Wiktionary

grunt

See also: Grunt and grünt

English edit

Etymology edit

From Middle English grunten, from Old English grunnettan (“to grunt”), from Proto-West Germanic *grunnattjan, from Proto-Germanic *grunnatjaną (“to grunt”), frequentative of Proto-Germanic *grunnōną (“to grunt”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrun- (“to shout”).

Cognate with German grunzen (“to grunt”), Danish grynte (“to grunt”). The noun senses are all instances of zero derivation from the verb.[1]

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): /ɡɹʌnt/
  • Audio (US)(file)
  • Rhymes: -ʌnt

Noun edit

grunt (plural grunts)

  1. A short snorting sound, often to show disapproval, or used as a reply when one is reluctant to speak.
  2. The snorting cry of a pig.
  3. Any fish of the perciform family Haemulidae.
  4. A person who does ordinary and boring work.
    Synonyms: gofer, lackey, peon
  5. (US, military slang) An infantry soldier.
    Coordinate term: pogue
    • 1979, Gustav Hasford, The Short-Timers, New York: Bantam Books, published 1980, →ISBN, page 39:
      The poges stare at the grunts as though the grunts were Hell's Angels at the ballet.
    • 1984, Charles Robert Anderson, The Grunts, Berkley Books, →ISBN, page xii:
      The events described are those encountered by only 160 men, though the adversity recounted is representative of that experienced by all grunts in Vietnam.
    • 1986, James Cameron, Aliens, spoken by Burke (Paul Reiser):
      He can't make that kind of decision. He's just a grunt!
  6. (slang) The amount of power of which a vehicle is capable.
    • 1992, Autocar & Motor, volume 192, page 61:
      The engine might not possess quite as much grunt as the later 24v six, but it delivers invigorating performance […]
    • 2006 February, Torque, page 56:
      With this much grunt, it is surprising that the engine is relatively quiet.
    • 2021 February, The Road Ahead, Brisbane, page 55, column 2:
      The lack of bottom-end grunt presents as a particular problem in hilly terrain where the five-speed manual gearbox really earns its keep.
  7. (Canada, US) A dessert of steamed berries and dough, usually blueberries; blueberry grunt.
    Synonyms: fungy, fungee

Derived terms edit

Translations edit

Verb edit

grunt (third-person singular simple present grunts, present participle grunting, simple past and past participle grunted)

  1. (intransitive, of a person) To make a grunt or grunts.
  2. (intransitive, of a pig) To make a grunt or grunts.
  3. (intransitive, UK, slang) To break wind; to fart.
    Who just grunted?

Translations edit

See also edit

The frequentative form gruntle.

References edit

  1. ^ Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “grunt”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

Masurian edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish grunt.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): [ˈɡrunt]
  • Syllabification: grunt

Noun edit

grunt m inan

  1. estate; farm (owned land)
  2. soil (arable land)
  3. ground (bottom of a lake or pond)
  4. topsoil (top or subcutaneous layer of earth)
  5. base, ground; precipitate

Verb edit

grunt impf

  1. the most important thing is

Further reading edit

  • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021) “grunt”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎[2], volume 2, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 328

Middle English edit

Verb edit

grunt

  1. Alternative form of grunten

Norwegian Bokmål edit

Adjective edit

grunt

  1. neuter singular of grunn

Norwegian Nynorsk edit

Adjective edit

grunt

  1. neuter singular of grunn

Old Dutch edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *grunduz.

Noun edit

grunt m

  1. ground

Inflection edit

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants edit

  • Middle Dutch: gront

Further reading edit

  • “grunt”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old High German edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Germanic *grunduz.

Noun edit

grunt m

  1. ground
  2. root
  3. hollow

Declension edit

Declension of grunt (masculine a-stem)
case singular plural
nominative grunt grunta
accusative grunt grunta
genitive gruntes grunto
dative grunte gruntum
instrumental gruntu —

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

References edit

  • Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014

Old Polish edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Middle High German grunt. First attested in 1402.

