球
See also: 毬
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Translingual
editHan character
edit球 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 一土戈十水 (MGIJE), four-corner 13132, composition ⿰𤣩求)
Derived characters
editReferences
edit- Kangxi Dictionary: page 732, character 29
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21011
- Dae Jaweon: page 1144, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1114, character 15
- Unihan data for U+7403
Chinese
editGlyph origin
editHistorical forms of the character 球 |
---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡu) : semantic 玉 (“jade”) + phonetic 求 (OC *ɡu).
Etymology 1
editsimp. and trad. |
球 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 毬 𤥲 |
"Ball", earlier some "kind of jade". Bodman (1980) relates this to Wuming Zhuang klauA2 (“ball”), and relates 俅 (qiú, “gem-adorned”) to Tibetan གྲུ (gru, “lustre of gems”). This character had a softened initial in Proto-Min.
Originally written as 毬 (since Tang dynasty). The form 球 (since Qing dynasty) is now more common.
Pronunciation
edit- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qiu2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qiu2
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): qiou1
- Northern Min (KCR): giǔ
- Eastern Min (BUC): giù
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6jieu / 2jieu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): qiou2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cióu
- Wade–Giles: chʻiu2
- Yale: chyóu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyou
- Palladius: цю (cju)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (球兒/球儿)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cióur
- Wade–Giles: chʻiu2-ʼrh
- Yale: chyóur
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyoul
- Palladius: цюр (cjur)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: qiu2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kiu
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiəu²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: kau4
- Yale: kàuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: kau4
- Guangdong Romanization: keo4
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰɐu̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: kiu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʰiu²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qiu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiu²⁴/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiù
- Hakka Romanization System: kiuˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiu2
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯u¹¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qiou1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiəu¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: giǔ
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiu²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: giù
- Sinological IPA (key): /kieu⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: qiou2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯əu̯¹³/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: gjuw
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɡ](r)[u]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡu/
Definitions
edit球
- † fine jade
- † percussion instrument made of jade
- ball; globe; orb
- (mathematics) ball; solid sphere
- earth
- 全球 ― quánqiú ― whole world
- ball (in sports)
- ball game
- Classifier for spherical objects.
- (Teochew, Xiang) Classifier for stringed objects. string
- (dialectal Mandarin, Jin, vulgar) Expletive. Often used in the form of ……個球(…… my ass). Underlying meaning may be "testes".
- (Cantonese, colloquial) million dollars
- (Singapore, slang) testicle
- (medicine, attributive) bulbar
Synonyms
editDialectal synonyms of 球 (“ball”) [map]
Compounds
edit- 三分球 (sānfēnqiú)
