iris
EnglishEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle English [Term?], from Latin īris, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris, “rainbow”), from Proto-Indo-European *wey-ro- (“a twist, thread, cord, wire”), from *weh₁y- (“to turn, twist, weave, plait”). Cognate to English wire.
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
iris (plural irises or iris or irides) (See Usage notes)
- (botany) A plant of the genus Iris, common in the northern hemisphere, and generally having attractive blooms (See Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia ).
- 1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter V, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, OCLC 24962326:
- Breezes blowing from beds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume; she saw the tufted lilacs sway in the wind, and the streamers of mauve-tinted wistaria swinging, all a-glisten with golden bees; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines.
- (anatomy) The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil, which adjusts to control the amount of light reaching the retina, and which forms the colored portion of the eye (See Iris (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia ).
- (photography, cinematography) A diaphragm used to regulate the size of a hole, especially as a way of controlling the amount of light reaching a lens.
- (poetic) A rainbow, or other colourful refraction of light.
- (electronics) A constricted opening in the path inside a waveguide, used to form a resonator.
- (zoology) The inner circle of an oscillated color spot.
Usage notesEdit
For the part of the eye, the usual medical plural is irides.
For the flower both iris and irises are in common use.
QuotationsEdit
For quotations using this term, see Citations:iris.
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
TranslationsEdit
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Further readingEdit
- Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Iris (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
VerbEdit
iris (third-person singular simple present irises, present participle irising, simple past and past participle irised)
AnagramsEdit
CatalanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Latin iris, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
iris m (plural iris)
- iris (part of the eye)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “iris” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
DutchEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Latin īris or Middle French iris (itself from Latin), from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
iris f (plural irissen, diminutive irisje n)
- (anatomy) iris (coloured part of the eye)
- Synonym: regenboogvlies
- (botany) iris, plant of the genus Iris
EsperantoEdit
PronunciationEdit
Audio (file)
VerbEdit
iris
- past of iri
FrenchEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Latin iris, Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
iris m (plural iris)
Further readingEdit
- “iris” in Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
IdoEdit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
iris
- past of irar
IndonesianEdit
NounEdit
iris (plural, first-person possessive irisku, second-person possessive irismu, third-person possessive irisnya)
VerbEdit
mengiris
- to slice
IrishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Irish iris f (“a thong or strap (from which a shield, bag, etc. is suspended)”).
NounEdit
iris f (genitive singular irise, nominative plural irisí)
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 2Edit
From Old Irish iress (“religion, creed, the (true) faith”).
NounEdit
iris f (genitive singular irise)
DeclensionEdit
Bare forms (no plural form of this noun)
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Forms with the definite article
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Alternative formsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
NounEdit
iris f (genitive singular irise, nominative plural irisí)
- Alternative form of oireas
- magazine, journal
- Synonym: irisleabhar
- gazette
DeclensionEdit
Derived termsEdit
- iriseoir m (“journalist”)
- iris mhíosúil f (“monthly magazine”)
- iris oifigiúil f (“official gazette”)
- iris trádála f (“trade journal”)
Related termsEdit
- iriseoireacht f (“journalism”)
Etymology 4Edit
NounEdit
iris m
PronunciationEdit
MutationEdit
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
iris | n-iris | hiris | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further readingEdit
- "iris" in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “iris”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Maire Ní Mhaonaigh, Sharon Arbuthnot, Dagmar Wodtko, Maire-Luise Theuerkauf, editors (2019) , “ires(s)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Entries containing “iris” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “iris” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
ItalianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Latin iris, Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
NounEdit
iris m or f (invariable)
AnagramsEdit
LatinEdit
NounEdit
īris f (genitive iridis); third declension
- rainbow
- Vulgate Bible, Douay-Rheims Version, Revelation 10:1
- et vidi alium angelum fortem descendentem de caelo amictum nube et iris in capite eius et facies eius erat ut sol et pedes eius tamquam columna ignis
- Vulgate Bible, Douay-Rheims Version, Revelation 10:1
Third-declension noun (i-stem).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | īris | īrēs |
Genitive | īris | īrium |
Dative | īrī | īribus |
Accusative | īrem | īrēs īrīs |
Ablative | īre | īribus |
Vocative | īris | īrēs |
īrīs
Norwegian BokmålEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris, “rainbow”).
NounEdit
iris m (definite singular irisen, indefinite plural iriser, definite plural irisene)
- (botany) an iris (flower)
- (anatomy) an iris (part of the eye)
- Synonym: regnbuehinne
ReferencesEdit
- “iris” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian NynorskEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris, “rainbow”).
NounEdit
iris m (definite singular irisen, indefinite plural irisar, definite plural irisane)
- (botany) an iris (flower)
- (anatomy) an iris (part of the eye)
- Synonym: regnbogehinne
ReferencesEdit
- “iris” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
iris
- Alternative spelling of iriss: accusative/dative singular of ires
MutationEdit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
iris | unchanged | n-iris |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
PortugueseEdit
NounEdit
iris f (plural iris)
- Obsolete spelling of íris
RomanianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from French iris, Latin iris, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
NounEdit
iris n (plural irisuri)
NounEdit
iris n (plural iriși)
Scottish GaelicEdit
EtymologyEdit
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Irish iris.
NounEdit
iris f (genitive singular irise, plural irisean)
- magazine, periodical
- Synonym: ràitheachan
MutationEdit
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
iris | n-iris | h-iris | t-iris |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
SpanishEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Latin iris, Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
iris m (plural iris or iríses)
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
Further readingEdit
- “iris” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.