Wiktionary

rust

See also: rüst, růst, Rust, and rúst

EnglishEdit

 
English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
 
Rust
 
Rust on a can

PronunciationEdit

  • enPR: rŭst, IPA(key): /ɹʌst/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ʌst

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, rūst (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).

Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”). Related to red.

NounEdit

rust (countable and uncountable, plural rusts)

  1. The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation.
    The rust on my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.
  2. A similar substance based on another metal (usually with qualification, such as "copper rust").
    aerugo. Green or blue-green copper rust; verdigris. (American Heritage Dictionary, 1973)
  3. A reddish-brown color.
    rust:  
  4. A disease of plants caused by a reddish-brown fungus.
  5. (philately) Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.


Derived termsEdit
TranslationsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

 
A rusting leaf.
 
A black cat that has rusted.

From Middle English rusten, from the noun (see above).

VerbEdit

rust (third-person singular simple present rusts, present participle rusting, simple past and past participle rusted)

  1. (intransitive) To oxidize, especially of iron or steel.
    The patio furniture had rusted in the wind-driven spray.
  2. (transitive) To cause to oxidize.
    The wind-driven spray had thoroughly rusted the patio furniture.
  3. (intransitive) To be affected with the parasitic fungus called rust.
    • 1902 January 3, “Mapstone Oats: Further Experiences”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record‎[1], volume 4, number 22, page 688:
      I am sorry to say that, contrary to the majority, I have to report that the forage rusted rather badly.
  4. (transitive, intransitive, figuratively) To (cause to) degenerate in idleness; to make or become dull or impaired by inaction.
    • 1692, John Dryden, Cleomenes, the Spartan Hero, a Tragedy
      Must I rust in Egypt? never more / Appear in arms, and be the chief of Greece?
  5. (intransitive) Of a black cat or its fur, to turn rust-coloured following long periods of exposure to sunlight.
    It's very common for black cats to rust during the summer.
SynonymsEdit
TranslationsEdit
See alsoEdit

AnagramsEdit

DanishEdit

 
Danish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia da

EtymologyEdit

From Old Swedish rost (“rust”), from Old Norse *rustr, possibly borrowed from Old Saxon rost, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

rust c (singular definite rusten, not used in plural form)

  1. rust
  2. corrosion

VerbEdit

rust

  1. imperative of ruste

DutchEdit

PronunciationEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Middle Dutch ruste, from Old Dutch *rusta, from Proto-Germanic *rustijō. Cognate with German Low German Rüst (“rest”), German Rüste (“end, sunset”).

NounEdit

rust f (plural rusten)

  1. rest, calm, peace
    Waarom laat je me niet met rust?
    Why don't you leave me alone?
    (literally, “Why don't you leave me at rest?”)
  2. (sports) half-time
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
  • Negerhollands: rust, res

Etymology 2Edit

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

VerbEdit

rust

  1. first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of rusten
  2. imperative of rusten

Middle EnglishEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From Old English rust, rūst, from Proto-West Germanic *rust, *rost, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

Alternative formsEdit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

rust (uncountable)

  1. rust (oxidisation of iron or steel)
  2. (figuratively) Moral degeneration.
  3. (horticulture) A fungal disease of plants.
Related termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit

Etymology 2Edit

VerbEdit

rust

  1. Alternative form of rusten

Norwegian BokmålEdit

 
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

NounEdit

rust m or f (definite singular rusta or rusten) (uncountable)

  1. rust (oxidation of iron and steel)
  2. rust (disease affecting plants)

Derived termsEdit

VerbEdit

rust

  1. imperative of ruste

Norwegian NynorskEdit

Etymology 1Edit

 
Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

From Proto-Germanic *rustaz.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

rust f (definite singular rusta) (uncountable)

  1. rust (oxidation, as above)
  2. rust (plant disease)

VerbEdit

rust

  1. imperative of rusta and ruste

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

VerbEdit

rust

  1. past participle of rusa

ReferencesEdit

Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=rust&oldid=69577584"