-id

See also: Appendix:Variations of "id"

English

Alternative forms

-ide (archaic)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɪd/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Middle French -ide m, from Latin -idēs m (patronymic suffix; plural: -idae), from Ancient Greek -ίδης m (-ídēs, patronymic suffix; plural: -ίδαι (-ídai)).

Suffix

-id

(history) Forming the names of dynasts, being suffixed to the name of their progenitors and meaning “descendant of”.
‎Perseus + ‎-id → ‎Perseid (dynast)

‎Solomon + ‎-id → ‎Solomonid

‎Umayya + ‎-(i)d → ‎Umayyad

‎Genghis + ‎-id → ‎Genghisid

‎Osman + ‎-id → ‎Osmanid

‎[Ismail] Safavi + ‎-(i)d → ‎Safavid
(taxonomy) Forming the common names of members of a taxon which has a name ending in -idae.
A felid is a member of Felidae.
(dentistry, paleontology) Forming the names of cusps of lower (mandibular) teeth.
‎protocone (“cusp of upper molars”) + ‎-id → ‎protoconid (“equivalent for lower molars”)
(botany) Forming nouns from Latin or Greek roots, including certain plant names modelled on Latin sources. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Translations

dynast

French: -ide (fr) m or f by sense
Middle French: -ide
German: -ide m
Greek: -ίδης (el) m (-ídis)
Italian: -ide m
Latin: -idēs m
Portuguese: -ida (pt) m
Russian: -и́д (ru) m (-íd)
Spanish: -ida (es) m
Swedish: -id c

member of a taxon

French: -idé (fr) m
Italian: -ide m

cusp of lower (mandibular) teeth

French: -ide (fr) m
Italian: -ide m

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Middle French -ide f, from Latin -is f (genitive: -idis; plural: -ides), from Ancient Greek -ῐς f (-ĭs) (genitive: -ῐδος (-ĭdos); plural: -ῐδες (-ĭdes)).

Suffix

-id

(mythology) Forming names of feminine equivalents or of feminine descendants from a masculine name.
‎Titan + ‎-id → ‎Titanid, literally “female Titan”

‎Nereus + ‎-id → ‎Nereid, literally “sprung of Nereus”

‎Oceanus + ‎-id → ‎Oceanid, literally “sprung of Oceanus”

‎Perseus + ‎-id → ‎Perseid, literally “sprung of Perseus” (an epithet of Alcmene, grand-daughter of Perseus)

‎Danaus + ‎-id → ‎Danaid, literally “sprung of Danaus”
(literature) Forming the names of epic poems.
‎Aeneas + ‎-id → ‎Aeneid

‎Achilles + ‎-id → ‎Achilleid

‎Perseus + ‎-id → ‎Perseid (epic poem)
(astronomy) Forming common names of meteors from their apparent constellation of origin.
‎Perseus + ‎-id → ‎Perseid (meteor)

‎Gemini + ‎-id → ‎Geminid

Translations

feminine equivalent or descendant

French: -ide (fr) f
Italian: -ide f
Latin: -is f
Russian: -и́да f (-ída)

epic poem

French: -ide (fr) f
Italian: -ide f
Latin: -is f
Russian: -и́да f (-ída)

meteor

French: -ide (fr) f
Italian: -ide f
Latin: -is f

Etymology 3

Variant of -oid.

Suffix

-id

(not productive outside zoology) of or pertaining to; appended to various foreign words to make an English adjective or noun form. Often added to words of Greek, sometimes Latin, origin.
Synonyms: -al, -an, -ite, -ar, -ese, -ic, -ish, -like, -oid, -ory, -ous, -y

‎Europe + ‎-id → ‎Europid

‎negro + ‎-id → ‎negrid

Derived terms

English terms suffixed with -id

Anagrams

DI, Di, dI, di, di-

Danish

Etymology

From Latin -idus.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [-ˈiðˀ]

Suffix

-id

Used in systematic names for many chemical compounds, including compounds containing only two elements
Any of a group of related compounds - azide, polysaccharide, glycoside.

Derived terms

Category Danish terms suffixed with -id not found

Fula

Affix

-id

(Pular) makes verbs associative
‎gollugol (“to work”) + ‎-id → ‎gollidugol (“to work with, collaborate”)

‎yewtugol (“to speak”) + ‎-id → ‎yewtidugol (“to chat with, converse”)

Hungarian

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [id]
Rhymes: -id

Etymology 1

-i (possessive plural) +‎ -d (second-person singular personal suffix)

Suffix

-id

(possessive suffix) your ... -s (second-person singular informal, multiple possessions)
‎kapu (“gate”) + ‎-id → ‎a kapuid (“your gates”)

‎palota (“palace”) + ‎-id → ‎a palotáid (“your palaces”)

‎érme (“coin”) + ‎-id → ‎az érméid (“your coins”)

Usage notes

(possessive suffix) Variants:
-id is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.

