Wiktionary

雁

See also: 鳫 and 䧹
雁 U+96C1, 雁
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96C1
← 雀
[U+96C0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 雂 →
[U+96C2]

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

雁 (Kangxi radical 172, 隹+4, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一人人土 (MOOG), four-corner 71214, composition ⿸厂倠)

Derived charactersEdit

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 1364, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41960
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1868, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4093, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+96C1

ChineseEdit

trad. 雁/鴈
simp. 雁
alternative forms 鳫
 
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph originEdit

Characters in the same phonetic series (雁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
雁 *ŋraːns
鳫 *ŋraːns
鴈 *ŋraːns
贗 *ŋraːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋraːns): phonetic 厂 (OC *hŋaːnʔ, *hŋaːns) + semantic 人 + semantic 隹.

EtymologyEdit

Either from 鵝 (OC *ŋaːl) with nominalizing suffix *-n; or both 鵝 (OC *ŋaːl) and 雁 (OC *ŋraːns) reflect an earlier liquid final *-l or *-r (Schuessler, 2007).

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ŋa-n (“goose”), cognate with Tibetan ངང་པ (ngang pa), Burmese ငန်း (ngan:).

On resonants' correspondence among Burmese, Tibetan and Chinese, see Hill (2014).

PronunciationEdit

Note:
  • 3nge - vernacular;
  • 2i - literary.
  • Xiang
    • Note: ngai5 - only in 雁鵝.
    Rime
    Character 雁
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
    Final (韻) 刪 (69)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 五晏切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/ŋˠanH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ŋᵚanH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ŋɐnH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ŋaɨnH/
    Li
    Rong         		/ŋanH/
    Wang
    Li         		/ŋanH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ŋanH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		yàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		ngaan6
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 雁
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		yàn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ ngænH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*C.[ŋ]ˁrar-s/
    English wild goose

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 雁
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 14436
    Phonetic
    component         		雁
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		鴈
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ŋraːns/
    Notes 說文廠聲

    DefinitionsEdit

    雁

    1. wild goose (as opposed to a domesticated goose – 鵝／鹅 (é))
    2. † Synonym of 鵝／鹅 (é).
    3. † Alternative form of 贗／赝 (yàn, “fake; false”).

    SynonymsEdit

    Dialectal synonyms of 大雁 (“swan goose”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 鴻雁, 鴻
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 大雁, 鴻雁
    Mandarin Harbin 大雁
    Yantai (Muping) 老雁
    Jinan 大雁, 雁
    Luoyang 大雁, 雁
    Wanrong 雁
    Xi'an 大雁
    Yinchuan 雁
    Xining 咕嚕雁, 雁兒
    Ürümqi 大雁
    Wuhan 雁
    Chengdu 大雁, 雁鵝
    Guiyang 雁鵝
    Guilin 大雁
    Liuzhou 大雁
    Xuzhou 大雁
    Yangzhou 大雁
    Nanjing 雁子, 大雁子
    Mae Salong (Lancang) 大雁
    Mae Sai (Tengchong) 大雁
    Cantonese Dongguan 雁鵝, 雁
    Beihai 雁
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 大雁
    Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 大雁
    Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 雁
    Móng Cái 雁鵝
    Gan Nanchang 雁鵝
    Lichuan 雁
    Pingxiang 雁鵝
    Hakka Meixian 雁鵝
    Yudu 雁鵝
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 雁
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 雁
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 雁
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 雁
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 雁
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 雁
    Huizhou Jixi 雁
    Jin Taiyuan 大雁
    Xinzhou 雁兒
    Min Dong Fuzhou 雁
    Min Nan Leizhou 雁鳥, 鵠鶴
    Haikou 雁鳥
    Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 雁
    Wu Shanghai 大雁, 雁鵝
    Danyang 雁
    Hangzhou 雁鵝
    Ningbo 雁鵝
    Zhoushan 雁鵝
    Xiang Changsha 雁子, 雁鵝
    Loudi 雁, 雁阿

    CompoundsEdit

    DescendantsEdit

    Sino-Xenic (雁):
    • → Japanese: 雁(がん) (gan)
    • → Vietnamese: nhạn (雁)

    Others:

    ReferencesEdit

    JapaneseEdit

    KanjiEdit

    雁

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    1. wild goose

    ReadingsEdit

    • Go-on: げん (gen)
    • Kan-on: がん (gan)
    • Kun: かり (kari, 雁)
     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja

    Etymology 1Edit

    Kanji in this term
    雁
    がん
    Jinmeiyō
    on’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    鴈

    From Middle Chinese 雁 (ngænH, “wild goose”).

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    雁(がん) • (gan) 

    1. wild goose
    Usage notesEdit
    • As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary).
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 2Edit

    Kanji in this term
    雁
    かり
    Jinmeiyō
    kun’yomi

    Said to be from the cry of a wild goose.[1]

    PronunciationEdit

    NounEdit

    雁(かり) • (kari) 

    1. wild goose
    2. cry of a wild goose
    Derived termsEdit
    Derived terms
    • 雁首(かりくび) (karikubi) goose's neck, something resembling a goose's neck; corona (circumference of the base of the glans penis in human males)

    ReferencesEdit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    KoreanEdit

    HanjaEdit

    雁, eumhun 기러기 안 (gireogi an)

    1. wild goose, whose skein flies in wedge or cuneiform, in contrast with 鵝 (거위 아, geowi-a), the domestic goose that would not fly at all.

    CompoundsEdit

    • 家雁 (가안, ga-an) domestic goose, literally, house goose.

    See alsoEdit

    VietnameseEdit

    Han characterEdit

    雁: Hán Nôm readings: nhạn

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=雁&oldid=72054825"