焗

焗 U+7117, 焗 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7117 ← 焖 [U+7116] CJK Unified Ideographs 焘 → [U+7118]

Translingual

Han character

焗 (Kangxi radical 86, 火+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 火尸尸口 (FSSR), four-corner 9782₇, composition ⿰火局)

References

• KangXi: not present, would follow page 673, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2206, character 6
• Unihan data for U+7117

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Chinese

trad.		焗
simp. #		焗
alternative forms		焅 鋦／锔

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲): semantic 火 (“fire”) + phonetic 局 (OC *ɡoɡ).

Etymology

First attested as 局 in 《廣東省土話字彙》 [1828] and as 焗 in 《粵語全書》 [1905] (Zhang and Li, 2017).

Possible origins include:

1. From 酷 (MC kʰuok̚, “to be cooked”) (Chen Botao, 《東莞縣志》), based on an entry in Fangyan:

   胹、飪、亨、爛、糦、酋、酷，熟也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]

   ---

   胹、饪、亨、烂、糦、酋、酷，熟也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

   From: Yang Xiong, Fangyan, c. 1^st century BCE

   Ér, rèn, pēng, làn, xī, qiú, kù, shú yě. [Pinyin]

   Er, ren, peng, lan, xi, qiu, ku: to be cooked.

2. From 焅 (MC kʰuok̚, “dry, hot air”) (Chan, 1995).
3. From 熇 (MC huk̚, huok̚, hɑk̚, “hot; blazing”) (Zhan and Qiu, 2003).
4. From English cook (Zhang and Li, 2017).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): jú (ju²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): guk⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): guuk⁵

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kiuk

  (Meixian, Guangdong): gug⁵

• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): ke̍k / kia̍k / kio̍k / ko̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gog⁸

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: jú
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyú
    • Wade–Giles: chü²
    • Yale: jyú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyu
    • Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: guk⁶
    • Yale: guhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: guuk⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɵk̚³²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: giug`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯uk̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: gug⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kʊk̚¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ke̍k
    • Tâi-lô: ki̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kek
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪk̚⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kia̍k
    • Tâi-lô: kia̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiak
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kiak̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kio̍k
    • Tâi-lô: kio̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kiok
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɔk̚¹²¹/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ko̍k
    • Tâi-lô: ko̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kok
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kɔk̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: gog⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ko̍k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kok̚⁴/

Definitions

焗

1. (Cantonese) stuffy

   間房又冇開窗，又冇開風扇，真係好焗啊。 [Cantonese, trad.]
   间房又冇开窗，又冇开风扇，真系好焗啊。 [Cantonese, simp.]

   gaan¹ fong^4-2 jau⁶ mou⁵ hoi¹ coeng¹, jau⁶ mou⁵ hoi¹ fung¹ sin³, zan¹ hai⁶ hou² guk⁶ aa³. [Jyutping]

   The windows are not open and the fan is not on, so it's really stuffy in the room.

2. (chiefly Cantonese, cooking) to wrap food in gauze, tin foil, or paper and cook in salt or sand in a sealed pot
3. (Cantonese, Hakka, cooking) to bake

   焗蛋糕 [Cantonese]  ―  guk⁶ daan⁶ gou¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to bake a cake

4. (Cantonese) to steep

   焗茶 [Cantonese]  ―  guk⁶ caa⁴ [Jyutping]  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)

5. (Cantonese) to be pressured (into doing)

   焗住用iPhone [Cantonese]  ―  guk⁶ zyu⁶ jung⁶ aai¹ fung¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to be pressured into using iPhones

Compounds

• 焗坊
• 焗暑
• 焗汗
• 焗油 (júyóu)

• 焗盅
• 焗雨
• 焗傷風／焗伤风
• 焗嚫／焗𰈍

• 焗爐／焗炉
• 焗腳／焗脚
• 鹽焗雞／盐焗鸡 (yánjújī)