ní
BassaEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
ní
ReferencesEdit
- Bassa-English Dictionary
- 2007. The UCLA Phonetics Lab Archive. Los Angeles, CA: UCLA Department of Linguistics.
CoguiEdit
NounEdit
ní
ReferencesEdit
- Grace Hensarli, The function of -ki 'switch' in Kogi
CzechEdit
PronunciationEdit
PronounEdit
ní
DakotaEdit
VerbEdit
ní
IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Irish ní (“something, n of nech”) conflated with reanalysis of Old Irish aní (“that which”) as an ní (“the thing”).
Alternative formsEdit
- nídh (dated)
NounEdit
ní m (genitive singular ní, nominative plural nithe)
DeclensionEdit
Bare forms
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Forms with the definite article
|
Derived termsEdit
PronounEdit
ní
- which (referring back to a clause) (followed by a relative clause)
- 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, printed in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études 270. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, p. 194:
- Do bhíodar sé mhí gan fille, agus nuair a chonaic Máire an t-árthach ag teacht chun cuain, bhí sceitimíní ar a croidhe le lúthgháir agus le h-áthas, ní nárbh’ iongnadh.
- They were [away] six months without returning, and when Máire saw the vessel coming to port, her heart had raptures of gladness and joy, which was not surprising.
- 1939, Peig Sayers, “Inghean an Cheannaidhe”, printed in Marie-Louise Sjoestedt, Description d’un parler irlandais de Kerry, Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études 270. Paris: Librairie Honoré Champion, p. 194:
Etymology 2Edit
Alternative formsEdit
- nighe (obsolete)
- níochán (Cois Fharraige)
NounEdit
ní f (genitive singular nite)
VerbEdit
ní
Etymology 3Edit
ParticleEdit
ní
- not (preverbal particle)
- Ní thuigim. ― I do not understand.
- Ní dheachaigh mé ansin. ― I did not go there.
- Ní bhfaighidh siad é. ― They will not find it.
- not (present copular form)
- Ní críonnacht creagaireacht. ― Miserliness is not thrift.
- Ní hionann iad. ― They are not the same.
- An gloine é? Ní hea. ― Is it glass? No.
Usage notesEdit
The preverbal particle triggers lenition of a following consonant. It is not used in the past tense except for some irregular verbs. It takes the dependent form of irregular verbs. The copular form triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel.
Related termsEdit
- cha (nonstandard)
- níor (used in the past tense with regular and some irregular verbs, also the past/conditional copular form)
Simple copular forms
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Compound copular forms
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v Used before vowel sounds |
Etymology 4Edit
Alternative formsEdit
VerbEdit
ní
Further readingEdit
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “ní”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 ní ‘anything’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 ní ‘a thing’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “3 ní ‘not’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “nige”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “ní ‘not’”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 517
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “níḋ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 518
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “niġe”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 519
- Entries containing “ní” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “ní” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
LakotaEdit
AdjectiveEdit
ní
MandarinEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- ni – nonstandard
RomanizationEdit
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 倪
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 呢
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 坭
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 埿
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 妫
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 婗
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 尼
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 屔
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 怩
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 泥
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 淣
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 狋
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 猊
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 秜
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 籾
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 臡/𰯋
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蚭
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 蜺
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 觬
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 貎
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 跜
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 輗/𫐐
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 郳
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鈦/钛
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 霓
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鯓
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 鯢/鲵
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 麑
- Hanyu Pinyin reading of 齯/𫠜
Middle IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Old Irish ní, from Proto-Celtic *nīs (compare Welsh ni), from Proto-Indo-European *ne h₁ésti (“is not”) (compare Sanskrit न (na), Latin ne, Gothic 𐌽𐌹 (ni)).
ParticleEdit
ní
- not
- c. 1000, Anonymous; published in (1935), Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 15, page 2: “Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill. [If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.]”
DescendantsEdit
- Irish: ní
VerbEdit
ní
Etymology 2Edit
PronounEdit
ní
- something, anything
- c. 1000, Anonymous; published in (1935), Rudolf Thurneysen, editor, Scéla Mucca Meic Dathó, Dublin: Staionery Office, § 1, l. 15, page 2: “Mani·tucad immurgu ní din chéttadall ni·bered a n-aill. [If, however, he did not take anything at (literally “from”) his first thrust, he did not bring the second.]”
