睡

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Japanese	睡
Simplified	睡
Traditional	睡

Alternative formsEdit

Note minor compositional differences.

Han characterEdit

睡 (Kangxi radical 109, 目+8, 13 strokes, cangjie input 月山竹十一 (BUHJM), four-corner 6201₄, composition ⿰目垂)

Derived charactersEdit

𬑩

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 810, character 23
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23448
Dae Jaweon: page 1225, character 20
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2497, character 4
Unihan data for U+7761

ChineseEdit

trad.		睡
simp. ^#		睡

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 睡
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (垂) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
埵	*toːlʔ
綞	*toːlʔ
涶	tʰoːl, tʰoːls
唾	*tʰoːls
厜	*stol
腄	tol, dols, *ɢʷɯ
箠	tol, tjolʔ
娷	*tols
諈	*tols
錘	dol, dols, *du
甀	dol, dols
硾	*dols
捶	*tjolʔ
垂	*djol
陲	*djol
倕	*djol
菙	*djolʔ
睡	*djols

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *djols): semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 垂 (OC *djol) – sleep.

EtymologyEdit

May be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(d/n)waj (“to hang from; to cling to; creeper”) (STEDT), whence Burmese တွယ် (twai, “to cling”). May be related to 垂 (OC *djol, “to hang down”), 朵 (OC *toːlʔ, “to hang from a tree; classifier for blossoms”), 橢 (OC *l̥ʰoːlʔ, “oblong; oval”), 惰 (OC *l'oːlʔ, *l'oːls, “lazy”) and 蕊 (OC *ŋljolʔ, *ŋljulʔ, “reproductive organ of flower”).

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): shuì (shui⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄕㄨㄟˋ

(Chengdu, SP): sui⁴

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): фи (fi, III)
Cantonese (Jyutping): seoi⁶
Gan (Wiktionary): sui⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): soi

(Meixian, Guangdong): soi⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): sui³
Min Bei (KCR): sṳ̿
Min Dong (BUC): sói
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): sūi / sùi / chē / chōe / chēr

(Teochew, Peng'im): sui⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): ³zoe
Xiang (Wiktionary): xyei⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: shuì
  - Zhuyin: ㄕㄨㄟˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: shuèi
  - Wade–Giles: shui⁴
  - Yale: shwèi
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shuey
  - Palladius: шуй (šuj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂweɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: sui⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sui
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /suei²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: фи (fi, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fi⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: seoi⁶
  - Yale: seuih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: soey⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: sêu⁶
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɵy̯²²/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: sui⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sui¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: soi
  - Hakka Romanization System: soi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: soi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /soi̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: soi⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /soɪ⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: sui³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /suei⁴⁵/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sṳ̿
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy³³/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: sói
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /sui²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sūi
  - Tâi-lô: suī
  - Phofsit Daibuun: sui
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /sui⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sui³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /sui²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sùi
  - Tâi-lô: suì
  - Phofsit Daibuun: suix
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /sui²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chē
  - Tâi-lô: tsē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ze
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡se³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡se²²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Tainan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chōe
  - Tâi-lô: tsuē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zoe
  - IPA (Tainan): /t͡sue³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sue²²/
- (Hokkien: Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chēr
  - Tâi-lô: tsēr
  - IPA (Kinmen): /t͡sə²²/

Note:

sūi/sùi - literary;
chē/chōe/chēr - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: sui⁶
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sŭi
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /sui³⁵/

Wu

(Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: ³zoe
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /z̥ø²³/

Xiang

(Changsha)
- Wiktionary: xyei⁴
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕye̞i⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: /d͡ʑiuᴇ^H/

Rime
Character	睡
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	支 (12)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	是僞切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ʑiuᴇ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ʑʷiɛ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ʑjuɛ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ʑwiə̆^H/
Li Rong	/ʑiue^H/
Wang Li	/ʑǐwe^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʑwie̯^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shuì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	seoi⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]o[j]-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*djols/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	睡
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shuì
Middle Chinese	‹ dzywe^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]o[j]-s/
English	doze off
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	睡
Reading #	1/1
No.	1680
Phonetic component	垂
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	睡
Old Chinese	/*djols/

睡

DefinitionsEdit

睡

(intransitive) to sleep
睡會兒／睡会儿 ― shuì huǐr ― to sleep for a while
(of bed, room, transitive) to sleep; to have the capacity for
我睡這間房。／我睡这间房。 ― Wǒ shuì zhè jiān fáng. ― I sleep in this room.
(colloquial, transitive) to sleep with (somebody) (have sexual intercourse with)
被睡了 ― bèi shuì le ― to be slept with (to have sexual intercourse unconsciously, unwillingly or unhappily)
(dialectal) to lie; to recline
(literary, intransitive) to nod off
- 讀書欲睡，引錐自刺其股，血流至足。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  读书欲睡，引锥自刺其股，血流至足。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Zhanguo Ce, circa 5^th – 3^rd centuries BCE
  Dúshū yù shuì, yǐn zhuī zì cì qí gǔ, xuè liú zhì zú. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)

