fal
English edit
Verb edit
fal
- Obsolete spelling of fall
- 1599, W. Kinsayder or Theriomastix [pseudonyms; John Marston], The Scourge of Villanie. […], London: […] I[ames] R[oberts], →OCLC; republished as G[eorge] B[agshawe] Harrison, editor, The Scourge of Villanie (The Bodley Head Quartos; 13), London: John Lane, The Bodley Head […]; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton & Company, 1925, →OCLC:
- By chaunce, in Livias modest company; / When, after the god-saving ceremony, / For want of talke-stuffe, fals to foinery; / Out goes his rapier, and to Livia / He shewes the ward by puncta reversa
Anagrams edit
Albanian edit
Etymology edit
Uncertain. Proposals include:
- Inherited from Proto-Indo-European, akin to Ancient Greek σφάλλω (sphállō, “to overthrow”).[1][2]
- Borrowed from South Slavic, from Proto-Slavic *xvaliti (“to praise”), compare Macedonian фали (fali), Serbo-Croatian hváliti/хва́лити.[3]
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
fal (aorist fala, participle falur)
- to forgive, pardon
- më falni ― sorry (literally, “forgive me”)
- to give (as a present), offer, bestow
- Synonym: dhuroj
- 1937, Gjergj Fishta, “XIV — Te ura e rrzhanicës”, in Lahuta e Malcís, lines 153–154:
- Madhi Zot! tý t' kjofsha falë, / Se shum shkjau na paska dalë
- Great God! May I be bestowed to you,[4] how many Slavs come to us!
- to lend
- Synonym: huaj
- to worship (a god); to celebrate (a ceremony, festivity, etc.)
- fal bajramin ― to celebrate Eid
- to greet, salute
- Synonym: përshëndet
- to turn off
- to bend over
- (third person) to set (of the sun)
Derived terms edit
References edit
- ^ Çabej, E. (1986) Studime gjuhësore (in Albanian), volume I, Prishtinë: Rilindja, page 173f.
- ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “fal”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 93
- ^ Meyer, G. (1891) “faľ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, , page 98
- ^ Flora, Koleci (2022) “Tradurre il testo e … tradire il contesto”, in Lingue e linguaggi, volume 48, , page 165
- “fal”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language][1] (in Albanian), 1980, page 446f.
Azerbaijani edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Arabic فَأْل (“good omen”).
Noun edit
fal (definite accusative falı, plural fallar)
- divination, fortune-telling
- fala baxmaq ― to tell fortunes
- a sample of a fruit, such as melon or watermelon, cut out by the vendor and presented to the potential buyer
- a piece (of bread)
Declension edit
Declension of fal | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | fal |
fallar | ||||||
definite accusative | falı |
falları | ||||||
dative | fala |
fallara | ||||||
locative | falda |
fallarda | ||||||
ablative | faldan |
fallardan | ||||||
definite genitive | falın |
falların |
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “fal” in Obastan.com.
Hungarian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Proto-Ugric *påda, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *padɜ. Cognates include Finnish pato (“dam”). [1][2]
Noun edit
fal (plural falak)
Declension edit
Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | fal | falak |
accusative | falat | falakat |
dative | falnak | falaknak |
instrumental | fallal | falakkal |
causal-final | falért | falakért |
translative | fallá | falakká |
terminative | falig | falakig |
essive-formal | falként | falakként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | falban | falakban |
superessive | falon | falakon |
adessive | falnál | falaknál |
illative | falba | falakba |
sublative | falra | falakra |
allative | falhoz | falakhoz |
elative | falból | falakból |
delative | falról | falakról |
ablative | faltól | falaktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
falé | falaké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
faléi | falakéi |
Possessive forms of fal | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | falam | falaim |
2nd person sing. | falad | falaid |
3rd person sing. | fala | falai |
1st person plural | falunk | falaink |
2nd person plural | falatok | falaitok |
3rd person plural | faluk | falaik |
Derived terms edit
- alapfal
- bordásfal
- boronafal
- deszkafal
- előszobafal
- érfal
- főfal
- függönyfal
- gyámfal
- gyomorfal
- hangfal
- hasfal
- hátfal
- házfal
- homlokfal
- kantfal
- közfal
- kőfal
- lécfal
- műszerfal
- oldalfal
- oromfal
- partfal
- paticsfal
- rabicfal
- rekeszfal
- sejtfal
- siratófal
- sorfal
- sövényfal
- spanyolfal
- svédfal
- szádfal
- szárnyfal
- szekrényfal
- szerelékfal
- szerelvényfal
- szénfal
- sziklafal
- szirtfal
- színfal
- támaszfal
- támfal
- téglafal
- tolófal
- tűzfal
- urnafal
- üvegfal
- vakfal
- válaszfal, választófal
- vályogfal
- várfal
- városfal
- vendégfal
- védfal
- védőfal
Etymology 2 edit
From Proto-Uralic *pala- (“to devour”). Cognates include Finnish palaa (“to burn”).
