体

See also: 體, 休, and 𠇾

体 U+4F53, 体 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F53 ← 佒 [U+4F52] CJK Unified Ideographs 佔 → [U+4F54]

Contents

Translingual

Japanese	体
Simplified	体
Traditional	體/体

Alternative forms

In the historical Chinese dictionary Longkan Shoujian (龍龕手鑑), this character is written in the form of ⿰亻夲.

Han character

体 (radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人木一 (ODM), four-corner 2523₀, composition ⿰亻本)

Derived characters

• 𭈄, 𭰟, 𬌕, 𫌠/𧡊, 𥮋

Related characters

• 體 (Orthodox traditional form of 体)

References

• KangXi: page 98, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 509
• Dae Jaweon: page 208, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 130, character 1
• Unihan data for U+4F53

Usage notes

• Readings as traditional 体 (coarse; inferior):

  ban6 (Cantonese), bèn (Mandarin), bun (Korean), hon (Japanese).

• Readings as simplification of 體 (body; group):

  tai2 (Cantonese), tǐ (Mandarin), che (Korean), tei or tai (Japanese), thể (Vietnamese).

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Chinese

Etymology 1

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 亻 (“person”) + 本 (“basis”).

For pronunciation and definitions of 体 – see 體 (“body; part of the body; etc.”). (This character, 体, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 體.)

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		体

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (本) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
本	*pɯːnʔ
笨	*pɯːnʔ, *bɯːnʔ
苯	*pɯːnʔ
翉	*pʰɯːnʔ
体	*bɯːnʔ
鉢	*poːd
缽	*poːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bɯːnʔ): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 本 (OC *pɯːnʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bèn (ben⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ban⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: bèn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄣˋ
    • Wade–Giles: pên⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: benn
    • IPA ^(key): /pən⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ban⁶
    • Yale: bahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ban⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ben⁶
    • IPA ^(key): /pɐn²²/

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• Middle Chinese: /buən^X/▼

Rime
Character	体
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	魂 (55)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蒲本切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buənX/
Pan Wuyun	/buonX/
Shao Rongfen	/buənX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwənX/
Li Rong	/buənX/
Wang Li	/buənX/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuənX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bèn

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*bɯːnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	体
Reading #	1/1
No.	477
Phonetic component	本
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	獖
Old Chinese	/*bɯːnʔ/
Notes	晉書作笨

Definitions

体

1. Alternative form of 笨 (bèn, “coarse appearance; inferior”).
2. Used in 体夫 (“pallbearer”).

Compounds

• 体夫

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		体

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): cuì (cui⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄟˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: cuì
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟˋ
    • Wade–Giles: ts'ui⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuey
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

Definitions

体

1. ^‡ name of prison

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Japanese

Shinjitai	体
Kyūjitai	體

Kanji 1

体

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 體)

1. body

Readings

• Go-on: たい (tai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: てい (tei, Jōyō)
• Kun: からだ (karada, 体, Jōyō)

Kanji 2

体

(Uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, co-opted for common use, see above)

1. inferior
2. rough, rude (same as 笨)

Readings

• Go-on: ぼん (bon)
• Kan-on: ほん (hon)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
体
からだ Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) からだ [kàrádá] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA^(key): [ka̠ɾa̠da̠]

Alternative forms

• 躯, 身体

Noun

体 (hiragana からだ, rōmaji karada)

1. body
   • 2004 November 9, Sorachi, Hideaki, “第だい二十六訓くん　旅たびにはパンツは忘わすれてもＵＮＯウノは忘わすれるな [Lesson 26: Never Forget to Bring UNO on a Trip Even If You Might Forget Your Underwear]”, in 銀ぎん魂たま [Silver Soul], volume 4 (fiction, in Japanese), Tokyo: Shueisha, →ISBN, in Japanese), :

     あー　身体 (からだ)も重 (おも)いし　完全 (かんぜん)に二 (ふつ)日 (か)酔 (よ)いじゃの〰アッハッハッハッハッ

     Ā karada mo omoishi Kanzen ni futsukayoi ja no~Ahhahhahhahha'

     Agh, my body feels all heavy. Must be the hangover〰Ahahahaha

2. health

Derived terms

• 体付 (からだつ)き (karadatsuki)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
体
たい Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 體 (thej^X, “body”).

