-id
EnglishEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Variant of -oid.
SuffixEdit
-id
- (not productive except in zoology) of or pertaining to; appended to various foreign words to make an English adjective or noun form. Often added to words of Greek, sometimes Latin, origin.
Etymology 2Edit
From Middle French -ide (like also English -ide), French -ide, and their sources, Latin -id-, -is and Ancient Greek -ῐδ- (-id-), -ῐς (-is).
SuffixEdit
-id
- (chiefly botany) Forming nouns from Latin or Greek roots, including certain plant names modelled on Latin sources, and the names of certain dynasties, being suffixed to the name of their progenitors and meaning "descendant(s) of", e.g. Solomonid, Abbasid.
- (astronomy) Forming common names of meteors from their apparent constellation of origin.
- The Perseid meteor shower's radiant is in the constellation of Perseus.
- (zoology) Forming common names of members of a taxon which has a name ending in -idae.
- A felid is a member of Felidae.
See alsoEdit
AnagramsEdit
HungarianEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
-i (possessive plural) + -d (second-person singular personal suffix)
SuffixEdit
-id
Usage notesEdit
- (possessive suffix) Variants:
- -id is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
- -aid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -eid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant
- -jaid is added to back-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
- -jeid is added to front-vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i
DeclensionEdit
For back vowel words:
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -id | — |
| accusative | -idat | — |
| dative | -idnak | — |
| instrumental | -iddal | — |
| causal-final | -idért | — |
| translative | -iddá | — |
| terminative | -idig | — |
| essive-formal | -idként | — |
| essive-modal | -idul | — |
| inessive | -idban | — |
| superessive | -idon | — |
| adessive | -idnál | — |
| illative | -idba | — |
| sublative | -idra | — |
| allative | -idhoz | — |
| elative | -idból | — |
| delative | -idról | — |
| ablative | -idtól | — |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
-idé | — |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
-idéi | — |
For front vowel words:
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -id | — |
| accusative | -idet | — |
| dative | -idnek | — |
| instrumental | -iddel | — |
| causal-final | -idért | — |
| translative | -iddé | — |
| terminative | -idig | — |
| essive-formal | -idként | — |
| essive-modal | -idül | — |
| inessive | -idben | — |
| superessive | -iden | — |
| adessive | -idnél | — |
| illative | -idbe | — |
| sublative | -idre | — |
| allative | -idhez | — |
| elative | -idből | — |
| delative | -idről | — |
| ablative | -idtől | — |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
-idé | — |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
-idéi | — |
Etymology 2Edit
SuffixEdit
-id
Derived termsEdit
See alsoEdit
ManxEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Old Irish -id, from Proto-Celtic *-īti from Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti.
SuffixEdit
-id m
Derived termsEdit
Northern SamiEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Samic *-jtē, originally the partitive/ablative plural form. Cognate with the Finnish partitive plural -ja, -ia, -ita.
The genitive plural originally had the ending -i, from Proto-Samic *-j. It was eliminated in favour of the accusative ending by analogy with the singular, where these cases fell together naturally.
PronunciationEdit
SuffixEdit
-id
- The ending of the accusative and genitive plural.
Usage notesEdit
This suffix triggers the weak grade on a preceding stressed syllable.
Old IrishEdit
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
SuffixEdit
-id
- Forms a noun of agency.
Usage notesEdit
- This suffix forms i-stem nouns.
Derived termsEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- Rudolf Thurneysen (1940, reprinted 2003)D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 267
VolapükEdit
SuffixEdit
-id
- Forms an ordinal number (adjective) from a cardinal number.
WelshEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
SuffixEdit
-id
Usage notesEdit
-i causes i-affection of internal vowels.
Etymology 2Edit
SuffixEdit
-id
- (literary) verb suffix for the impersonal imperfect/conditional
Usage notesEdit
-id causes i-affection of internal vowels, for example, canu (“to sing”) + -id → cenid (“was being sung, one was singing, would sing, one would sing”).