-aid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant

-eid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant

-jaid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

-jeid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

Declension

For back vowel words:

Inflection (stem in *-a-*, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	-id	—
accusative	-idat	—
dative	-idnak	—
instrumental	-iddal	—
causal-final	-idért	—
translative	-iddá	—
terminative	-idig	—
essive-formal	-idként	—
essive-modal	-idul	—
inessive	-idban	—
superessive	-idon	—
adessive	-idnál	—
illative	-idba	—
sublative	-idra	—
allative	-idhoz	—
elative	-idból	—
delative	-idról	—
ablative	-idtól	—
non-attributive possessive – singular	-idé	—
non-attributive possessive – plural	-idéi	—

For front vowel words:

Inflection (stem in *-e-*, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	-id	—
accusative	-idet	—
dative	-idnek	—
instrumental	-iddel	—
causal-final	-idért	—
translative	-iddé	—
terminative	-idig	—
essive-formal	-idként	—
essive-modal	-idül	—
inessive	-idben	—
superessive	-iden	—
adessive	-idnél	—
illative	-idbe	—
sublative	-idre	—
allative	-idhez	—
elative	-idből	—
delative	-idről	—
ablative	-idtől	—
non-attributive possessive – singular	-idé	—
non-attributive possessive – plural	-idéi	—

Etymology 2

Suffix

-id

(chemistry) -ide (indicating a binary compound)

Derived terms

Hungarian nouns suffixed with -id

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish -id, from Proto-Celtic *-īti from Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti.

Suffix

-id m

Agent suffix
‎slane (“whole, entire”) + ‎-id → ‎slanid (“entirety, totality”)

Derived terms

Northern Sami

Etymology

From Proto-Samic *-jtē, originally the partitive/ablative plural form. Cognate with the Finnish partitive plural -ja, -ia, -ita.

The genitive plural originally had the ending -i, from Proto-Samic *-j. It was eliminated in favour of the accusative ending by analogy with the singular, where these cases fell together naturally.

Pronunciation

(Kautokeino) IPA^(key): /ˈ-it/

Suffix

-id

The ending of the accusative and genitive plural.

Usage notes

This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

Ojibwe

Suffix

-id

A suffix denoting the third-person singular to first-person singular conjunct form of a transitive animate verb (vta)

Old Irish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [iðʲ]

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *-yatis, an Insular extension of *-atis, itself an extension of the abstract suffix Proto-Indo-European *-tis extracted from laryngeal-final roots.^[1]

Alternative forms

-aid (broad variant)
-ith

Suffix

-id m

Forms a noun of agency.
from verb or verbal noun
‎serc (“love”) + ‎-id → ‎sercaid (“lover”)

from noun
‎mucc (“pig”) + ‎-id → ‎muccaid (“swineherd”)

‎ainmm (“name”) + ‎-id → ‎ainmmnid (“nominative case”) = "namer"

Usage notes

This suffix forms i-stem nouns.

Inflection

Masculine i-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	-id	-id^L	-idi^H
vocative	-id	-id^L	-idi^H
accusative	-id^N	-id^L	-idi^H
genitive	-edo^H, -eda^H	-edo^H, -eda^H	-ide^N
dative	-id^L	-idib	-idib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

^H = triggers aspiration
^L = triggers lenition
^N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

Old Irish terms suffixed with -id

Descendants

Irish: -aí

Etymology 2

Suffix

-id

Alternative form of -aid used after a slender consonant

References

^ McCone, Kim (1995) “OIr. senchae, senchaid and preliminaries on agent noun formation in Celtic”, in Ériu‎^[1], volume 46, Royal Irish Academy, →ISSN, →JSTOR, retrieved 1 March 2023, pages 1–10

Polish

Alternative forms

-ida

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *weyd-der.

Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos)lbor.

Polish -id

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /it/
Audio: (file)
Rhymes: -it
Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]
Homophones: id, Id

Suffix

-id m

-ide
‎amoniak + ‎-id → ‎amid

Declension

Declension of -id

	singular	plural
nominative	-id	-idy
genitive	-idu	-idów
dative	-idowi	-idom
accusative	-id	-idy
instrumental	-idem	-idami
locative	-idzie	-idach
vocative	-idzie	-idy

Derived terms

Polish terms suffixed with -id

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin -īte (second-person plural present active imperative ending of fourth conjugation verbs).

Suffix

-id

used to form the informal second-person plural imperative mood of -ir verbs
‎venir (“to come”) + ‎-id → ‎¡Venid! (“Come!”)

Volapük

Suffix

-id

Forms an ordinal number (adjective) from a cardinal number.

Welsh

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ɪd/

Etymology 1

Suffix

-id

forming abstract nouns, -ness, -ment
‎cadarn (“strong, robust, sturdy”) + ‎-id → ‎cadernid (“strength, robustness, sturdiness”)

‎rhydd (“free”) + ‎-id → ‎rhyddid (“freedom”)

Usage notes

-i causes i-affection of internal vowels.

Etymology 2

Suffix

-id

(literary) verb suffix for the impersonal imperfect/conditional

Usage notes

-id causes i-affection of internal vowels, for example, ‎canu (“to sing”) + ‎-id → ‎cenid (“was being sung, one was singing, would sing, one would sing”).

Derived terms

Welsh terms suffixed with -id

[McCone_1995-1] McCone, Kim (1995) “OIr. senchae, senchaid and preliminaries on agent noun formation in Celtic”, in Ériu‎^[1], volume 46, Royal Irish Academy, →ISSN, →JSTOR, retrieved 1 March 2023, pages 1–10

[1]

-id

English

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Suffix

Translations

Etymology 2

Suffix

Translations

Etymology 3

Suffix

Derived terms

Further reading

Anagrams

Danish

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Derived terms

Fula

Affix

Hungarian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Suffix

Usage notes

Declension

Etymology 2

Suffix

Derived terms

See also

Manx

Etymology

Suffix

Derived terms

Northern Sami

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Usage notes

Ojibwe

Suffix

Old Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

Suffix

Usage notes

Inflection

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

Etymology 2

Suffix

References

Polish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Pronunciation

Suffix

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

Spanish

Etymology

Suffix

Volapük

Suffix

Welsh

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Suffix

Usage notes

Etymology 2

Suffix

Usage notes

Derived terms