) (teisai)
• 体(てい)良(よ)く (teiyoku)

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Korean

Etymology 1

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 亻 (“person”) + 本 (“basis”).

Hanja

体 (eumhun 용렬할 분 (yongnyeolhal bun))

1. mediocre
2. rough
3. pallbearer

Etymology 2

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 亻 (“person”) + 本 (“basis”).

Hanja

体 (eumhun 몸 체 (mom che))

1. body
2. personally
3. shape
4. root
5. formality
6. matter
7. object
8. handwriting
9. style
10. experience
11. get by experience
12. acknowledge
13. think

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Vietnamese

Etymology 1

Han character

体: Hán Nôm readings: thể

1. body

Etymology 2

Han character

体: Hán Nôm readings: thấy

1. Alternative form of 𫌠/𧡊 (to see)

References

• Nom Foundation