Wiktionary

개

See also: -개
개 U+AC1C, 개
HANGUL SYLLABLE GAE
Composition:ㄱ + ㅐ
← 갛
[U+AC1B] 		Hangul Syllables 객 →
[U+AC1D]
개객갞갟갠갡갢
갣갤갥갦갧갨갩
갪갫갬갭갮갯갰
갱갲갳갴갵갶갷
가 ←→ 갸

Jeju edit

Pronunciation edit

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gae
Yale Romanization?kay

Etymology 1 edit

Inherited from Middle Korean 가히〮 (kàhí), from Old Korean 犬伊 (*KAhi).

Noun edit

개 (gae)

  1. dog

Etymology 2 edit

From Middle Korean 개〮 (káy).

Noun edit

개 (gae)

  1. inlet, estuary

Korean edit

Etymology 1 edit

First attested in the Jīlín lèishì (鷄林類事 / 계림유사), 1103, as Late Old Korean 家稀. From Old Korean 犬伊 (*KAhi).

In the Hangul script, first attested in the Worin cheon'gangjigok (月印千江之曲 / 월인천강지곡), 1449, as Middle Korean 가히〮 (Yale: kàhí), and subsequently recorded as 개〯 (Yale: kǎy) in the 16th century, after the h had dropped.[1]

The prefix derives from the noun. Compare English bitch.

 
개
A dog

Pronunciation edit

  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kɛ(ː)] ~ [ke̞(ː)]
    • (file)
  • Phonetic hangul: [개(ː)/게(ː)]
    • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gae
McCune–Reischauer?kae
Yale Romanization?kāy
  • South Gyeongsang (Busan) pitch accent: 개의 / 개에 / 개까지

    Syllables in red take high pitch. This word always takes low pitch, and heightens the pitch of two subsequent suffixed syllables.

Noun edit

개 • (gae) (counter 마리)

  1. dog
  2. (figuratively, derogatory) someone behaves badly
    걔는 술 취하면 개가 돼. (colloquial)
    Gyae-neun sul chwiha-myeon gae-ga dwae.
    He becomes a total wreck when he's drunk [e.g. throwing up, rambling annoyingly, etc.]
  3. (figuratively) someone who does the bidding of another
Usage notes edit
  • Some younger speakers prefer 강아지 (gang'aji, “puppy”) to refer to dogs of any age, to avoid the vulgar connotations of the prefix.
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
See also edit

Prefix edit

개— • (gae-)

  1. (vulgar, slang) fucking (as an intensifier)
    진짜 개좋다.
    Jinjja gaejota.
    It's fucking good.
    진짜 개쩐다!
    Jinjja gaejjeonda!
    It's fucking amazing!
  2. wild; worthless; of inferior quality
Usage notes edit

The prefix traditionally has a disparaging meaning only, but in modern slang it is used as a general vulgar intensifier regardless of the semantics involved.

Derived terms edit
Derived terms

Etymology 2 edit

First attested in the Bullyu dugongbu si eonhae (分類杜工部詩諺解 / 분류두공부시언해), 1481, as Middle Korean 개〮 (Yale: káy).

Pronunciation edit

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gae
McCune–Reischauer?kae
Yale Romanization?kay

Noun edit

개 • (gae)

  1. inlet; estuary
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
See also edit

Etymology 3 edit

Sino-Korean word from 個.

Pronunciation edit

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?gae
Revised Romanization (translit.)?gae
McCune–Reischauer?kae
Yale Romanization?kay

Counter edit

개 • (gae) (hanja 個/箇/介)

  1. general counter for objects: item, piece, article
Derived terms edit

Etymology 4 edit

See the main entries.

Verb edit

개 • (gae)

  1. An infinitive form of 개다 (gaeda, “to clear”)
  2. An infinitive form of 개다 (gaeda, “to fold”)
  3. An infinitive form of 개다 (gaeda, “to knead”)

Etymology 5 edit

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

Syllable edit

개 (gae)

Extended content
  1. 改: reform; fix
    (eumhun reading: 고칠 개 (gochil gae))
    (MC reading: 改 (MC kojX))
  2. 皆: (literary) all; every; everybody
    (MC reading: 皆 (MC keaj))
  3. 個: a piece; a unit; an item
    (eumhun reading: 낱 개 (nat gae))
    (MC reading: 個 (MC kaH))
  4. 開: open
    (eumhun reading: 열 개 (yeol gae))
    (MC reading: 開 (MC khoj))
  5. 介: mediate; herald; sea shell; to wear armor
    (MC reading: 介 (MC keajH))
  6. 慨:
    (MC reading: 慨 (MC khojH))
  7. 槪: approximately
    (eumhun reading: 대개 개 (daegae gae))
    (MC reading: 槪)
  8. 蓋: cover
    (eumhun reading: 덮을 개 (deopeul gae))
    (MC reading: 蓋 (MC kajH))
  9. 价:
    (MC reading: 价 (MC keajH))
  10. 凱:
    (MC reading: 凱 (MC khojX))
  11. 愷: enjoy; peaceful
    (MC reading: 愷 (MC khojX))
  12. 漑:
    (MC reading: 漑 (MC kʌiH))
  13. 塏: highland; high and dry (of place)
    (MC reading: 塏 (MC khojX))
  14. 愾:
    (MC reading: 愾 (MC khojH))
  15. 疥: scabies, itch
    (MC reading: 疥 (MC keajH))
  16. 芥:
    (MC reading: 芥 (MC keajH))
  17. 豈: an interjection of surprise
    (eumhun reading: 승전악 개 (seungjeonak gae))
    (MC reading: 豈 (MC khj+jX))
  18. 鎧:
    (MC reading: 鎧 (MC khojX|khojH))
  19. 玠:
    (MC reading: 玠 (MC keajH))
  20. 剴:
    (MC reading: 剴 (MC koj))
  21. 匃:
    (MC reading: 匃 (MC kajH))
  22. 揩:
    (MC reading: 揩 (MC kheaj|kheajH))
  23. 槩:
    (MC reading: 槩 (MC kojH))
  24. 磕: bump; drumbeat
    (MC reading: 磕 (MC khajH))
  25. 闓:
    (MC reading: 闓 (MC khojX|khojH))
  26. 丐: beggar
    (eumhun reading: 빌 개 (bil gae))
    (MC reading: 丐 (MC kajH))
  27. 箇: Alternative form of 個
  28. 个: Alternative form of 個
  29. 盖: Alternative form of 蓋

References edit

  1. ^ Lee, Ki-Moon, Ramsey, S. Robert (2011) A History of the Korean Language, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 163–164

Middle Korean edit

Etymology 1 edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

개〮 (káy) (locative 개〮예〮 (káy-yéy))

  1. inlet; estuary
Descendants edit
  • Korean: 개 (gae)

Etymology 2 edit

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

개〯 (kǎy) (locative 개〯예〮 (kǎy-yéy))

  1. Alternative form of 가히〮 (kàhí, “dog”)
Descendants edit
  • Korean: 개 (gae)
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