See also: , , and
U+771F, 真
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-771F

[U+771E]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+7720]
真 U+2F946, 真
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F946
眞
[U+2F945]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 真
[U+2F947]

真 U+2F947, 真
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F947
真
[U+2F946]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 睊
[U+2F948]

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order
 
Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean

Alternative formsEdit

In simplified and traditional Chinese, the component is connected to the horizontal line below it (as seen in the Kangxi dictionary) whereas, in Japanese and Korean, is separate from that line.

Han characterEdit

(Kangxi radical 109, +5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十月一金 (JBMC), four-corner 40801, composition )

Usage notesEdit

The Kangxi dictionary considers as an unorthodox form (俗字) of . However, the traditional Kangxi form with on top is rarely used nowadays. In modern times, is considered the orthodox form in all regions except South Korea.

Derived charactersEdit

Related charactersEdit

  • (Original form of )

Further readingEdit

  • KangXi: page 805, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23236
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1221, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 249, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+771F

ChineseEdit

trad. /
simp.
2nd round simp. 𰅴
alternative forms

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 

Ideogrammic compound (會意): (spoon, fork) + (ancient food vessel) – using a fork to fetch food from a cauldron. Alternatively, an ancient variant of (OC *teŋ, “divination”).

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan; cognate with Tibetan བདེན (bden, true; truth). Possibly connected with (OC *teŋ) (Schuessler, 2007).

PronunciationEdit


Note: zêng1 - Jieyang, Pontianak.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (23)
Final () (43)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter tsyin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕiɪn/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕin/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕjen/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cin/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕiĕn/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕĭĕn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhēn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
zan1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhēn
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyin ›
Old
Chinese
/*ti[n]/
English true, real

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 17068
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ʔljin/
Notes

DefinitionsEdit

  1. true; genuine; real; actual
    鑽石項鏈 [MSC, trad.]
    钻石项链 [MSC, simp.]
    Nà bù shì zhēn zuànshí xiàngliàn, shì jiǎ de! [Pinyin]
    That's not a real diamond necklace, it's just a fake!
    那些鑽石還是贗品 [MSC, trad.]
    那些钻石还是赝品 [MSC, simp.]
    Nàxiē shì zhēn zuànshí háishì yànpǐn? [Pinyin]
    Are those real diamonds or only shams?
  2. clear; distinct; sharp
  3. really; truly; very; quite
    今天今天  ―  Jīntiān zhēn rè.  ―  It's so hot today.
    演員了不起 [MSC, trad.]
    演员了不起 [MSC, simp.]
    nà xiē yǎnyuán zhēn liǎobuqǐ [Pinyin]
    Those actors are really great.
      ―  Zhēn de ma?  ―  Really?
  4. portrait; image
  5. natural disposition
  6. (Chinese calligraphy) Short for 真書真书 (zhēnshū, “regular script”).
  7. () (telegraphy) the eleventh day of a month

SynonymsEdit

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic ():
  • Japanese: (しん) (shin)
  • Korean: 진(眞) (jin)
  • Vietnamese: chân ()

Others:

CompoundsEdit

Further readingEdit

JapaneseEdit

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

KanjiEdit

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanjishinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form )

ReadingsEdit

CompoundsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
しん
Grade: 3
on’yomi
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese (MC t͡ɕiɪn).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

(しん) (shin

  1. truth, reality
Derived termsEdit
IdiomsEdit

AffixEdit

(しん) (shin

  1. truth, reality, genuineness
  2. natural, pristine
  3. complete, wholly
  4. regular script (楷書, kaisho)
  5. (logic) a true statement
    Antonym: (gi)
Derived termsEdit

Proper nounEdit

(しん) (Shin

  1. a surname
  2. a female given name

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)
For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
H
[noun] [from 712] : the truth, reality, genuineness
[prefix] [from 720] : real, genuine
[prefix] [from 759] : pure, unadulterated
[prefix] [from 1595] : definitely, certainly, exactly, precisely, directly
[prefix] [date unknown] : true, real, main (appended to words for animals or plants to indicate the representative type)
[prefix] [from 759] : (archaic, possibly obsolete, honorific) great, excellent
(This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
まこと
Grade: 3
kun’yomi
Alternative spellings
(kyūjitai)

Compound of (ma-, true, see above) +‎ , (koto, thing, word).[1]

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

(まこと) (makoto

  1. truth, reality, genuineness

AdverbEdit

(まこと) (makoto

  1. absolutely, really
Derived termsEdit

InterjectionEdit

(まこと) (makoto

  1. used for recalling information previously forgotten or sudden change of subjects: that's right
Derived termsEdit

Proper nounEdit

(まこと) (Makoto

  1. a male or female given name

Etymology 4Edit

Kanji in this term
Grade: 3
nanori
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From classical adjective 厚し (atsushi), modern 厚い (atsui, thick, heavy; kind, warm).

Proper nounEdit

(あつし) (Atsushi

  1. a male given name

Etymology 5Edit

Kanji in this term
Grade: 3
nanori
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From classical adjective 正し (tadashi), modern 正しい (tadashii, correct, right, true).

Proper nounEdit

(ただし) (Tadashi

  1. a male given name

Etymology 6Edit

Kanji in this term
Grade: 3
nanori
Alternative spelling
(kyūjitai)

From classical adjective 正し (masashi, accurate, authentic, correct).

Proper nounEdit

(まさし) (Masashi

  1. a male given name

ReferencesEdit

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

(eumhun (cham jin))

  1. Alternative form of

ReferencesEdit

  • Zonmal.com Hanja Dictionary (존말닷컴 한자사전/漢字辭典) (2002-2005). [1]

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

: Hán Nôm readings: chân, chan, chang, sân

  1. chữ Hán form of chân (truth).

CompoundsEdit