Edit
EtymologyEdit
di- (“oral”) + -∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -ní (neuter imperfective stem of root -NIID, “to say”).
PronunciationEdit
Audio (NV) (file)
VerbEdit
ní
Usage notesEdit
This verb is frequently used for quoted speech. To introduce quoted speech, just add the prefix á- (“thus”) to any of the forms of the verb. This modifies the meaning to something like "to say as follows" or "to say thus":
- Asdzą́ą́ ání, Beeʼeldííl Dahsinilgóó deekai, ní. — That woman says, “we are going to Albuquerque,” she says.
This is a neuter verb that uses only the imperfective mode. Other modes are suppleted by the active verb niih, reproduced below for convenience.
ConjugationEdit
Paradigm: Neuter imperfective (∅), with some irregularities.
NEUTER IMP | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | dishní | diiʼní | dadiiʼní |
2nd person | diní | dohní | dadohní |
3rd person | ní | daaní | |
4th person | jiní | dajiní |
PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | dííniid | diiʼniid | dadiiʼniid |
2nd person | dííníniid | dooniid | dadooniid |
3rd person | dííniid | dadííniid | |
4th person | jidííniid | dazhdííniid |
FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | dideeshniił | didiiʼniił | dadidiiʼniił |
2nd person | didííniił | didoohniił | dadidoohniił |
3rd person | didooniił | dadidooniił | |
4th person | dizhdooniił | dazhdidooniił |
ITERATIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | ńdíshʼniih | ńdiiʼniih | ńdadiiʼniih |
2nd person | ńdíʼniih | ńdóhʼniih | ńdadohʼniih |
3rd person | ńdíʼniih | ńdadiʼniih | |
4th person | nízhdíʼniih | ńdazhdiʼniih |
OPTATIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
---|---|---|---|
1st person | dóshneʼ | dooʼneʼ | dadooʼneʼ |
2nd person | dóóneʼ | doohneʼ | dadoohneʼ́ |
3rd person | dóneʼ | dadóneʼ | |
4th person | jidóneʼ | dazhdóneʼ |
See alsoEdit
Old IrishEdit
PronunciationEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Celtic *nīs (compare Welsh ni), from Proto-Indo-European *ne h₁ésti (“is not”) (compare Sanskrit न (na), Latin ne, Gothic 𐌽𐌹 (ni)).
ParticleEdit
ní
- not
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 24a38
- Ní epur a n-anman sund.
- I do not say their names here.
- Synonym: nícon
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 24a38
Usage notesEdit
Followed by the dependent form of the verb, which (in Old Irish) is not subjected to nasalization or lenition mutation unless a direct object pronoun is implied. Compare:
- Ní ben inna firu ― He does not strike the men
- Here the b of ben is unmutated.
- Ní mben ― He does not strike him
- Here the b of ben is nasalized to mb.
- Ní ben ― He does not strike it
- Here the b of ben is lenited.
In Middle Irish increasingly, and in Modern Irish always, ní lenites the following verb.
DescendantsEdit
VerbEdit
ní
- is not, isn’t
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12c29
- Ní ar formut frib-si as·biur-sa inso.
- It is not because of envy towards you that I say this.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 20c25
- Níta chumme-se friusom.
- I am not like them.
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 23d23
- Cía thés hí loc bes ardu, ní ardu de; ní samlid són dúnni, air ⟨im⟩mi ardu-ni de tri dul isna lucu arda.
- Though he may go into a higher place, he is not the higher; this is not the case for us, for we are the higher through going into the high places.
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 12c29
ConjugationEdit
See relevant rows at Template:sga-conj-is.
Etymology 2Edit
PronounEdit
ní
For quotations using this term, see Citations:ní.
DeclensionEdit
Case | Animate | Neuter |
---|---|---|
Nominative | nech | ní |
Accusative | nech | |
Genitive | neich | |
Dative | neuch, neoch |
Alternative formsEdit
Derived termsEdit
MutationEdit
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
ní also nní after a proclitic |
ní pronounced with /n(ʲ)-/ |
unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
RawangEdit
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
ní
- two.