رد

See also: زد

Arabic

Etymology 1

Root
ر د د (r d d)
16 terms

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rad.da/

Verb

رَدَّ • (radda) I, non-past يَرُدُّ‎ (yaruddu)

(transitive) to return, to bring back, to put back
رَدَدْتُ ٱلْمَالَ فِي جَيْبِي.
radadtu l-māla fī jaybī.
I put the money back into my pocket.
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 62:8:
  قُلۡ إِنَّ ٱلۡمَوۡتَ ٱلَّذِي تَفِرُّونَ مِنۡهُ فَإِنَّهُۥ مُلَٰقِيكُمۡۖ ثُمَّ تُرَدُّونَ إِلَىٰ عَٰلِمِ ٱلۡغَيۡبِ وَٱلشَّهَٰدَةِ فَيُنَبِّئُكُم بِمَا كُنتُمۡ تَعۡمَلُونَ.
  "Say: 'Lo! the death from which ye shrink will surely meet you, and afterward ye will be returned unto the Knower of the Invisible and the Visible, and He will tell you what ye used to do.'"
to reply, to answer, to respond
to repel
to resist
to refuse
to reject
to restrain, to keep (someone مِن (min) something)
to refute
to dissuade
to reinstate

Conjugation

Conjugation of

رَدَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal noun رَدّ)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					رَدّ radd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					رَادّ rādd
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَرْدُود mardūd
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	رَدَدْتُ radadtu	رَدَدْتَ radadta	رَدَّ radda	رَدَدْتُمَا radadtumā	رَدَّا raddā	رَدَدْنَا radadnā	رَدَدْتُمْ radadtum	رَدُّوا raddū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	رَدَدْتُ radadtu	رَدَدْتِ radadti	رَدَّتْ raddat	رَدَدْتُمَا radadtumā	رَدَّتَا raddatā	رَدَدْنَا radadnā	رَدَدْتُنَّ radadtunna	رَدَدْنَ radadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَرُدُّ ʔaruddu	تَرُدُّ taruddu	يَرُدُّ yaruddu	تَرُدَّانِ taruddāni	يَرُدَّانِ yaruddāni	نَرُدُّ naruddu	تَرُدُّونَ taruddūna	يَرُدُّونَ yaruddūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَرُدُّ ʔaruddu	تَرُدِّينَ taruddīna	تَرُدُّ taruddu	تَرُدَّانِ taruddāni	تَرُدَّانِ taruddāni	نَرُدُّ naruddu	تَرْدُدْنَ tardudna	يَرْدُدْنَ yardudna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَرُدَّ ʔarudda	تَرُدَّ tarudda	يَرُدَّ yarudda	تَرُدَّا taruddā	يَرُدَّا yaruddā	نَرُدَّ narudda	تَرُدُّوا taruddū	يَرُدُّوا yaruddū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَرُدَّ ʔarudda	تَرُدِّي taruddī	تَرُدَّ tarudda	تَرُدَّا taruddā	تَرُدَّا taruddā	نَرُدَّ narudda	تَرْدُدْنَ tardudna	يَرْدُدْنَ yardudna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَرُدَّ or أَرُدِّ or أَرْدُدْ ʔarudda or ʔaruddi or ʔardud	تَرُدَّ or تَرُدِّ or تَرْدُدْ tarudda or taruddi or tardud	يَرُدَّ or يَرُدِّ or يَرْدُدْ yarudda or yaruddi or yardud	تَرُدَّا taruddā	يَرُدَّا yaruddā	نَرُدَّ or نَرُدِّ or نَرْدُدْ narudda or naruddi or nardud	تَرُدُّوا taruddū	يَرُدُّوا yaruddū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تَرُدِّي taruddī	تَرُدَّ or تَرُدِّ or تَرْدُدْ tarudda or taruddi or tardud	تَرُدَّا taruddā	تَرُدَّا taruddā		تَرْدُدْنَ tardudna	يَرْدُدْنَ yardudna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		رُدَّ or رُدِّ or اُرْدُدْ rudda or ruddi or urdud		رُدَّا ruddā			رُدُّوا ruddū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		رُدِّي ruddī		رُدَّا ruddā			اُرْدُدْنَ urdudna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	رُدِدْتُ rudidtu	رُدِدْتَ rudidta	رُدَّ rudda	رُدِدْتُمَا rudidtumā	رُدَّا ruddā	رُدِدْنَا rudidnā	رُدِدْتُمْ rudidtum	رُدُّوا ruddū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	رُدِدْتُ rudidtu	رُدِدْتِ rudidti	رُدَّتْ ruddat	رُدِدْتُمَا rudidtumā	رُدَّتَا ruddatā	رُدِدْنَا rudidnā	رُدِدْتُنَّ rudidtunna	رُدِدْنَ rudidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُرَدُّ ʔuraddu	تُرَدُّ turaddu	يُرَدُّ yuraddu	تُرَدَّانِ turaddāni	يُرَدَّانِ yuraddāni	نُرَدُّ nuraddu	تُرَدُّونَ turaddūna	يُرَدُّونَ yuraddūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أُرَدُّ ʔuraddu	تُرَدِّينَ turaddīna	تُرَدُّ turaddu	تُرَدَّانِ turaddāni	تُرَدَّانِ turaddāni	نُرَدُّ nuraddu	تُرْدَدْنَ turdadna	يُرْدَدْنَ yurdadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُرَدَّ ʔuradda	تُرَدَّ turadda	يُرَدَّ yuradda	تُرَدَّا turaddā	يُرَدَّا yuraddā	نُرَدَّ nuradda	تُرَدُّوا turaddū	يُرَدُّوا yuraddū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُرَدَّ ʔuradda	تُرَدِّي turaddī	تُرَدَّ turadda	تُرَدَّا turaddā	تُرَدَّا turaddā	نُرَدَّ nuradda	تُرْدَدْنَ turdadna	يُرْدَدْنَ yurdadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُرَدَّ or أُرَدِّ or أُرْدَدْ ʔuradda or ʔuraddi or ʔurdad	تُرَدَّ or تُرَدِّ or تُرْدَدْ turadda or turaddi or turdad	يُرَدَّ or يُرَدِّ or يُرْدَدْ yuradda or yuraddi or yurdad	تُرَدَّا turaddā	يُرَدَّا yuraddā	نُرَدَّ or نُرَدِّ or نُرْدَدْ nuradda or nuraddi or nurdad	تُرَدُّوا turaddū	يُرَدُّوا yuraddū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f		تُرَدِّي turaddī	تُرَدَّ or تُرَدِّ or تُرْدَدْ turadda or turaddi or turdad	تُرَدَّا turaddā	تُرَدَّا turaddā		تُرْدَدْنَ turdadna	يُرْدَدْنَ yurdadna

