牝

See also: 牡

牝 U+725D, 牝 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-725D ← 牜 [U+725C] CJK Unified Ideographs 牞 → [U+725E]

Translingual

Han character

牝 (radical 93, 牛+2, 6 strokes, cangjie input 竹手心 (HQP), four-corner 2151₀, composition ⿰牛匕)

Derived characters

• 𪊯, 𪀻(𬸋)

References

• KangXi: page 697, character 2
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19925
• Dae Jaweon: page 1109, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1800, character 4
• Unihan data for U+725D

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		牝

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 牝
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (匕) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
匕	*pilʔ
庀	*pʰelʔ
疕	*pʰelʔ, *pilʔ, *pʰrilʔ
朼	*pilʔ
牝	*bilʔ, *binʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bilʔ, *binʔ): semantic 牛 (“cattle”) + phonetic 匕 (OC *pilʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pìn (pin⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧㄣˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pan⁵, fan⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: pìn
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧㄣˋ
    • Wade–Giles: pʻin4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pinn
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pìn
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰin⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: pan⁵, fan⁵
    • Yale: páhn, fáhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pan⁵, fan⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: pen⁵, fen⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɐn¹³/, /fɐn¹³/

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• Middle Chinese: /biɪ^X/, /biɪn^X/

Rime
Character	牝	牝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	脂 (15)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	扶履切	毗忍切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/biɪX/	/biɪnX/
Pan Wuyun	/biX/	/binX/
Shao Rongfen	/bjɪX/	/bjenX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/biX/	/binX/
Li Rong	/biX/	/biĕnX/
Wang Li	/biX/	/bĭĕnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱiX/	/bʱi̯ĕnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bì	bìn

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]irʔ/, /*[b]irʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*bilʔ/, /*binʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	牝	牝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	pìn	pìn
Middle Chinese	‹ bjijX ›	‹ bjinX ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]irʔ/ (dialect: *-r > *-j)	/*[b]irʔ/
English	female of animals	female of animals
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	牝	牝
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	489	490
Phonetic component	匕	匕
Rime group	脂	眞
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	牝	牝
Old Chinese	/*bilʔ/	/*binʔ/

Definitions

牝

1. (of an animal) female

   Synonym: 雌 (cí)

   Antonym: 牡 (mǔ)

2. (obsolete) female genital
3. type of keyhole in ancient times
4. gorge

Compounds

• 父子同牝
• 牝戶／牝户
• 牝朝
• 牝牡

• 牝牡驪黃／牝牡骊黄
• 牝瘧／牝疟
• 牝雞司晨／牝鸡司晨 (pìnjīsīchén)
• 牝雞晨鳴／牝鸡晨鸣

• 牝雞無晨／牝鸡无晨
• 牝雞牡鳴／牝鸡牡鸣
• 虛牝／虚牝
• 騋牝

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02488
• “牝”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

牝

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: びん (bin)
• Kan-on: ひん (hin)
• Kun: め (me); めす (mesu)

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Korean

Hanja

牝 • (bin) (hangeul 빈, revised bin, McCune–Reischauer pin, Yale pin)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

牝: Hán Nôm readings: tẫn

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.