棒

Translingual

Han character

棒 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 木手大手 (DQKQ), four-corner 4595₃, composition ⿰木奉)

Derived characters

𠾴, 𥴇

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 532, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14929
Dae Jaweon: page 920, character 17
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1222, character 9
Unihan data for U+68D2

Chinese

simp. and trad.		棒
alternative forms		棓 “stick”

Wikipedia has an article on:

棒

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (丰) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
邦	*proːŋ
梆	*proːŋ
垹	*proːŋ
肨	pʰroːŋs, pʰroːŋs
蚌	broːŋʔ, breːŋʔ
玤	*broːŋʔ
棒	*broːŋʔ
蜯	*broːŋʔ
琫	*poːŋʔ
菶	poːŋʔ, boːŋʔ
俸	poːŋʔ, boŋs
髼	*boːŋ
蜂	boːŋ, pʰoŋ
韸	*boːŋ
蓬	*boːŋ
篷	*boːŋ
唪	boːŋʔ, boŋʔ
埲	*boːŋʔ
丰	*pʰoŋ
妦	*pʰoŋ
仹	*pʰoŋ
峯	*pʰoŋ
峰	*pʰoŋ
鋒	*pʰoŋ
烽	*pʰoŋ
蠭	*pʰoŋ
桻	*pʰoŋ
莑	*pʰoŋ
夆	pʰoŋ, boŋ, *ɡaːds
捧	*pʰoŋʔ
逢	*boŋ
縫	boŋ, boŋs
漨	*boŋ
捀	boŋ, boŋs
奉	*boŋʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *broːŋʔ) : semantic 木 (“tree, wood”) + phonetic 奉 (OC *boŋʔ) – a wooden club.

Etymology

“terrific; smart; handsome; excellent; skillful”

The semantics may have developed as “stick” > “hard” > “excellent”; compare dialectal Mandarin 槓／杠 (gàng) (Yang, 2012).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): bàng (bang⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄤˋ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bang⁴

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): бон (bon, III)
Cantonese
(Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): paang⁵

(Taishan, Wiktionary): pang⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): pong⁵
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pong

(Meixian, Guangdong): bung³
Jin (Wiktionary): bon³
Northern Min (KCR): bō̤ng
Eastern Min (BUC): bâung
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): pāng / pǎng

(Teochew, Peng'im): bang⁶
Wu (Northern, Wugniu): ⁶baon
Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): ban⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bàng
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄤˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bàng
  - Wade–Giles: pang⁴
  - Yale: bàng
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: banq
  - Palladius: бан (ban)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: bang⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bang
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paŋ²¹³/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: бон (bon, III)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑŋ⁴⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: paang⁵
  - Yale: páahng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: paang⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: pang⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaːŋ¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: pang⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaŋ²¹/
Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: pong⁵
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɔŋ¹¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pong
  - Hakka Romanization System: bong
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bong⁴
  - Sinological IPA: /poŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: bung³
  - Sinological IPA: /pʊŋ³¹/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: bon³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pɒ̃⁴⁵/
Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bō̤ng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔŋ⁵⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bâung
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɑuŋ²⁴²/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pāng
  - Tâi-lô: pāng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pang
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /paŋ³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /paŋ²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǎng
  - Tâi-lô: pǎng
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /paŋ²²/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bang⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: păng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /paŋ³⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Suzhou)
  - Wugniu: ⁶baon
  - MiniDict: baon^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³baan
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /bɑ̃²³/
  - Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /bɑ̃²³¹/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: ban⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pan⁴⁵/

Middle Chinese: baewngX

Rime
Character	棒
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	江 (9)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	步項切
Baxter	baewngX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠʌŋ^X/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚɔŋ^X/
Shao Rongfen	/bɔŋ^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baɨwŋ^X/
Li Rong	/bɔŋ^X/
Wang Li	/bɔŋ^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱɔŋ^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bong⁶

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*broːŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	棒
Reading #	1/1
No.	3207
Phonetic component	丰
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	㭋
Old Chinese	/*broːŋʔ/
Notes	說文作棓

Definitions

棒

stick; club; truncheon
to hit with a stick
(figurative) baton; responsibility; succession
(Mandarin, colloquial) hefty; strong
(Mandarin, colloquial) terrific; smart; handsome; excellent; skillful
這篇文章寫得多棒啊，背下來。 [MSC, trad.]
这篇文章写得多棒啊，背下来。 [MSC, simp.]
Zhè piān wénzhāng xiě de duō bàng a, bèi xiàlái. [Pinyin]
How excellently written is this article! Learn it by heart.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 厲害 (“impressive; excellent; amazing; fantastic”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	牛, 牛兒, 牛屄 vulgar
	Taiwan	厲害, 棒
	Malaysia	厲害, 夠力
	Singapore	厲害
Cantonese	Guangzhou	犀利, 勁
	Hong Kong	犀利, 勁, 勁抽, 堅抽
	Penang (Guangfu)	犀利
	Singapore (Guangfu)	犀利, 勁
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	厲害, 慶
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	厲害, 慶, 壁
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	厲害, 慶
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	厲害, 慶
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	厲害, 慶
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	厲害, 慶
	Hong Kong	叻
	Kuching (Hepo)	慶
Southern Min	Xiamen	厲害
	Shishi	厲害
	Zhao'an	厲害
	Tainan	厲害
	Penang (Hokkien)	厲害
	Singapore (Hokkien)	厲害, 勥, 𠢕
	Manila (Hokkien)	厲害, 勥, 𠢕
	Puning	厲害, 野
	Haifeng	厲害
	Singapore (Teochew)	厲害
Wu	Shanghai	結棍
	Suzhou	結棍
	Wuxi	結棍
	Hangzhou	結棍
	Ningbo	結棍
Xiang	Changsha	䏧腮

(Cantonese) (excellent): 正 (zeng3)

Compounds

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (棒):

→ Japanese: 棒(ぼう) (bō)

Others:

→ Thai: พลอง (plɔɔng)
⇒ Thai: กระบอง (grà-bɔɔng), ตะบอง (dtà-bɔɔng)

Japanese

Kanji

棒

(Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

bar, staff, stick, pole, walking stick, cane, stave, strove, rod, wand, (shepherd's) crook.
straight line.

Readings

Go-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)^{←ばう (bau, historical)}
Kan-on: ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
Kun: つえ (tsue, 棒)^{←つゑ (tuwe, 棒, historical)}

Etymology

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

棒

Wikipedia ^ja

Kanji in this term
棒
ぼう Grade: 6
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 棒 (MC baewngX). The goon pronunciation, so likely an earlier borrowing.

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) ぼー [bòó] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
IPA^(key): [bo̞ː]

Noun

棒(ぼう) • (bō) ^{←ばう (bau)^?}

a staff, measuring 6 shaku (about 1.8 meters), used in martial arts such as 棒術 (bōjutsu)
(by extension) stick-like or long, cylindrical item: pointer, pole, rod, etc.
棒(ぼう)を持(も)つ
bō o motsu
to hold a pointer

うまい棒(ぼう)
Umaibō
Umaibō (a cylinder-shaped snack food)

棒(ぼう)のぼり
bō-nobori
pole climbing (found in elementary schools to train the strength of students)
(by extension) a straight line; bar
(by extension) state of being in a "straight line"; continuous
taut leg muscles due to fatigue (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
(Buddhism) staff used by practitioners of Zen Buddhism

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

棒 (eumhun 몽둥이 봉 (mongdung'i bong))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

棒: Hán Nôm readings: vổng, bọng, bộng, bổng, búng

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]