Wiktionary

密

See also: 宻
密 U+5BC6, 密
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BC6
← 寅
[U+5BC5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 寇 →
[U+5BC7]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

密 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十心竹山 (JPHU), four-corner 30773, composition ⿱宓山)

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 288, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7205
  • Dae Jaweon: page 570, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 940, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+5BC6

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 密
alternative forms
 
宻
宓
𡶇
𢛬
𧶡
宻
宓
𡶇
𢛬
𧶡
𡪖

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (必) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
泌 *mpriɡs, *priɡ, *bliɡ
秘 *mpriɡs
毖 *priɡs
閟 *priɡs
柲 *priɡs, *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ
鉍 *priɡs, *priɡ
邲 *priɡs, *bliɡ, *briɡ
覕 *pliŋs, *mbliːɡ
咇 *bliːɡ, *priɡ, *bliɡ
苾 *bliːɡ, *bliɡ
馝 *bliːɡ, *bliɡ
飶 *bliːɡ, *bliɡ
鴓 *mbliːɡ
鮅 *pliɡ, *bliɡ
必 *pliɡ
珌 *pliɡ
佖 *bliɡ, *briɡ
駜 *bliɡ, *briɡ
怭 *bliɡ
妼 *bliɡ
宓 *mriɡ, *mliɡ
樒 *mriɡ
密 *mriɡ
蔤 *mriɡ
滵 *mriɡ
蜜 *mliɡ
謐 *mliɡ
榓 *mliɡ
淧 *mliɡ
瑟 *smriɡ, *smriɡ
璱 *sriɡ
飋 *sriɡ
虙 *blɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mriɡ): phonetic 宓 (OC *mriɡ, *mliɡ) + semantic 山 (“mountain”) – hidden in the mountains, secret, intimate. Note that 宓 means “secret”, which reinforces this.

EtymologyEdit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “←→秘?”)

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • bi̍t - literary;
  • ba̍t/bā - vernacular.
Note:
  • mig8 - literary;
  • bhag8 - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 密
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 明 (4)
    Final (韻) 眞 (49)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 美畢切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/mˠiɪt̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/mᵚit̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/miet̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/mjit̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/mjĕt̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/mĭĕt̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/mi̯ĕt̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		mì
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		mat6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 密
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		mì
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ mit ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*mri[t]/
    English dense

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 密
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 591
    Phonetic
    component         		必
    Rime
    group         		質
    Rime
    subdivision         		2
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		密
    Old
    Chinese         		/*mriɡ/

    DefinitionsEdit

    密

    1. dense; thick; close
    2. intimate; close
    3. secret; confidential; concealed
    4. meticulous; fine; careful
    5. † calm; quiet; tranquil
    6. (Internet slang) to DM; to send a direct message
    7. 33rd tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "closeness" (𝌦)
    8. a surname

    CompoundsEdit

    Derived terms from 密

    DescendantsEdit

    • → Thai: มิด (mít)

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    密

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. density
    2. secrecy
    3. carefulness

    ReadingsEdit

    CompoundsEdit

    Compounds

    EtymologyEdit

    Kanji in this term
    密
    みつ
    Grade: 6
    goon

    From Middle Chinese 密 (MC mˠiɪt̚).

    First cited to a text from 1092.[1]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    密(みつ) • (mitsu) 

    1. something without breaks or openings, something dense
    2. a secret, (especially) something done secretly
      Synonym: 秘密 (himitsu)
    3. (Buddhism) the teachings of esoteric Buddhism
      Synonym: 密教 (mikkyō)

    AdjectiveEdit

    密(みつ) • (mitsu) -na (adnominal 密(みつ)な (mitsu na), adverbial 密(みつ)に (mitsu ni))

    1. dense, without breaks or openings
    2. meticulous, carefully done, scrupulous
      密(みつ)な計(けい)画(かく)
      mitsu na keikaku
      a meticulous schedule
    3. (of relations among people) close, familiar, intimate
      Synonym: 深い (fukai)
      密(みつ)な間(あいだ)柄(がら)
      mitsu na aidagara
      familiar terms, intimate relations

    InflectionEdit

    Inflection of 密
    Stem forms
    Imperfective (未然形) 密だろ みつだろ mitsu daro
    Continuative (連用形) 密で みつで mitsu de
    Terminal (終止形) 密だ みつだ mitsu da
    Attributive (連体形) 密な みつな mitsu na
    Hypothetical (仮定形) 密なら みつなら mitsu nara
    Imperative (命令形) 密であれ みつであれ mitsu de are
    Key constructions
    Informal negative 密ではない
    密じゃない         		みつではない
    みつじゃない         		mitsu de wa nai
    mitsu ja nai
    Informal past 密だった みつだった mitsu datta
    Informal negative past 密ではなかった
    密じゃなかった         		みつではなかった
    みつじゃなかった         		mitsu de wa nakatta
    mitsu ja nakatta
    Formal 密です みつです mitsu desu
    Formal negative 密ではありません
    密じゃありません         		みつではありません
    みつじゃありません         		mitsu de wa arimasen
    mitsu ja arimasen
    Formal past 密でした みつでした mitsu deshita
    Formal negative past 密ではありませんでした
    密じゃありませんでした         		みつではありませんでした
    みつじゃありませんでした         		mitsu de wa arimasen deshita
    mitsu ja arimasen deshita
    Conjunctive 密で みつで mitsu de
    Conditional 密なら（ば） みつなら（ば） mitsu nara (ba)
    Provisional 密だったら みつだったら mitsu dattara
    Volitional 密だろう みつだろう mitsu darō
    Adverbial 密に みつに mitsu ni
    Degree 密さ みつさ mitsusa

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ^ 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
    2. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    密 (eumhun 빽빽할 밀 (ppaekppaekhal mil))

    1. Hanja form? of 밀 (“dense”).

    CompoundsEdit

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    密: Hán Nôm readings: mật, mất

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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