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開

See also: 开

Contents

TranslingualEdit

EtymologyEdit

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 門 ‎(“door”) + 开 – a pair of hands opening a door: the door is open.

Han characterEdit

開 (radical 169 門+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日弓一廿 (ANMT), four-corner 77441, composition ⿵門开)

  1. to open
  2. initiate, begin, start

SynonymsEdit

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1331, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41233
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1835, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4286, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+958B

ChineseEdit

trad. 開
simp. 开

Alternative formsEdit

  • (Singapore simplified, obsolete) 𫔭

PronunciationEdit

Rime
Character 開
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 苦哀切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰʌi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰəi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰəj/
Li
Rong		 /kʰᴀi/
Wang
Li		 /kʰɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 kāi
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 開 開
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 kāi kāi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ khoj › ‹ khoj ›
Old
Chinese		 /*Nə-[k]ʰˤəj/ /*[k]ʰˤəj/
English to open (v.i.) to open (v.t.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 開
Reading # 1/1
No. 7348
Phonetic
component		 開
Rime
group		 微
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 開
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰɯːl/

Etymology 1Edit

VerbEdit

開

  1. to open
    我不能開這個門。 / 我不能开这个门。  ―  Wǒ bù néng kāi zhè ge mén.  ―  I can't open the door.
    商店開到八點。 / 商店开到八点。  ―  Shāngdiàn kāi dào bādiǎn.  ―  The shop opens till eight o'clock.
    開間燒臘舖 / 开间烧腊铺 [Cantonese]  ―  hoi1 gaan1 siu1 laap6 pou3-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to open a roasted meats shop
  2. to start, to turn on, to switch on
    開電燈 / 开电灯  ―  kāi diàndēng  ―  to switch the light on
    開電腦 / 开电脑  ―  kāi diànnǎo  ―  to turn on the computer
  3. to begin, to start
  4. to boil
  5. to write out (a prescription, check, invoice)
    開支票 / 开支票  ―  kāi zhīpiào  ―  to write a check
    我們開了一張學生必讀書單。 [MSC, trad.]
    我们开了一张学生必读书单。 [MSC, simp.]
    Wǒmen kāi le yī zhāng xuéshēng bì dú shū dān. [Pinyin]
    We made a list of books which students ought to read.
  6. to book (a hotel room)
  7. to operate, to drive (a vehicle)
    開車 / 开车  ―  kāichē  ―  to drive a car

AntonymsEdit

  • (to open, to turn on): 關／关 (guān)

SuffixEdit

開

  1. Abstract meaning of "apart", "spread", "not close together".
    散開 / 散开  ―  sànkāi  ―  to separate and strew; to scatter; to disperse
    走開 / 走开  ―  zǒukāi  ―  to move out of the way
    坐開 / 坐开 [Cantonese]  ―  co5 hoi1 [Jyutping]  ―  to sit farther away from
AntonymsEdit
  • (abstract: apart): (Cantonese) 埋 (mái)

Etymology 2Edit

Abbreviation of 開爾文／开尔文 (“kelvin”), from English kelvin.

NounEdit

開

  1. degrees Kelvin

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

ReferencesEdit

JapaneseEdit

Ryakuji for 開, based on ryakuji for 門; compare also 間 and 𫔭.

KanjiEdit

開

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. open

ReadingsEdit

AntonymsEdit

  • (to open): 閉

Derived termsEdit

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

開 • ‎(gae) (hangeul 개, revised gae, McCune-Reischauer kae, Yale kay)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

開 (khai, khơi, khui)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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Last edited on 6 June 2016, at 04:34