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Goon
  • (Tokyo) た​い [táꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [ta̠i]

Counter

体 (hiragana たい, rōmaji -tai)

1. counter for humanoid objects
   • 2017 March 25, “リンク・スパイダー [Link Spider]”, in ＳＴＡＲＴＥＲスターター ＤＥＣＫデッキ, Konami:

     通つう常じょうモンスター１体たい
     ①：１ターンに１度ど、自じ分ぶんメインフェイズに発はつ動どうできる。手て札ふだからレベル４以い下かの通つう常じょうモンスター１体たいをこのカードのリンク先さきに特とく殊しゅ召しょう喚かんする。

     Tsūjō Monsutā ittai
     ①: Ittān ni ichi-do, jibun Mein Feizu ni hatsudō dekiru. Tefuda kara Reberu 4 ika no Tsūjō Monsutā ittai o kono kādo no Rinku-saki ni Tokushu Shōkansuru.

     1 or more Normal Monsters
     ①: Once per turn, can be activated during your Main Phase. Special Summon 1 Normal Monster of Level 4 or lower from your hand to where this card is linked to.

Noun

体 (hiragana たい, rōmaji tai)

1. body
2. form
3. (algebra) field (commutative ring with invertible nonzero elements)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• ガラス体 (たい) (garasutai, “vitreous body”)
• 字体 (じたい) (jitai)
• 硝子体 (しょうしたい) (shōshitai, “vitreous body”)
• 身体 (しんたい) (shintai)
• 体 (た)位 (いい) (taii)
• 体育 (たいいく) (taiiku)
• 体液 (たいえき) (taieki)
• 体温 (たいおん) (taion)
• 体外 (たいがい) (taigai)
• 体格 (たいかく) (taikaku)
• 体感 (たいかん) (taikan)
• 体技 (たいぎ) (taigi)
• 体協 (たいきょう) (taikyō)
• 体躯 (たいく) (taiku)
• 体腔 (たいくう) (taikū)
• 体刑 (たいけい) (taikei)
• 体型 (たいけい) (taikei)
• 体形 (たいけい) (taikei)
• 体系 (たいけい) (taikei)
• 体験 (たいけん) (taiken)
• 体現 (たいげん) (taigen)
• 体言 (たいげん) (taigen)
• 体質 (たいしつ) (taishitsu)

• 体重 (たいじゅう) (taijū)
• 体臭 (たいしゅつ) (taishutsu)
• 体術 (たいじゅつ) (taijutsu, “taijutsu”)
• 体制 (たいせい) (taisei)
• 体勢 (たいせい) (taisei)
• 体積 (たいせき) (taiseki)
• 体操 (たいそう) (taisō)
• 体中 (たいちゅう) (taichū)
• 体調 (たいちょう) (taichō)
• 体長 (たいちょう) (taichō)
• 体得 (たいとく) (taitoku)
• 体内 (たいない) (tainai)
• 体認 (たいにん) (tainin)
• 体熱 (たいねつ) (tainetsu)
• 体罰 (たいばつ) (taibatsu)
• 体貌 (たいぼつ) (taibotsu)
• 体面 (たいめん) (taimen)
• 体毛 (たいもう) (taimō)
• 体様 (たいよう) (taiyō)
• 体要 (たいよう) (taiyō)
• 体量 (たいりょう) (tairyō)
• 体力 (たいりょく) (tairyoku)
• 扁桃体 (へんとうたい) (hentōtai, “amygdala”)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
体
てい Grade: 2
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • (Tokyo) て​ー [téꜜè] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [te̞ː]

Alternative forms

• 態

Noun

体 (hiragana てい, rōmaji tei)

1. appearance

Derived terms

• 体裁 (ていさい) (teisai)
• 体 (てい)良 (よ)く (teiyoku)

References

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Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

体 (eumhun 용렬할 분 (yongnyeolhal bun))

1. mediocre
2. rough
3. pallbearer

Etymology 2

Hanja

体 (eumhun 몸 체 (mom che))

1. body
2. personally
3. shape
4. root
5. formality
6. matter
7. object
8. handwriting
9. style
10. experience
11. get by experience
12. acknowledge
13. think

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Vietnamese

Etymology 1

Han character

体 (thể)

1. body

Etymology 2

Han character

体 (thấy)

1. Alternative form of 𫌠/𧡊 (to see)

References

• Nom Foundation