- 三大球 (sāndàqiú)
- 乒乓球 (pīngpāngqiú)
- 保齡球/保龄球 (bǎolíngqiú)
- 光球 (guāngqiú)
- 內角球/内角球
- 全球 (quánqiú)
- 冰球 (bīngqiú)
- 切球
- 削球
- 北半球 (běibànqiú)
- 半球 (bànqiú)
- 半球體/半球体
- 南半球 (nánbànqiú)
- 卵囊球
- 合球
- 四壞球/四坏球
- 回力球
- 地擲球/地掷球
- 地球 (Dìqiú)
- 地球儀/地球仪 (dìqiúyí)
- 地球史
- 地球日 (Dìqiúrì)
- 地球村 (dìqiúcūn)
- 壁球 (bìqiú)
- 壘球/垒球 (lěiqiú)
- 壞球/坏球
- 外角球
- 大球
- 天球 (tiānqiú)
- 天球儀/天球仪
- 好球 (hǎoqiú)
- 好球帶/好球带 (hǎoqiúdài)
- 小球
- 巧固球 (qiǎogùqiú)
- 帶球跑/带球跑 (dàiqiúpǎo)
- 平擊球/平击球
- 平飛球/平飞球
- 彩球 (cǎiqiú)
- 手球 (shǒuqiú)
- 打假球 (dǎjiǎqiú)
- 打球 (dǎqiú)
- 扣球 (kòuqiú)
- 抄球
- 投球機/投球机
- 抽球
- 拍球 (phok-khiù)
- 抱球
- 拋繡球/抛绣球 (pāoxiùqiú)
- 持球
- 捅球
- 推球
- 排球 (páiqiú)
- 控球
- 掛球蛋/挂球蛋
- 撞球 (zhuàngqiú)
- 擊球區/击球区
- 擦棒球 (cābàngqiú)
- 旋轉球/旋转球
- 星球 (xīngqiú)
- 星球人 (xīngqiúrén)
- 晶球 (jīngqiú)
- 曲棍球 (qūgùnqiú)
- 曲球
- 月球 (Yuèqiú)
- 月球儀/月球仪
- 木球 (mùqiú)
- 東半球/东半球 (dōngbànqiú)
- 板牆球/板墙球
- 松球 (sōngqiú)
- 板球 (bǎnqiú)
- 松球魚/松球鱼
- 桌球 (zhuōqiú)
- 棒球 (bàngqiú)
- 棉球
- 棒球卡
- 棒球場/棒球场
- 棒球賽/棒球赛
- 棒球隊/棒球队
- 槌球 (chuíqiú)
- 橄欖球/橄榄球 (gǎnlǎnqiú)
- 檯球/台球 (táiqiú)
- 毽球
- 氣球/气球 (qìqiú)
- 水半球
- 水球 (shuǐqiú)
- 洗溝球/洗沟球
- 洋繡球/洋绣球
- 淋巴球 (línbāqiú)
- 混球 (húnqiú)
- 混球兒/混球儿
- 渾球/浑球 (húnqiú)
- 滾地球/滚地球
- 滾球兒/滚球儿
- 滿球數/满球数
- 火球 (huǒqiú)
- 煤球
- 熱氣球/热气球 (rèqìqiú)
- 爭球/争球
- 球僮
- 球員/球员 (qiúyuán)
- 球場/球场 (qiúchǎng)
- 球徑/球径
- 球心 (qiúxīn)
- 球房
- 球技 (qiújì)
- 球拍 (qiúpāi)
- 球杆
- 球果 (qiúguǒ)
- 球根 (qiúgēn)
- 球棒 (qiúbàng)
- 球瓶
- 球監/球监
- 球磨機/球磨机
- 球童 (qiútóng)
- 球膽/球胆 (qiúdǎn)
- 球花
- 球莖/球茎 (qiújīng)
- 球菌 (qiújūn)
- 球藝/球艺 (qiúyì)
- 球蛋白 (qiúdànbái)
- 球衣 (qiúyī)
- 球證/球证 (qiúzhèng)
- 球賽/球赛 (qiúsài)
- 球迷 (qiúmí)
- 球門/球门 (qiúmén)
- 球隊/球队 (qiúduì)
- 球面 (qiúmiàn)
- 球鞋 (qiúxié)
- 球體/球体 (qiútǐ)
- 環球/环球 (huánqiú)
- 界內球/界内球
- 界外球 (jièwàiqiú)
- 發球/发球 (fāqiú)
- 發球局/发球局
- 白血球 (báixuèqiú)
- 皮球 (píqiú)
- 盤球/盘球 (pánqiú)
- 眼球 (yǎnqiú)
- 眼球肌
- 睛球
- 睛球座
- 籃板球/篮板球 (lánbǎnqiú)
- 籃球/篮球 (lánqiú)
- 籃球場/篮球场 (lánqiúchǎng)
- 糞球/粪球
- 紅血球/红血球 (hóngxuèqiú)
- 綵球/彩球
- 網球/网球 (wǎngqiú)
- 網球肘/网球肘 (wǎngqiúzhǒu)
- 練球/练球 (liànqiú)
- 繡球/绣球 (xiùqiú)
- 繡球花/绣球花 (xiùqiúhuā)
- 罰球/罚球 (fáqiú)
- 羽毛球 (yǔmáoqiú)
- 羽球 (yǔqiú)
- 膠球/胶球 (jiāoqiú, “glueball”)
- 自由球
- 蒜球精
- 藤球 (téngqiú)
- 血球 (xuèqiú)
- 衛生球/卫生球 (wèishēngqiú)
- 西半球 (xībànqiú)
- 角球 (jiǎoqiú)
- 觸身球/触身球
- 變化球/变化球
- 賽球/赛球 (sàiqiú)
- 足球 (zúqiú)
- 足球場/足球场 (zúqiúchǎng)
- 跳球
- 踢球 (tīqiú)
- 踢皮球 (tī píqiú)
- 躲避球 (duǒbìqiú)
- 鉛球/铅球 (qiānqiú)
- 鏈球/链球 (liànqiú)
- 鏈球菌/链球菌 (liànqiújūn)
- 鐵球/铁球
- 開球/开球
- 關鍵球/关键球
- 陸半球/陆半球
- 雙球菌/双球菌
- 頭頂球/头顶球
- 風向球/风向球
- 飄浮球/飘浮球
- 飛碟球/飞碟球
- 馬球/马球 (mǎqiú)
- 高壓球/高压球
- 高球場/高球场
- 高飛球/高飞球
Descendants
editOthers
- → Zhuang: giuz
Etymology 2
editFor pronunciation and definitions of 球 – see 璆 (“beautiful jade; tinkle of jade objects”). (This character is a variant form of 璆). |
References
edit- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A02572
- “球”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
editKanji
edit球
Readings
editEtymology 1
editKanji in this term |
---|
球 |
きゅう Grade: 3 |
kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 毬/球 (gjuw, “ball, sphere, orb”).
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- sphere, globe, orb
- (baseball) pitch
- (slang, electronics) vacuum tube, valve
- 五球スーパーラジオ
- gokyū sūpā rajio
- five-tube superheterodyne receiver
- 五球スーパーラジオ
Derived terms
editEtymology 2
editKanji in this term |
---|
球 |
たま Grade: 3 |
kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
editNoun
edit- ball
- bulb (as in a light bulb)
- (slang, electronics) vacuum tube, valve
- 球のアンプ
- tama no anpu
- tube amplifier
- 球のアンプ
- (baseball) pitch
- いい球
- ii tama
- good pitch
- いい球
References
edit- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
editEtymology
edit(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation
edit- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ku]
- Phonetic hangul: [구]
Hanja
editCompounds
editVietnamese
editHan character
edit- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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