Descendants

→ Swahili: -rudi

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /radd/

Noun

رَدّ • (radd) m (plural رُدُود (rudūd))

verbal noun of رَدَّ (radda) (form I)
refusal
repulse
refutation
hindrance
restitution, return
reply
restoration to a former state

Declension

Declension of noun رَدّ (radd)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَدّ radd	الرَّدّ ar-radd	رَدّ radd
Nominative	رَدٌّ raddun	الرَّدُّ ar-raddu	رَدُّ raddu
Accusative	رَدًّا raddan	الرَّدَّ ar-radda	رَدَّ radda
Genitive	رَدٍّ raddin	الرَّدِّ ar-raddi	رَدِّ raddi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَدَّيْن raddayn	الرَّدَّيْن ar-raddayn	رَدَّيْ radday
Nominative	رَدَّانِ raddāni	الرَّدَّانِ ar-raddāni	رَدَّا raddā
Accusative	رَدَّيْنِ raddayni	الرَّدَّيْنِ ar-raddayni	رَدَّيْ radday
Genitive	رَدَّيْنِ raddayni	الرَّدَّيْنِ ar-raddayni	رَدَّيْ radday
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رُدُود rudūd	الرُّدُود ar-rudūd	رُدُود rudūd
Nominative	رُدُودٌ rudūdun	الرُّدُودُ ar-rudūdu	رُدُودُ rudūdu
Accusative	رُدُودًا rudūdan	الرُّدُودَ ar-rudūda	رُدُودَ rudūda
Genitive	رُدُودٍ rudūdin	الرُّدُودِ ar-rudūdi	رُدُودِ rudūdi

Descendants

→ Ottoman Turkish: رد (red)
- Turkish: ret
→ Classical Persian: رد (radd) (see there for further descendants)
→ Swahili: rada

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[1], London: W.H. Allen
Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Adjective

رَدّ • (radd)

(The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) vomiting
(The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) bad
(The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought:) worthless

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen
Wehr, Hans (1979) “رد”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rid/

Verb

رِدْ • (rid) (form I)

second-person masculine singular active imperative of وَرَدَ (warada)

Egyptian Arabic

Root
ر د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rɑdː/

Verb

رد • (radd) I (non-past يرد (yirudd))

(with على) to answer, reply (to)

