開
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TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
開 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 日弓一廿 (ANMT), four-corner 77441, composition ⿵門开(U+958B) or ⿵門幵(U+2F9EE))
Derived charactersEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 1331, character 5
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41233
- Dae Jaweon: page 1835, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4286, character 2
- Unihan data for U+958B
ChineseEdit
Glyph originEdit
Historical forms of the character 開 | |||
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Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |
Qin slip script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意): 門 (“door”) + 一 (“latch”) + 廾 (“a pair of hands”) — a pair of hands opening a latched door. 一 and 廾 are combined into 开 since the seal script.
Etymology 1Edit
trad. | 開 | |
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simp. | 开* | |
alternative forms | 𫔭 obsolete Singapore simp. 𨵑 |
According to STEDT, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s-k(w)a-j (“mouth; opening; spread; door; face; jaw”). Cognate with 戶 (OC *ɡʷaːʔ, “door”), Tibetan ཁ (kha, “mouth”), Tibetan སྒོ (sgo, “door”).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
開
- to open; to unlatch; to unfasten
- to start; to turn on; to switch on
- to make an opening; to open up
- to open out
- (of a frozen river) to thaw
- to begin; to start
- to start; to set up; to open
- to remove (a ban or restriction)
- to boil (bubble and turn to vapour)
- to write out (a prescription, check, invoice, etc.)
- to book (a hotel room)
- to operate/run a business
- 係做木匠、在前開過一間細木舖、後來亦關唨咯、而家靜靠同人做工夫嚟過日子、 [Cantonese, trad.]
- From: 粵音指南·上卷, 卷之一 應對須知
- hai6 zou6 muk6 zoeng6-2, zoi6 cin4 hoi1 gwo3 jat1 gaan1 sai3 muk6 pou3-2, hau6 loi4 jik6 gwaan1 zo2 lo3, ji4 gaa1 zing6 kaau3 tung4 jan4 zou6 gung1 fu1 lai4 gwo3 jat6 zi2, [Jyutping]
- He used to work as a woodworker; he had operated a small wood shop, and later closed it as well; currently he only relies on working for other people to make a living.
系做木匠、在前开过一间细木铺、后来亦关唨咯、而家静靠同人做工夫嚟过日子、 [Cantonese, simp.]- 1905, T. B. Adam, An English-Chinese dictionary of the Foochow dialect
- Apothecary, kŭi iŏh dáing gì nè̤ng.
- to hold (a meeting, exhibition, etc.)
- to pay
- to operate; to drive (a vehicle)
- apart; away
- (informal) Short for 開除/开除 (kāichú, “to fire; to sack; to discharge; to dismiss”).
- (Cantonese) Habitual aspect particle.
- (physics) Short for 開爾文/开尔文 (kāi'ěrwén, “kelvin”).
- (Chinese phonetics) Short for 開口/开口 (kāikǒu, “open-mouthed”).
- A surname.
SynonymsEdit
AntonymsEdit
CompoundsEdit
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DescendantsEdit
Others:
Etymology 2Edit
trad. | 開 | |
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simp. | 开* | |
alternative forms | 𫔭 obsolete Singapore simp. K |
Borrowed from English K (“karat”).
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
開
- karat (measure of gold purity)
CompoundsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
trad. | 開 | |
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simp. | 开* | |
alternative forms | 嗨 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
開
SynonymsEdit
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: かい (kai, Jōyō); け (ke)
- Kan-on: かい (kai, Jōyō)
- Kun: ひらく (hiraku, 開く, Jōyō); ひらける (hirakeru, 開ける, Jōyō); あける (akeru, 開ける, Jōyō); あく (aku, 開く, Jōyō)
- Nanori: さく (saku); はる (haru); はるき (haruki); ひら (hira); ひらかす (hirakasu); ひらき (hiraki); ひらく (hiraku)
AntonymsEdit
- (to open): 閉
Derived termsEdit
EtymologyEdit
Kanji in this term |
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開 |
かい Grade: 3 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 開 (MC kʰʌi).
PronunciationEdit
AffixEdit
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 開 (MC kʰʌi). Recorded as Middle Korean ᄀᆡ (koy) (Yale: koy) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
HanjaEdit
CompoundsEdit
- 개폐 (開閉, gaepye)
- 개강 (開講, gaegang)
- 개관 (開館, gaegwan)
- 개교 (開校, gaegyo)
- 개국 (開國, gaeguk)
- 개막 (開幕, gaemak)
- 개발 (開發, gaebal)
- 개방 (開放, gaebang)
- 개봉 (開封, gaebong)
- 개설 (開設, gaeseol)
- 개성 (開城, Gaeseong)
- 개시 (開始, gaesi)
- 개업 (開業, gaeeop)
- 개척 (開拓, gaecheok)
- 개최 (開催, gaechoe)
- 개표 (開票, gaepyo)
- 개학 (開學, gaehak)
- 개항 (開港, gaehang)
- 개회 (開會, gaehoe)
- 공개 (公開, gonggae)
- 전개 (展開, jeon'gae)
- 절개 (切開, jeolgae)
- 타개 (打開, tagae)
- 재개 (再開, jaegae)
- 개통 (開通, gaetong)
- 개화 (開化, gaehwa)
- 개학 (開學, gaehak)
- 개장 (開場, gaejang)
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
開: Hán Việt readings: khai[1][2][3][4]
開: Nôm readings: khơi[5], khui[5]
- (literary) chữ Hán form of khai (“to open, to start, to begin”).
- Nôm form of khui (“to open, to pry open”).