SynonymsEdit

Dialectal synonyms of 睡覺 (“to sleep”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		臥, 寐, 寢, 眠, 睡, 就寢, 寢息
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		睡覺, 睡眠, 就寢
Mandarin	Beijing	睡覺, 睡, 歇覺
	Taiwan	睡覺, 睡
	Ulanhot	睡覺
	Tongliao	睡覺
	Chifeng	睡覺
	Bayanhot	睡覺
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	睡覺
	Yantai (Muping)	睡覺, 睡
	Weifang (Weicheng)	睏覺
	Weifang (Fangzi)	睏覺
	Weifang (Hanting)	睏覺
	Changyi	睏覺
	Gaomi	睏覺
	Zhucheng	睏覺
	Anqiu	睏覺
	Changle	睏覺
	Linqu	睏覺
	Qingzhou	睏覺
	Shouguang	睏覺
	Wulian	睏覺
	Jinan	睡覺
	Wanrong	睡
	Xi'an	睡覺, 睡
	Wuhan	睡瞌睡, 睡
	Chengdu	睡瞌睡
	Guiyang	睡瞌睡
	Guilin	睡覺
	Yangzhou	睡覺, 上蘇州 slang
	Nanjing	睡覺, 睡
	Hefei	睡覺
	Nantong	睏
	Malaysia	睡覺, 睡
	Singapore	睡覺, 睡
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	睡
	Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)	睡覺
Cantonese	Guangzhou	瞓覺, 瞓, 見周公 humorous, 搵周公 humorous, 覺覺豬 childish
	Hong Kong	瞓覺, 瞓, 搵周公 humorous, 覺覺豬 childish, 瞓覺覺 childish, 豬豬 childish
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	瞓覺
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	瞓覺
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	睡目
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	瞓覺
	Macau	瞓覺
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	瞓覺
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	瞓
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	瞓覺
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	瞓, 睡
	Foshan	瞓覺
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	瞓覺
	Foshan (Shunde)	瞓覺
	Foshan (Sanshui)	瞓覺
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	瞓覺
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	瞇覺
	Zhuhai (Qianshan)	瞓覺
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	瞓覺
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	瞓覺
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	瞓覺
	Taishan	瞓覺, 瞓
	Kaiping (Chikan)	瞓覺
	Enping (Niujiang)	瞓覺
	Heshan (Yayao)	瞓覺
	Dongguan	瞓覺
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	瞓覺
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	瞓覺
	Yangjiang	瞓覺, 瞓
	Zhanjiang	瞓覺, 曬鋪
	Nanning	睡覺
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	睡覺
	Hepu (Shatian)	睡覺, 瞓覺
	Beihai	睡覺
	Beihai (Nankang)	睡覺
	Beihai (Yingpan)	睡覺
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	睡覺
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	瞓覺
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	睡覺
	Danzhou	閉眼
	Sanya (Yanglan Maihua)	閉眼
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	瞓覺
	Singapore (Guangfu)	瞓覺, 瞓
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	瞓覺
	Móng Cái	睡覺
Gan	Nanchang	睏覺, 睏
	Lichuan	睏覺, 睏
	Pingxiang	睏覺, 睏
Hakka	Meixian	睡目, 睡
	Xingning	睡目
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Huizhou (Shuikou Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Huizhou (Hengli Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Huiyang	睡目, 睡
	Huidong (Pingshan Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Huidong (Daling)	睡目
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	睡目, 睡覺
	Longmen (Pingling Bendihua)	睡目
	Longmen (Luxi Bendihua)	瞓
	Boluo (Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	睡目
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	睡目
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	睡目
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	睡目
	Wuhua (Changbu)	睡目
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	睡目
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Zijin (Guzhu Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Longchuan (Tuocheng Bendihua)	瞓, 瞓覺