Conjugation

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Conjugation of رد (form-I geminate)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	رديت (raddēt)	رديت (raddēt)	رد (radd)	ردينا (raddēna)	رديتوا (raddētu)	ردوا (raddu)
past	f	رديت (raddēt)	رديتي (raddēti)	ردت (raddit)	ردينا (raddēna)	رديتوا (raddētu)	ردوا (raddu)
present subjunctive	m	ارد (arudd)	ترد (tirudd)	يرد (yirudd)	نرد (nirudd)	تردوا (tiruddu)	يردوا (yiruddu)
present subjunctive	f	ارد (arudd)	تردي (tiruddi)	ترد (tírudd)	نرد (nirudd)	تردوا (tiruddu)	يردوا (yiruddu)
present indicative	m	برد (barudd)	بترد (bitrudd)	بيرد (biyrudd)	بنرد (binrudd)	بتردوا (bitruddu)	بيردوا (biyruddu)
present indicative	f	برد (barudd)	بتردي (bitruddi)	بترد (bitrúdd)	بنرد (binrudd)	بتردوا (bitruddu)	بيردوا (biyruddu)
future	m	حرد (ḥarudd)	حترد (ḥatrudd)	حيرد (ḥayrudd)	حنرد (ḥanrudd)	حتردوا (ḥatruddu)	حيردوا (ḥayruddu)
future	f	حرد (ḥarudd)	حتردي (ḥatruddi)	حترد (ḥatrudd)	حنرد (ḥanrudd)	حتردوا (ḥatruddu)	حيردوا (ḥayruddu)
imperative	m		رد (rudd)			ردوا (ruddu)
imperative	f		ردي (ruddi)			ردوا (ruddu)

Gojri

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Adjective

رَد (rad) (indeclinable)

refutation, rejection, cancellation

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rəd(ː)/ (base verb; noun)
IPA^(key): /rɪd(ː)/ (imperative verb)

Verb

رد • (rad(d)) I (non-past يرد (yrid(d)))

Noun

رد • (rad(d)) m (plural ردود (r(u)dūd))

a response, an answer

Verb

رد • (rid(d))

second-person masculine singular active imperative of رد (rad(d))

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ر د د
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /radː/
Audio: (file)
Audio: (file)

Verb

رد • (radd) I (non-past يرُد (yrudd) or يرَد (yradd))

to reply, to answer, to respond [with على]
to give back
(intransitive) to vomit

Conjugation

Conjugation of رد
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	ردّيت (raddīt)	ردّيتي (raddīti)	ردّ (radd)	ردّينا (raddīna)	ردّيتوا (raddītu)	ردّوا (raddu)
past	f	ردّيت (raddīt)	ردّيتي (raddīti)	ردّت (raddāt)	ردّينا (raddīna)	ردّيتوا (raddītu)	ردّوا (raddu)
non-past	m	نردّ (nrudd)	تردّ (trudd)	يردّ (yrudd)	نردّوا (nruddu)	تردّوا (truddu)	يردّوا (yruddu)
non-past	f	نردّ (nrudd)	تردّي (truddi)	تردّ (trudd)	نردّوا (nruddu)	تردّوا (truddu)	يردّوا (yruddu)
imperative	m		ردّ (rudd)			ردّوا (ruddu)
imperative	f		ردّي (ruddi)			ردّوا (ruddu)

Conjugation of رد
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	ردّيت (raddīt)	ردّيتي (raddīti)	ردّ (radd)	ردّينا (raddīna)	ردّيتوا (raddītu)	ردّوا (raddu)
past	f	ردّيت (raddīt)	ردّيتي (raddīti)	ردّت (raddāt)	ردّينا (raddīna)	ردّيتوا (raddītu)	ردّوا (raddu)
non-past	m	نردّ (nradd)	تردّ (tradd)	يردّ (yradd)	نردّوا (nraddu)	تردّوا (traddu)	يردّوا (yraddu)
non-past	f	نردّ (nradd)	تردّي (traddi)	تردّ (tradd)	نردّوا (nraddu)	تردّوا (traddu)	يردّوا (yraddu)
imperative	m		ردّ (radd)			ردّوا (raddu)
imperative	f		ردّي (raddi)			ردّوا (raddu)

Persian

Etymology 1

See (râd).