Verb edit
fal
- (transitive, intransitive) to devour, gorge, wolf, scarf (eat greedily, voraciously, or ravenously)
Conjugation edit
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | falok | falsz | fal | falunk | faltok | falnak | |
Def. | falom | falod | falja | faljuk | faljátok | falják | |||
2nd-p. o. | fallak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | faltam | faltál | falt | faltunk | faltatok | faltak | ||
Def. | faltam | faltad | falta | faltuk | faltátok | falták | |||
2nd-p. o. | faltalak | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. falni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | falék | falál | fala | falánk | falátok | falának | ||
Def. | falám | falád | falá | falánk | falátok | falák | |||
2nd-p. o. | falálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. fal vala, falt vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | falandok | falandasz | faland | falandunk | falandotok | falandanak | ||
Def. | falandom | falandod | falandja | falandjuk | falandjátok | falandják | |||
2nd-p. o. | falandalak | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | falnék | falnál | falna | falnánk | falnátok | falnának | |
Def. | falnám | falnád | falná | falnánk (or falnók) |
falnátok | falnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | falnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. falt volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | faljak | falj or faljál |
faljon | faljunk | faljatok | faljanak | |
Def. | faljam | fald or faljad |
falja | faljuk | faljátok | falják | |||
2nd-p. o. | faljalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. falt légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | falni | falnom | falnod | falnia | falnunk | falnotok | falniuk | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
falás | faló | falt | falandó | falva (falván) | |||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | falhatok | falhatsz | falhat | falhatunk | falhattok | falhatnak | |
Def. | falhatom | falhatod | falhatja | falhatjuk | falhatjátok | falhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | falhatlak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | falhattam | falhattál | falhatott | falhattunk | falhattatok | falhattak | ||
Def. | falhattam | falhattad | falhatta | falhattuk | falhattátok | falhatták | |||
2nd-p. o. | falhattalak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | falhaték | falhatál | falhata | falhatánk | falhatátok | falhatának | ||
Def. | falhatám | falhatád | falhatá | falhatánk | falhatátok | falhaták | |||
2nd-p. o. | falhatálak | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. falhat vala, falhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | falhatandok or falandhatok |
falhatandasz or falandhatsz |
falhatand or falandhat |
falhatandunk or falandhatunk |
falhatandotok or falandhattok |
falhatandanak or falandhatnak | ||
Def. | falhatandom or falandhatom |
falhatandod or falandhatod |
falhatandja or falandhatja |
falhatandjuk or falandhatjuk |
falhatandjátok or falandhatjátok |
falhatandják or falandhatják | |||
2nd-p. o. | falhatandalak or falandhatlak |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | falhatnék | falhatnál | falhatna | falhatnánk | falhatnátok | falhatnának | |
Def. | falhatnám | falhatnád | falhatná | falhatnánk (or falhatnók) |
falhatnátok | falhatnák | |||
2nd-p. o. | falhatnálak | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. falhatott volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | falhassak | falhass or falhassál |
falhasson | falhassunk | falhassatok | falhassanak | |
Def. | falhassam | falhasd or falhassad |
falhassa | falhassuk | falhassátok | falhassák | |||
2nd-p. o. | falhassalak | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. falhatott légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (falhatni) | (falhatnom) | (falhatnod) | (falhatnia) | (falhatnunk) | (falhatnotok) | (falhatniuk) | ||
Positive adjective | falható | Neg. adj. | falhatatlan | Adv. part. | (falhatva / falhatván) | ||||
Derived terms edit
(With verbal prefixes):
References edit
- ^ Entry #687 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ fal in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading edit
- (wall): fal in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (to devour): fal in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- fal in Ittzés, Nóra (ed.). A magyar nyelv nagyszótára (‘A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published A–ez as of 2024)
Icelandic edit
Noun edit
fal
Kott edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Yeniseian *ʔapV ("hotness, sweat"). Compare Assan palá, pfóltu, paltu ("hot").
Adjective edit
fal
Related terms edit
Ladin edit
Noun edit
fal m (plural fai)
Luxembourgish edit
Verb edit
fal
Middle English edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Old English feall, from Proto-Germanic *fallaz.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
fal (plural falles)
Descendants edit
References edit
- “fal, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
fal (neuter falt, definite singular and plural fale, comparative falare, indefinite superlative falast, definite superlative falaste)
References edit
- “fal” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Norse edit
Verb edit
fal
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
fal f
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
fal (not comparable)
Declension edit
Inflection of fal | |||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative2 |
Common singular | fal | — | — |
Neuter singular | falt | — | — |
Plural | fala | — | — |
Masculine plural3 | fale | — | — |
Definite | Positive | Comparative | Superlative |
Masculine singular1 | fale | — | — |
All | fala | — | — |
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic |
Related terms edit
References edit
- fal in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (8th ed., 1923)
- fal in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
Anagrams edit
Turkish edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Audio (file)
Noun edit
fal (definite accusative falı, plural fallar)
Declension edit
Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | fal | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | falı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | fal | fallar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Definite accusative | falı | falları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dative | fala | fallara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | falda | fallarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ablative | faldan | fallardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | falın | falların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
See also edit
Volapük edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from English fall and German Fall.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
fal (nominative plural fals)
- the action of falling
- (grammar) grammatical case (in classic or original Volapük (Volapük rigik: kimfal (“nominative”), kimafal (“genitive”), borrowed from German Fall (“case”))