	Longchuan (Sidu Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Heping (Linzhai Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Lianping (Zhongxin Bendihua)	瞓覺
	Lianping (Longjie Bendihua)	睡覺
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	睡覺
	Xinfeng (Matou Bendihua)	睡
	Xinfeng (Daxi Bendihua)	睡覺
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	睡眼
	Liannan	睡目
	Conghua (Lütian)	睡眼
	Jiexi	睡目
	Changting	睡目
	Wuping	睡目
	Wuping (Pingyu)	睡目
	Liancheng	睡目
	Ninghua	歇
	Yudu	歇眼, 打席
	Ruijin	歇眼
	Shicheng	歇, 睡
	Shangyou (Shexi)	歇覺
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	睡目
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	睡目
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	睡目
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	睡目, 睡
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	睡目, 睡
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	睡目, 睡
	Hong Kong	睡目
	Luchuan	睡覺
	Sabah (Longchuan)	睡目
	Senai (Huiyang)	睡目
	Kuching (Hepo)	睡目
	Singkawang	睡目
	Singapore (Dabu)	睡目
	Bangkok (Meixian)	睡目
Huizhou	Jixi	睏覺, 睏
	Shexian	睡
	Tunxi	睏
	Xiuning	睏
	Yixian	睏
	Qimen	睏
	Wuyuan	睏
Jin	Taiyuan	睡覺, 睡
	Taibus (Baochang)	睡覺
	Linhe	睡覺
	Jining	睡覺
	Baotou	睡覺
	Dongsheng	睡覺
	Haibowan	睡覺
Min Bei	Jian'ou	目䁒
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	目䁒
	Songxi	目䁒
	Zhenghe	目䁒
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	眠䁒
	Jianyang	目䁒
	Wuyishan	目䁒
	Pucheng (Shibei)	瞌眠
Min Dong	Fuzhou	睏, 睏眠
	Changle	睏
	Fuqing	睏
	Yongtai	睏
	Gutian	睏
	Fu'an	睏
	Ningde	睏
	Shouning	睏
	Zhouning	睏
	Fuding	睏
	Matsu	睏
	Manjung (Gutian)	睏眠
Min Nan	Xiamen	睏
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	睏
	Quanzhou	睏
	Shishi	睏
	Anxi	睏
	Zhangzhou	睏
	Pinghe	睏
	Zhao'an	睏
	Dongshan	睏
	Taipei	睏
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	睏
	Kaohsiung	睏
	Yilan	睏
	Changhua (Lukang)	睏
	Taichung	睏
	Taichung (Wuqi)	睏
	Tainan	睏
	Taitung	睏
	Hsinchu	睏
	Kinmen	睏
	Penghu (Magong)	睏
	Penang (Hokkien)	睏
	Singapore (Hokkien)	睏
	Manila (Hokkien)	睏
	Medan (Hokkien)	睏
	Zhangping	睏
	Datian	睏
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	睏覺
	Chaozhou	夗
	Shantou	夗
	Shantou (Chenghai)	夗
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	夗
	Jieyang	夗
	Haifeng	睏
	Bangkok (Teochew)	夗
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	夗
	Singapore (Teochew)	夗
	Leizhou	瞌, 瞌覺, 睏, 歇
	Wenchang	瞌, 偃瞌
	Haikou	瞌, 偃瞌
	Qionghai	瞌, 偃瞌
	Singapore (Hainanese)	瞌
Puxian Min	Putian	睏
Puxian Min	Xianyou	睏
Min Zhong	Yong'an	倒眠
Zhongshan Min	Shaxi (Longdu)	瞇
Zhongshan Min	Sanxiang	瞇, 瞇覺
Shehua	Fu'an	眠
	Fuding	眠
	Luoyuan	眠
	Shunchang	眠
	Cangnan	眠
	Jingning	眠
Wu	Shanghai	睏覺, 睏, 到蘇州去 slang
	Shanghai (Chongming)	睏
	Suzhou	睏覺, 睏, 到崑山去 slang
	Wuxi	睏覺
	Danyang	睏覺, 睏
	Hangzhou	睏覺, 睏, 到蘇州去 slang
	Hangzhou (Yuhang)	睏覺, 睏
	Ningbo	睏覺, 睏
	Wenzhou	睏
	Jinhua	睏褥, 睏
Xiang	Changsha	睏覺, 睏
	Loudi	睏覺, 睏
	Shuangfeng	睏眼閉, 睏覺
	Quanzhou	睡覺

Dialectal synonyms of 躺 (“to lie; to recline”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		躺
Mandarin	Beijing	躺, 歪
	Taiwan	躺
	Jinan	躺
	Xi'an	睡, 躺
	Wuhan	睡
	Chengdu	躺, 睡
	Guilin	躺
	Yangzhou	躺, 睡
	Hefei	睡, 躺
	Singapore	躺
Cantonese	Guangzhou	瞓
	Hong Kong	瞓
	Yangjiang	睡
	Singapore (Guangfu)	瞓
Gan	Nanchang	睏
Hakka	Meixian	眠, 抗
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	睡
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	眠
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	睡
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	睡
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	睡
Jin	Taiyuan	躺, 睡
Min Bei	Jian'ou	倒
Min Dong	Fuzhou	倒
Min Nan	Xiamen	倒
	Quanzhou	倒
	Zhangzhou	倒
	Penang (Hokkien)	倒
	Singapore (Hokkien)	倒
	Chaozhou	倒
Wu	Suzhou	睏
Wu	Wenzhou	翻, 倒
Xiang	Changsha	睏
Xiang	Shuangfeng	睏