Pronunciation edit

  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /ɡrunt/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ɡrunt/

Noun edit

grunt m animacy unattested

  1. ground; field; land
    • 1874 [1402], Monumenta Medii Aevi Historica res gestas Poloniae illustrantia. Pomniki Dziejowe Wieków Średnich do objaśnienia rzeczy polskich służące, volume XVII, page 81:
      Iohannes... conuallem scilicet vlg. grunt dictam... resignauit
      [Iohannes... conuallem scilicet vlg. grunt dictam... resignauit]
  2. core (basis of a given thing, foundation)
    • 1956 [Middle of the 15th century], Jerzy Woronczak, editor, Teksty polskie w rękopisie nr 43 Biblioteki Kapitulnej we Wrocławiu z połowy XV wieku‎[3], page 56v:
      Dixit Paulus Petro: Pax tecum, fundamentum, grunt, ecclesiarum et pastor ovium
      [Dixit Paulus Petro: Pax tecum, fundamentum, grunt, ecclesiarum et pastor ovium]

Derived terms edit

adjectives

Related terms edit

adverbs

Descendants edit

References edit

Polish edit

 
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Old Polish grunt.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

grunt m inan (diminutive gruncik, related adjective gruntowy)

  1. (countable) ground (arable soil or earth)
    Synonyms: gleba, rola, ziemia
  2. (countable) ground (surface of the earth in a specific place)
    Synonym: ziemia
  3. (chiefly in the plural, officialese) ground (area of land that is owned by someone)
    Synonym: teren
  4. (uncountable, masonry) mortar; primer (substance that binds strongly to the substrate, used as a base for painting, plastering and polishing)
    Synonym: zaprawa
  5. (uncountable, literary) base; primer (previously prepared basis for certain actions; essential element of something) [+ dla (genitive)] [+ pod (accusative) = for what]
    Synonym: podstawa
  6. (uncountable, literary) foundation; core (certain ideological, cultural whole, characteristic of a specific country or social environment)
  7. (countable) ground (bottom of a body of water)
  8. (countable, obsolete) foundation (bottom of a construction)
    Synonym: fundament
  9. (countable, obsolete) core (reason or cause for something)
  10. (uncountable, obsolete) land; continent (area of the earth not covered by water)
    Synonym: ląd
  11. (Middle Polish) world
    Synonym: świat
  12. (Middle Polish) background
    Synonym: tło
  13. (Middle Polish) source; documentation; evidence (document or fact that can be relied upon)
  14. (Middle Polish) certainty, solidness
  15. (Middle Polish) source (place where something arises)
  16. (Middle Polish) etymology; etymon
    Synonym: źródłosłów
  17. (Middle Polish) original version of something
    Synonym: oryginał
  18. (Middle Polish) pattern, symbol
  19. (Middle Polish) prepositional phrase
  20. (Middle Polish) fundament; Further details are uncertain.
    • 1532, Bartłomiej z Bydgoszczy, Słownik łacińsko-polski‎[4], page 62:
      Fundamentum, grvnth, początek
    • 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon‎[5], page 400b:
      Solum, Dno/ grunt/ ziemiá.
    • 1564, J. Mączyński, Lexicon‎[6], pages 451c, 140b [2 r.]:
      Terrenum, Dno/ grunt álbo poległość ziemie.
    • 1588, A. Calepinus, Dictionarium decem linguarum‎[7], pages 441a, 990b:
      Fundum ‒ Grunt, dno.

Usage notes edit

The nominative and accusative plural form grunta is dated.

Declension edit

Declension of grunt
singular plural
nominative grunt grunty/grunta
genitive gruntu gruntów
dative gruntowi gruntom
accusative grunt grunty/grunta
instrumental gruntem gruntami
locative gruncie gruntach
vocative gruncie grunty/grunta

Derived terms edit

adjectives
interjections
nouns
particles
phrases
verbs

Related terms edit

adverbs
nouns

Descendants edit

Trivia edit

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), grunt is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 12 times in scientific texts, 3 times in news, 23 times in essays, 14 times in fiction, and 12 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 64 times, making it the 1022nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References edit

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “grunt”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 139

Further reading edit

  • grunt in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • grunt in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “grunt”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • “GRUNT”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 25.05.2009
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “grunt”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[8]
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “grunt”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎[9]
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “grunt”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎[10] (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 921

Serbo-Croatian edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from German Grund.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

grȕnt m (Cyrillic spelling гру̏нт)

  1. (regional) plot of land, lot

Declension edit

Declension of grunt
singular plural
nominative grȕnt grùntovi
genitive grunta gruntova
dative gruntu gruntovima
accusative grunt gruntove
vocative grunte gruntovi
locative gruntu gruntovima
instrumental gruntom gruntovima

Swedish edit

Adjective edit

grunt

  1. indefinite neuter singular of grund

Adverb edit

grunt

  1. shallowly
    gentemot såväl grundt rationalistiska som känslosamt svärmiska religiösa riktningar.
    towards both shallowly rationalistic and emotionally fanatical religious tendencies.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=grunt&oldid=79030653"