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匙

匙 U+5319, 匙
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5319
← 匘
[U+5318] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 匚 →
[U+531A]

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

匙 (radical 21 匕+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 日人心 (AOP), four-corner 61801, composition ⿺是匕)

ReferencesEdit

  • KangXi: page 153, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2590
  • Dae Jaweon: page 344, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 263, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5319

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.
 匙

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 匙
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
   
Characters in the same phonetic series (是) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鞮 *teː
隄 *teː, *deː
堤 *teː, *teːʔ, *dje
鍉 *teː
蝭 *teːs, *deː
醍 *tʰeːʔ, *deː
緹 *tʰeːʔ, *deː
提 *deː, *dje
瑅 *deː
題 *deː, *deːs
媞 *deː, *deːʔ, *djeʔ
褆 *deː, *deʔ, *djeʔ
禔 *deː, *tje, *dje
騠 *deː
趧 *deː
鯷 *deː, *deːs, *djes
踶 *deːs, *deʔ
徥 *deʔ, *djeʔ
匙 *dje
是 *djeʔ
諟 *djeʔ
翨 *hljes, *kles
睼 *tʰeːns
寔 *djɯɡ
湜 *dɯɡ
遈 *djɯɡ

Pronunciation 1Edit

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 匙
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/
Tianjin /su⁰/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Qingdao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴²/
Xi'an /sz̩⁰/
Xining /sz̩⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵³/
Ürümqi /sz̩⁰/
Wuhan /t͡sʰz̩⁴²/
Chengdu /sz̩³¹/
Guiyang /sz̩²¹/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /sz̩¹¹/ 小勺儿
/sz̩⁴⁵/ 钥～
Pingyao /sz̩¹³/
Hohhot /sz̩³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zz̩²³/
Suzhou /zz̩¹³/
Hangzhou /zz̩²¹³/
Wenzhou /zei³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕi⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕi⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ʂʐ̩¹²/
Gan Nanchang /sz̩⁰/ 鎖～
Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʃï¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /si²¹/ 鎖～
/t͡sʰi²¹/ ～羹
Nanning /t͡sʰi²¹/
Hong Kong /si²¹/ 鎖～
/t͡sʰi²¹/ ～羹
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /si³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sie⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /i²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /si⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ti³¹/
Rime
Character 匙
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 常 (25)
Final (韻) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 是支切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ʑiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡ʑiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡ʑjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡ʑiə̆/
Li
Rong 		/ʑie/
Wang
Li 		/ʑǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʑie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chí
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 匙
Reading # 1/1
No. 11641
Phonetic
component 		是
Rime
group 		支
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		提
Old
Chinese 		/*dje/

DefinitionsEdit

匙

  1. spoon
Derived termsEdit

See alsoEdit

Pronunciation 2Edit

DefinitionsEdit

匙

  1. key
SynonymsEdit
Dialectal synonyms of 鑰匙 (“key”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 匙
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 鑰匙
Mandarin Beijing 鑰匙
Taiwan 鑰匙
Tianjin 鑰匙
Harbin 鑰匙
Jinan 鑰匙
Muping 鑰匙
Luoyang 鑰匙
Jiedian 鑰匙
Xi'an 鑰匙
Xining 鑰匙
Xuzhou 鑰匙
Yinchuan 鑰匙
Lanzhou 鑰匙
Ürümqi 鑰匙
Wuhan 鑰匙
Chengdu 鑰匙
Guiyang 鑰匙
Liuzhou 鎖匙
Yangzhou 鑰匙
Nanjing 鑰匙
Hefei 鑰匙
Cantonese Guangzhou 鎖匙
Hong Kong 鎖匙
Dongguan 鎖匙
Taishan 鎖匙
Yangjiang 鎖匙
Gan Nanchang 鎖匙
Lichuan 鎖匙
Pingxiang 鎖匙
Hakka Meixian 鎖匙
Xingning 鎖匙
Huidong 鎖匙
Qujiang 鎖匙
Xiaosanjiang 鎖匙
Changting 鎖匙
Pingyu 鎖匙
Wuping 鎖匙
Liancheng 鎖匙
Ninghua 鎖匙
Yudu 鎖匙
Ruijin 鎖匙
Shicheng 鎖匙
Shangyou 鎖匙
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 鎖匙
Liudui (S. Sixian) 鎖匙
Hsinchu (Hailu) 鎖匙
Dongshi (Dabu) 鎖匙
Zhuolan (Raoping) 鎖匙
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 鎖匙
Huizhou Jixi 鎖匙
Jin Taiyuan 鑰匙
Xinzhou 鑰匙
Min Bei Jian'ou 鎖匙、㪗仔
Min Dong Fuzhou 鎖匙、匙
Fuqing 鎖匙
Matsu 鎖匙
Min Nan Xiamen 鎖匙
Quanzhou 鎖匙
Zhangzhou 鎖匙
Taipei 鎖匙
Kaohsiung 鎖匙
Tainan 鎖匙
Taichung 鎖匙
Hsinchu 鎖匙
Lukang 鎖匙
Sanxia 鎖匙
Yilan 鎖匙
Kinmen 鎖匙
Magong 鎖匙
Penang 鎖匙
Philippines (Manila) 鎖匙
Chaozhou 鎖匙
Haikou 鎖匙
Pinghua Nanning 鎖匙
Wu Shanghai 鑰匙
Suzhou 鑰匙
Hangzhou 鑰匙
Wenzhou 鎖匙開、鎖匙、鎖開
Chongming 鑰匙
Danyang 鑰匙
Jinhua 鑰匙
Tangxi 鎖匙
Ningbo 鑰匙
Xiang Changsha 鑰匙
Shuangfeng 鎖匙
Loudi 鎖匙、鎖匙子
Derived termsEdit

JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

匙

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. spoon

ReadingsEdit

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
匙
じ
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 匙 (zhiɛ, “spoon”). The goon, so likely the earliest borrowing from Middle Chinese.

PronunciationEdit

SuffixEdit

匙 (hiragana じ, rōmaji -ji)

  1. spoon, scoop
Usage notesEdit

Only found in compounds.

Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
匙
し
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 匙 (zhiɛ, “spoon”). The kan'on, so a later borrowing. Compare modern Cantonese 匙 (ci4), Min Nan 匙 (sî).

PronunciationEdit

SuffixEdit

匙 (hiragana し, rōmaji -shi)

  1. spoon, scoop
Usage notesEdit

Only found in compounds.

Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 3Edit

Kanji in this term
匙
ひ
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

Likely an alteration of the kan'on reading shi: /si/ → /hi/

PronunciationEdit

Alternative formsEdit

AffixEdit

匙 (hiragana ひ, rōmaji hi)

  1. spoon, scoop
Usage notesEdit

Only found in compounds.

Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 4Edit

Kanji in this term
匙
かい
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

/kapi1/ → /kapi/ → /kaɸi/ → /kahi/ → /kai/

From Old Japanese 貝 (kai, “shellfish, clam; clam shell”), from the way that clam shells were used as scoops.[1][2][3]

PronunciationEdit

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

匙 (hiragana かい, rōmaji kai, historical hiragana かひ)

  1. (obsolete) a scoop for food
  2. (archaic, rare) a wooden sword for training
    This sense developed from an ateji spelling of 木刀 (literally, “wooden blade”) applied to the food scoop meaning.
Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

Etymology 5Edit

 
匙 (saji): a spoon.
Kanji in this term
匙
さじ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Originally a compound of 茶 (sa, “tea”) +‎ 匙 (ji, “spoon, scoop”).[1][2][2][3] This on'yomi reading for a two-character term was then applied to the single-character 匙 spelling, and re-interpreted as kun'yomi.

PronunciationEdit

Alternative formsEdit

NounEdit

匙 (hiragana さじ, rōmaji saji)

  1. spoon, scoop used for food
    私 (わたし)たちは匙 (さじ)でスープを飲 (の)む。
    Watashitachi wa saji de sūpu o nomu.
    We eat soup with a spoon.
  2. more specifically, a spoon or scoop used for compounding medicine
  3. by extension, medicine
  4. by further extension, a doctor
Usage notesEdit

In modern Japanese, the term スプーン (supūn) is used to refer to spoons in general, including spoons as found in the Western world. The term saji generally refers more to the broad, usually flat-bottomed Asian-style spoon shown at right.

The saji reading is the most common in modern Japanese when using this term as a standalone noun. The kanji spelling (匙) is rarely encountered; it is usually written in hiragana alone (さじ).

Derived termsEdit
Derived terms
IdiomsEdit
Idioms
SynonymsEdit
Synonyms

Etymology 6Edit

Kanji in this term
匙
しゃじ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Appears to be an alteration of saji above: [sad͡ʑi] → [ɕad͡ʑi][1][2][3]

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

匙 (hiragana しゃじ, rōmaji shaji)

  1. spoon
Usage notesEdit

This reading does not appear to be as common as the saji reading above. May be dialectal.

Etymology 7Edit

Kanji in this term
匙
すくい
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Alternate spelling of 掬い (sukui, “scoop”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 掬う (sukuu, “to scoop”).[1]

Rare. Only found in compounds.

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

匙 (hiragana すくい, rōmaji sukui, historical hiragana すくひ)

  1. (rare) a scoop
Usage notesEdit

Although the general term sukui can serve as a standalone noun, this particular 匙 spelling for sukui is only found in compounds.

Derived termsEdit
Derived terms

ReferencesEdit

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

匙 • (si) (hangeul 시, revised si, McCune-Reischauer si)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

匙 (thi, thìa, thì, chuỷ)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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