Noun

رد • (rad)

(archaic) sage (wise person)
an important person in Zoroastrianism

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

رد • (rad)

Derived terms

رد پا (radd-e pâ)

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɾað]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [räd̪]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [räd̪]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [räd̪̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɹæd̪̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɾäd̪]

Readings
Classical reading^?	raḏ
Dari reading^?	rad
Iranian reading^?	rad
Tajik reading^?	rad

Noun

رد • (radd)

rejection

Derived terms

رد کردن (radd kardan)

Descendants

→ Assamese: ৰদ (rod)
→ Azerbaijani: rədd
- → Armenian: ռադ (ṙad)
→ Middle Bengali: রদ (rod)
- Bengali: রদ (rod)
→ Dhivehi: ރައްދު (raddu)
→ Dogri: radd
Devanagari script: रद्द

Dogra script: 𑠤𑠛𑠹𑠛
→ Gojri: رَد (rad)
→ Gujarati: રદ (rad)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: रद्द (radd)

Urdu: رَدّ (radd)
→ Kannada: ರದ್ದು (raddu)
→ Maithili: rad
Devanagari script: रद

Tirhuta script: 𑒩𑒠
→ Malayalam: റദ്ദ് (ṟaddŭ)
→ Malvi: रद्द (radd)
→ Marathi: रद्द (radda)
→ Marwari:
Devanagari script: रद्द (radd)

Mahajani script: 𑅭𑅥𑅥 (rdd)
→ Nepali: रद्द (radda)
→ Odia: ରଦ୍ଦ (radda)
→ Punjabi:
Gurmukhi script: ਰੱਦ (radda)

Shahmukhi script: رَدّ (radd)
→ Sindhi:
Arabic script: رَدِ

Devanagari script: रदि

Khudawadi script: 𑋙𑋏𑋡 (radi)
→ Tamil: ரத்து (rattu)
→ Telugu: రద్దు (raddu)
→ Varhadi: रद (rad)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ر د د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic رَدَّ (radda).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /rad/, [rad]
Audio (al-Lidd): (file)

Verb

ردّ • (radd) I (present بردّ (birodd))

to reply, to respond, to answer (+ على)
بسلّم عليه و ما بردّ.
basallem ʕalēh w-mā birodd.
I greet him and he doesn't respond.

ردّ على سؤال ي، وين كنت مبارح؟
rodd ʕala suʔāli: wēn kunt mbāreḥ?
Answer my question: Where were you yesterday?

ردّ ع التلفون.
radd ʕal-telfōn.
He answered the phone.
to listen to, to follow (advice, instructions)
to obey (+ على)
الولاد لازم يردّو على أهل هم.
l-ūlād lāzem yroddu ʕala ʔahl-hom.
Children must do as they are told by their parents.
(literally, “Children must obey their parents.”)
to close
Synonym: سكّر (sakkar)

ردّ الباب بسرعة!
rodd il-bāb bsurʕa!
Close the door quickly!

Conjugation

Conjugation of ردّ (radd)
		singular			plural
		1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person	1^st person	2^nd person	3^rd person
past	m	ردّيت (raddēt)	ردّيت (raddēt)	ردّ (radd)	ردّينا (raddēna)	ردّيتو (raddētu)	ردّو (raddu)
past	f	ردّيت (raddēt)	ردّيتي (raddēti)	ردّت (raddat)	ردّينا (raddēna)	ردّيتو (raddētu)	ردّو (raddu)
present	m	بردّ (barodd)	بتردّ (bitrodd)	بردّ (birodd)	منردّ (minrodd)	بتردّو (bitroddu)	بردّو (biroddu)
present	f	بردّ (barodd)	بتردّي (bitroddi)	بتردّ (bitrodd)	منردّ (minrodd)	بتردّو (bitroddu)	بردّو (biroddu)
subjunctive	m	اردّ (arodd)	تردّ (trodd)	يردّ (yrodd)	نردّ (nrodd)	تردّو (troddu)	يردّو (yroddu)
subjunctive	f	اردّ (arodd)	تردّي (troddi)	تردّ (trodd)	نردّ (nrodd)	تردّو (troddu)	يردّو (yroddu)
imperative	m		ردّ (rodd)			ردّو (roddu)
imperative	f		ردّي (roddi)			ردّو (roddu)

Noun

رد • (radd) m (plural ردود (rudūd))

a response, an answer, a reply, a reaction

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (radd), from Arabic رَدّ (radd).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɾəd̪d̪/
Rhymes: -əd̪d̪

Adjective

رَدّ • (radd) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling रद्द)

cancelled, rejected; null and void

رد

Arabic

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Descendants

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Descendants

References

Adjective

References

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Verb

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Gojri

Etymology

Adjective

Further reading

Gulf Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Noun

Verb

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Persian

Etymology 1

Noun

Etymology 2

Noun

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

Noun

Derived terms

Descendants

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Noun

Urdu

Etymology

Pronunciation

Adjective

Further reading