over

See also over-, över, över-, and øver

English

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Wikipedia

Etymology

From Old English ofer, from Proto-Germanic *uber, from Proto-Indo-European *upér-, a comparative form of *upo; akin to Dutch over, German ober, über, Old High German ubir, ubar, Danish over, Swedish över, Icelandic yfir, Gothic 𐌿𐍆𐌰𐍂 (ufar), Latin super, Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Albanian epër (“superior”), Sanskrit उपरि (upari).

Pronunciation

Adjective

over (comparative more over, superlative most over)

  1. Finished; ended or concluded.
    The show is over.

Translations

ended
through with

Adverb

over

  1. (US) Again; another time; once more; over again.
    I lost my paper and I had to do the entire assignment over.
  2. Thoroughly; completely; from beginning to end.
    Let's talk over the project at tomorrow's meeting.
    Let me think that over.
    I'm going to look over our department's expenses.
    Let's go over scene 3 from the top.
  3. From an upright position to being horizontal.
    He tipped the bottle over, and the water came gushing out.
    That building just fell over!
    He bent over to touch his toes.
  4. Horizontally; left to right or right to left.
    Slide the toilet-paper dispenser's door over when one roll is empty in order to reveal the other.
    I moved over to make room for him to sit down.
  5. From one position or state to another.
    Please pass that over to me.
    He came over to our way of thinking on the new project.
    Come over and play!
    I'll bring over a pizza.
  6. Overnight (throughout the night).
    We stayed over at Grandma's.
    Can I sleep over?

Translations

again
from upright to on its side
horizontally; from one place to another
overnight

Noun

over (plural overs)

  1. (cricket) A set of six legal balls bowled.
  2. Any surplus amount of money, goods delivered, etc.
    • 2008, G. Puttick, Sandy van Esch, The Principles and Practice of Auditing (page 609)
      ...standard cash count forms used to record the count and any overs or unders.

Preposition

over

  1. On top of; above; higher than; further up.
    Hold the sign up over your head.
    Climb up the ladder and look over [the roof].
  2. Across or spanning.
    There is a bridge over the river.
  3. In such a way as to cover.
    Drape the fabric over the table.
    There is a roof over the house.
  4. More than; to a greater degree.
    I prefer the purple over the pink.
  5. Beyond; past; exceeding; too much or too far.
    I think I’m over my limit for calories for today.
  6. (mathematics) Divided by.
    four over two equals two over one.
  7. (in certain collocations) As compared to.
    Sales are down this quarter over last.
  8. From one physical position to another via an obstacle that must be traversed vertically, first upwards and then downwards.
    The dog jumped over the fence.
    Two people approach a fence. I'll go over [the fence] first and then help you.
    Let's walk over the hill to get there.
  9. Finished with; done with; from one state to another via a hindrance that must be solved or defeated; or via a third state that represents a significant difference from the first two.
    We got over the engineering problems and the prototype works great.
    I am over my cold and feel great again.
    I know the referee made a bad call, but you have to get over it [your annoyance with the referee's decision].
    She is finally over [the distress of] losing her job.
    He is finally over his [distress over the loss of the relationship with his] ex-girlfriend.
  10. While using, especially while consuming.
    • 1990, Seymour Chatman, Coming to Terms, Cornell, ISBN 0801497361, page 100[1]:
      Six diners in business clothes—five attractive young women and a balding middle-aged man—relax over cigarettes.
    • 1998, Marian Swerdlow, Underground Woman, Temple, ISBN 1566396107, page 88 [2]:
      Sunday had been my favorite day at Woodlawn. A long W.A.A. [="work as assigned" period], having coffee and croissants with Mark over the Sunday Times.
    • 2009, Sara Pennypacker, The Great Egyptian Grave Robbery, Scholastic, ISBN 9780545207867, page 79:
      Over meatloaf and mashed potatoes (being careful not to talk with his mouth full), Stanley told about his adventure.
  11. concerning or regarding
    • The two boys had a fight over whose girlfriend was the best.
  12. This word needs a definition. Please help out and add a definition, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    It was a fine victory over their opponents.

Usage notes

When used in the context of "from one location to another", over implies that the two places are at approximately the same height or the height difference is not relevant. For example, if two offices are on the same floor of a building, an office worker might say I'll bring that over for you, while if the offices were on different floors, the sentence would likely be I'll bring that up [down] for you. However, distances are not constrained, e.g. He came over from England last year and now lives in Los Angeles or I moved the stapler over to the other side of my desk.

Translations

above
across
covering
more than
beyond, past
divided by
while using, consuming
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

Interjection

over

  1. In radio communications: end of sentence, ready to receive reply.
    How do you receive? Over!

Translations

end of sentence in radio communication

Related terms

References

  • Andrea Tyler and Vyvyan Evans, "The semantic network for over", in The Semantics of English Prepositions: Spatial Scenes, Embodied Meaning and Cognition, Cambridge University Press, 2003, 0-521-81430 8

Statistics

Anagrams

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Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch *ovar, from Proto-Germanic *uber, from Proto-Indo-European *upér, from *upo. Compare German ober, English over.

Pronunciation

Adverb

over

  1. over, above
  2. (postpositional) over (implying motion)
    Kijk uit, er steekt een hond de straat over.
    Look out, a dog is crossing over the street.
  3. remaining, left over
    Na het feest was er bijna geen eten meer over.
    After the party there was barely any food remaining.
  4. (in compounds) excessively, more than
  5. passing by, going away
    De pijn gaat weer over.
    The pain is going away again.

Antonyms

Derived terms

Preposition

over

  1. over
  2. about, concerning

Inflection

Pronominal adverbs of over
preposition over
postpositional adv. over
+ het (it) erover
+ dit (this) hierover
+ dat (that) daarover
+ wat (what) waarover
+ iets (something) ergens over
+ niets (nothing) nergens over
+ alles (everything) overal over

Derived terms

Anagrams

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Latin

Verb

over

  1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of ovō
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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch over, from Proto-Germanic *uber.

Pronunciation

  • IPA: /ˈoːvər/

Preposition

over

  1. over, above
  2. across
  3. towards
  4. during
  5. ago, some duration in the past
  6. after, following (a duration)
  7. about, concerning
  8. due to, because of

Antonyms

Adverb

over

  1. over
  2. across, on the other side
  3. plenty, more than enough
  4. used up, finished
  5. once again

Descendants

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Middle Low German

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Saxon over, from Proto-Germanic *uber, Proto-Germanic *ubiri.

Pronunciation

  • (earlier) IPA: [ɔːvɛr]̯ IPA: [œːvɛr]
  • (later) IPA: [ɒːvɛr]̯ IPA: [ɶːvɛr]

Preposition

over

  1. over, above
  2. across
  3. about, concerning

Usage notes

It is not clear whether the umlaut was connected with semantic differences.

Antonyms

Adverb

over

  1. across, on the other side
  2. over (finished, ceased)

Usage notes

It is not clear whether the umlaut was connected with semantic differences.

Descendants

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Norwegian Bokmål

Preposition

over

  1. above
  2. past
  3. over; more than

Adverb

over

  1. over
  2. across
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Norwegian Nynorsk

Preposition

over

  1. above
  2. past
  3. over; more than

Adverb

over

  1. over
  2. across
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Last modified on 20 May 2013, at 15:24