Wiktionary

개

See also: -개
개 U+AC1C, 개
HANGUL SYLLABLE GAE
Composition:ㄱ + ㅐ
← 갛
[U+AC1B] 		Hangul Syllables 객 →
[U+AC1D]
개객갞갟갠갡갢
갣갤갥갦갧갨갩
갪갫갬갭갮갯갰
갱갲갳갴갵갶갷
가 ←→ 갸

KoreanEdit

Etymology 1Edit

First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 家稀.

In the Hangul script, first attested in the Worin cheon'gangjigok (月印千江之曲 / 월인천강지곡), 1449, as Middle Korean 가히〮 (Yale: kàhí), and subsequently recorded as 개〯 (Yale: kǎy) in the 16th century, after the h had dropped.[1]

The prefix derives from the noun. Compare English bitch.

 
개
A dog

PronunciationEdit

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kɛ(ː)] ~ [ke̞(ː)]
    • (file)
  • Phonetic hangul: [개(ː)/게(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gae
McCune–Reischauer?kae
Yale Romanization?kāy
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 개의 / 개에 / 개까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

NounEdit

개 • (gae) (counter 마리)

  1. dog
  2. (figuratively, derogatory) someone behaves badly
    걔는 술 취하면 개가 돼. (colloquial)
    Gyae-neun sul chwiha-myeon gae-ga dwae.
    He becomes a total wreck when he's drunk [e.g. throwing up, rambling annoyingly, etc.]
  3. (figuratively) someone who does the bidding of another
Usage notesEdit
  • Some younger speakers prefer 강아지 (gang'aji, “puppy”) to refer to dogs of any age, to avoid the vulgar connotations of the prefix.
Derived termsEdit
Related termsEdit
See alsoEdit

PrefixEdit

개— • (gae-)

  1. (vulgar, slang) fucking (as an intensifier)
    진짜 개좋다.
    Jinjja gaejota.
    It's fucking good.
    진짜 개쩐다!
    Jinjja gaejjeonda!
    It's fucking amazing!
  2. wild; worthless; of inferior quality
Usage notesEdit

The prefix traditionally has a disparaging meaning only, but in modern slang it is used as a general vulgar intensifier regardless of the semantics involved.

Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 2Edit

First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 개〮 (Yale: káy).

PronunciationEdit

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gae
McCune–Reischauer?kae
Yale Romanization?kay

NounEdit

개 • (gae)

  1. inlet; estuary
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
See alsoEdit

Etymology 3Edit

Sino-Korean word from 個.

PronunciationEdit

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gae
McCune–Reischauer?kae
Yale Romanization?kay

CounterEdit

개 • (gae) (hanja 個/箇/介)

  1. general counter for objects: item, piece, article
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 4Edit

See the main entries.

VerbEdit

개 • (gae)

  1. An infinitive form of 개다 (gaeda, “to clear”)
  2. An infinitive form of 개다 (gaeda, “to fold”)
  3. An infinitive form of 개다 (gaeda, “to knead”)

Etymology 5Edit

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

SyllableEdit

개 (gae)

Extended content
  1. 改:
    (MC reading: 改 (MC kʌiX))
  2. 皆:
    (MC reading: 皆 (MC kˠɛi))
  3. 個:
    (MC reading: 個 (MC kɑH))
  4. 開:
    (MC reading: 開 (MC kʰʌi))
  5. 介:
    (MC reading: 介 (MC kˠɛiH))
  6. 慨:
    (MC reading: 慨 (MC kʰʌiH))
  7. 槪:
    (MC reading: 槪)
  8. 蓋:
    (MC reading: 蓋 (MC kɑiH))
  9. 价:
    (MC reading: 价 (MC kˠɛiH))
  10. 凱:
    (MC reading: 凱 (MC kʰʌiX))
  11. 愷:
    (MC reading: 愷 (MC kʰʌiX))
  12. 漑:
    (MC reading: 漑 (MC kʌiH))
  13. 塏:
    (MC reading: 塏 (MC kʰʌiX))
  14. 愾:
    (MC reading: 愾 (MC kʰʌiH))
  15. 疥:
    (MC reading: 疥 (MC kˠɛiH))
  16. 芥:
    (MC reading: 芥 (MC kˠɛiH))
  17. 豈:
    (MC reading: 豈 (MC kʰɨiX))
  18. 鎧:
    (MC reading: 鎧 (MC kʰʌiX, kʰʌiH))
  19. 玠:
    (MC reading: 玠 (MC kˠɛiH))
  20. 剴:
    (MC reading: 剴 (MC kʌi))
  21. 匃:
    (MC reading: 匃 (MC kɑiH))
  22. 揩:
    (MC reading: 揩 (MC kʰˠɛi, kʰˠɛiH))
  23. 槩:
    (MC reading: 槩 (MC kʌiH))
  24. 磕:
    (MC reading: 磕 (MC kʰɑiH))
  25. 闓:
    (MC reading: 闓 (MC kʰʌiX, kʰʌiH))
  26. 丐:
    (MC reading: 丐 (MC kɑiH))
  27. 箇: Alternative form of 個
  28. 个: Alternative form of 個
  29. 盖: Alternative form of 蓋

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ Lee, Ki-Moon; Ramsey, S. Robert (2011) A History of the Korean Language, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 163–164

Middle KoreanEdit

Etymology 1Edit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

개〮 (káy) (locative 개〮예〮 (káy-yéy))

  1. inlet; estuary
DescendantsEdit
  • Korean: 개 (gae)

Etymology 2Edit

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

개〯 (kǎy) (locative 개〯예〮 (kǎy-yéy))

  1. Alternative form of 가히〮 (kàhí, “dog”)
DescendantsEdit
  • Korean: 개 (gae)
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